Chapter 2.2 - Flight Control Flashcards
What are the main primary controls used to fly an aircraft (3)?
- Throttle.
- Pitch Attitude.
- Bank Attitude.
What determines an Aircraft’s performance?
Power and Attitude.
Name the 3 reference axes of an aircraft?
- Lateral.
- Longitudinal.
- Normal.
Name the 3 movements each axes has on an aircraft?
- Pitch (Lateral).
- Roll (Longitudinal).
- Yaw (Normal).
Name the 3 controls which effect the axes of an aircraft?
- Elevator/Stabilator (Pitch).
- Ailerons (Roll).
- Rudder (Yaw).
True or False. The normal axis is the same as vertical axis?
False.
All axes are connected through what?
Centre of Gravity (CG).
The Normal Axis is found?
Perpendicular to the plane’s Lateral and Longitudinal axes.
Where can a parent Aerofoil be found on an Aircraft (3)?
- Wing.
- Tailplane (Horizontal Stabilizer).
- Fin (Vertical Stabilizer).
A pilot must alter the degree of deflection of the control surfaces to maintain what?
Desired Attitude.
Degree of deflection is necessary to resists what?
- Disturbing Influences (Turbulence).
- Attain New Attitudes (Flight Path).
The Elevators/Stabilator are used to control what?
Pitch Attitude of an Aircraft.
What happens when the Control Wheel is pushed forward (name the control surface)?
The Elevators move down, thus the nose of the Aircraft goes down.
What happens when the Control Wheel is pulled back (name the control surface)?
The Elevators move up, thus the nose of the Aircraft goes up.
The Ailerons are used to control what?
Bank Attitude of an Aircraft.
What happens when the Control Wheel is turned to the right (name the control surface)?
Right Aileron is raised and the left is depressed, thus turning the Aircraft to the right.
What happens when the Control Wheel is turned to the left (name the control surface)?
Left Aileron is raised and the right is depressed, thus turning the Aircraft to the left.
The Rudder is used to control what?
The yawing of an Aircraft.
The Rudder is used to correct and maintain?
- Turbulence.
- Out-of-Balance Forces.
- Keep the nose pointing into the Relative Airflow.
The Rudder is used to prevent an Aircraft from what when turning?
Slipping / Skidding (Out-of-Balance).
What happens when using the right Rudder pedal?
Deflects the Rudder right causing the Aircraft to yaw right.
What happens when using the left Rudder pedal?
Deflects the Rudder left causing the Aircraft to yaw left.
True of False. The Rudder is used to turn the Aircraft?
False. It yaws the nose left or right.
Name 3 factors that alter the effectiveness of the Control Surfaces?
- Degree of Deflection.
- Dynamic Pressure.
- Size of the Control Surface.
What’s the secondary effect of Aileron deflection?
Yaw.
What can happen if no corrective action is taken from Aircraft slipping?
Spiral Dive.
How can Elevators affect Airspeed?
- Pitch increasing will decrease the Airspeed.
- Pitch decreasing will increase the Airspeed.
How can an increase in Airspeed alter Pitch Trim?
Pitches the nose up.
How can a decrease in Airspeed alter Pitch Trim?
Pitches the nose down.
Which direction does a propeller turn from the pilot’s view?
Clockwise.
Adding Power tends to Yaw the plane to which directions? And how can this be counteracted?
Yaw the nose to the Left and can be counteracted by using Right Rudder.
Reducing Power tends to Yaw the plane to which directions? And how can this be counteracted?
Yaw the nose to the Right and can be counteracted by using Left Rudder.
How can a pilot control Pitch Trim Tab?
By turning the Trim Wheel in the Cockpit.
Where is the Pitch Trim Tab located on the Aircraft?
Trailing edge of the Elevator.
What happens when forward rotation is applied to a Trim Wheel?
Trim Tab moves up which applies upload to the Elevator.
What happens when backward rotation is applied to a Trim Wheel?
Trim Tab moves down which applies download to the Elevator.
True of False. Trim Tabs should be used as a Primary Control?
False.
When should a Pilot use Trim Tab and why?
After a desired attitude is established to relief the Pilot’s use of the Control Wheel.
What purpose do Flaps have (4)?
- Steeper Approach to Land.
- Decrease Stall Speed for Slower Approach.
- Improve Forward Visibility.
- Improve Takeoff Performance.
Name three types of Flaps?
- Plain.
- Split.
- Fowler.
Which type of Flaps are commonly used on Light Training Aircraft?
- Plain.
- Split.
How are Flaps controlled?
Lever or Switch in the Cockpit.
What should a pilot take into consideration when using Flaps for Takeoff?
Flaps will decrease Climb performance after lift-off.
Name three effects Lowering/Raising Flaps will have on an Aircraft (3)?
- Attitude.
- Airspeed.
- Flight Path.
What happens when Flaps are lowered during level flight (3)?
- Lift will increase.
- Drag will increase (Airspeed will decrease).
- Balance of Aircraft will change.
What happens when Flaps are raised during level flight (3)?
- Lift will decrease.
- Drag will decrease (Airspeed will increase).
- Balance of Aircraft will change.
To maintain Height when lowering Flaps what should a Pilot change at the same time?
Attitude.
