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PPL Course - (1) First Solo > Chapter 2.8 - Taxi, Takeoff & Landing > Flashcards

Chapter 2.8 - Taxi, Takeoff & Landing Flashcards

1
Q

Name 4 factors affecting Taxi Speed?

A
  • Throttle/Power Setting.
  • Use of Brakes.
  • Type of Surface.
  • Wind.
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2
Q

What equates to a Taxi Speed?

A

A fast walking pace.

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3
Q

During Taxiing what two functions can a Pilot use?

A
  • Throttle (Primary Control).

- Brakes (use as an aid).

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4
Q

What 3 factors can affect a pilot maintaining a safe Taxi Speed?

A
  • Nature of the Surface.
  • Any Slope.
  • Wind.
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5
Q

If Taxi Speed is too high what should a Pilot do?

A

Close the Throttle.

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6
Q

If Taxi Speed is too high what should a Pilot NOT do?

A

Use Brakes against Throttle.

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7
Q

When should Brakes be tested by the Pilot?

A
  • Immediately once the Aircraft has moved from Parking Position
  • Occasionally during taxiing to the runway.
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8
Q

How does a Pilot steering when Taxiing?

A

Rudder which controls the nose gear.

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9
Q

When Taxiing what is needed in strong Headwind conditions?

A

More Power.

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10
Q

What position should the Control Yoke/Wheel be held under strong Headwind conditions?

A

Neutral.

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11
Q

When Taxiing what is needed in strong Tailwind conditions?

A

Less Power.

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12
Q

What position should the Control Yoke/Wheel be held under strong Tailwind conditions?

A

Forward of Neutral.

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13
Q

Why can a High/Low Wing Aircraft nose over during strong Tailwinds?

A

Centre of Gravity is always ahead of main wheels.

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14
Q

What Flight Controls Surfaces should be used to counter-act strong Crosswinds?

A
  • Ailerons.

- Rudder.

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15
Q

What should a pilot do when facing strong Crosswinds from ahead while Taxiing?

A
  • Move Ailerons into the wind for Balance.

- Use Rudder to counter-act any Yawning.

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16
Q

What should a pilot do when facing strong Crosswinds from behind while Taxiing?

A
  • Move Ailerons into downwind for Balance.
  • Use Rudder to counter-act any Yawning.
  • Control Wheel slightly Forward.
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17
Q

Define Weathercooking?

A

The tendency of an Aircraft to Yaw until the nose is point into wind.

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18
Q

Why are Takeoffs made into wind?

A

It gives the shortest takeoff/ground run.

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19
Q

Name the 3 phases of Takeoff?

A
  • Takeoff Run.
  • Lift-off/Rotation.
  • Transition to Climb.
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20
Q

What is the primary aim of a Takeoff?

A

The lift-off in the shortest distance possible.

21
Q

What does Rotation mean?

A

Is the act of pulling the Control Yoke/Wheel back to increase Angle of Attack.

22
Q

At what height is a Takeoff completed?

A

50 Feet.

23
Q

What happens to the Aircraft during Crosswind Takeoff?

A

The Aircraft will Yaw to the direction of the wind.

24
Q

How does a Pilot counteract Crosswind during Takeoff?

A

Use Rudder in opposite direction of wind.

25
Q

How does a Pilot counteract strong Upwind Wing during Takeoff/Landings?

A

Moving Ailerons into the Wind.

26
Q

How should a Pilot counteract ‘drift’ once airborne from a Crosswind Takeoff?

A

The nose must be yawned into the wind.

27
Q

What is classed as a ‘normal’ Approach?

A

Use of some Power and Flaps.

28
Q

Why should a Pilot use some power during Approach for Landing?

A
  • Better Control on Approach Flight Path.

- Keeps Engine warm in case of Go-Around.

29
Q

Why should a Pilot use Flaps during an Approach for Landing?

A
  • Reduces Stalling Speed.
  • Allows Steeper Approach Path reducing the Landing Distance.
  • Improves Forward Vision.
30
Q

Similar to Takeoffs, if possible, a Pilot should do what with Landings?

A

Land into-wind.

31
Q

Name the 3 phases of Landing?

A
  • Flare and Hold-off.
  • Touchdown.
  • Landing Run or Roll.
32
Q

Define Wheelbarrowing?

A

Too much weight on the Nose-Wheel.

33
Q

When is Wheelbarrowing most common?

A

An Approach with Full Flaps lowered and at excessive Speed.

34
Q

What action should a Pilot perform when an Aircraft is Wheelbarrowing?

A

Relax Forward Pressure on the Control Yoke/Wheel.

35
Q

Define Go-Around?

A

When a pilot abandons a Landing and proceeds to takeoff immediately.

36
Q

Why should a Pilot practise Glide Approaches/Landings?

A

To prepare for the event of forced Landings.

37
Q

When conducting a Glide Approach what are the two main aspects a Pilot should be aware of?

A
  • Selecting the Descent Point on Base Leg.

- Judging the points to progressively lower the flaps.

38
Q

Why should a Pilot practise Flapless Landings?

A

To prepare for the event of Flap Failure.

39
Q

What common error is made during Flapless Landings?

A

The Aircraft being too high for the aiming point.

40
Q

The Approach path is what during a Flapless Approach?

A

Flat.

41
Q

What should pilots be aware of when conducting a Flapless Approach upon touchdown?

A

Increased in Landing Roll.

42
Q

At what percentage of excess to the stall speed will cause problems during Crosswind Takeoff/Landings?

A

25%.

43
Q

What should a pilot know for any Takeoff/Landings into Crosswind?

A

The Aircraft’s maximum Crosswind Component.

44
Q

On Approach, a decrease in Headwind Component will affect the Aircraft in what way? And how does a pilot counteract this (2)?

A
  • Decrease in Airspeed which will increase the Rate of Descent and could cause the Aircraft to undershoot the runway.
  • A Pilot should add power to correct the Rate of Descent.
45
Q

On Approach, an increase in Headwind Component will affect the Aircraft in what way? And how does a pilot counteract this (2)?

A
  • Increase in Airspeed which will decrease the Rate of Descent and could cause the Aircraft to overshoot the runway.
  • A Pilot should reduce power to correct the Rate of Descent.
46
Q

What is Undershoot Shear?

A

Undershooting the Runway due to a decrease in Headwind Component.

47
Q

What is Overshoot Shear?

A

Overshooting the Runway due to an increase in Headwind Component.

48
Q

What is the outcome of Ground Effect during Takeoffs?

A

Decrease in Lift and Increase in Drag.

49
Q

What is the outcome of Ground Effect during Landings?

A

Increase in Lift and decrease in Drag.

PPL Course - (1) First Solo (31 decks)

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