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PPL Course - (1) First Solo > Chapter 7.1 - An Introduction to Navigation > Flashcards

Chapter 7.1 - An Introduction to Navigation Flashcards

1
Q

Which clock is used in Aviation?

A

24 Hour Clock.

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2
Q

What does UTC stand for?

A

Coordinated Universal Time.

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3
Q

What are the 3 Local Standard times used in Australia?

A
  • Western Standard Time (WST).
  • Central Standard Time (CST).
  • Eastern Standard Time (EST).
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4
Q

What is the format for International Standard Dates?

A

3 pairs of digits = YYMMDD.

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5
Q

How would you write 23rd August 2015 in International Standard Date format?

A

150823.

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6
Q

What is the format for Date/Time for International Standards?

A

6 pairs of digits = YYMMDDHHMMSS.

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7
Q

How would you write 8:34pm on 19th July 2010 in International Standard Date/Time format?

A

100719203400.

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8
Q

Express the six-figure format used for Date/Time for Navigation and Flight Planning?

A

DDHHMM.

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9
Q

How would you write 2:23pm on 3rd May 2017 for Navigation and Flight Planning purposes?

A

031423.

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10
Q

What format is used to express Date/Time in NOTAMs?

A

MMDDHHMM.

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11
Q

What are Cardinal Directions?

A
  • North.
  • South.
  • East.
  • West.
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12
Q

What is used in Aviation instead of Cardinal Directions?

A

3 digit number for directional reference.

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13
Q

What is True North?

A

The directions of the Geographic North Pole.

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14
Q

What is Magnetic North?

A

The direction of the Magnetic North Pole.

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15
Q

What is the term for the difference in measurement between True North and Magnetic North?

A

Variation.

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16
Q

What factors can affect a Compass needle deviating from Magnetic North other than the Earth’s Magnetic Fields?

A

Metal parts which make up the Aircraft.

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17
Q

True or False. Compass North can be different to Magnetic North?

A

True.

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18
Q

What is the term used to express the difference in measurement between Compass North and Magnetic North?

A

Deviation.

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19
Q

What tool can be found in the cockpit to help a pilot make corrections needed so the Compass indicates Magnetic direction?

A

Deviation Card.

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20
Q

Heading is defined as the direction an aircraft is pointed to using which North?

A

Magnetic North.

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21
Q

Define Isogonals?

A

Places on a map with equal magnetic variation.

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22
Q

True of False. Isogonals are marked on Visual Terminal Charts (VTC)?

A

False.

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23
Q

Directions measured from a chart are usually Magnetic/True Direction?

A

True.

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24
Q

In Light Aircrafts, what should a pilot do before using charts as a Steering Reference when Navigating?

A

Convert the True Directions to Magnetic Directions depending on Variation.

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25
Q

What’s the calculation for Magnetic Direction with East Variation?

A

Direction (T) – Variation = Direction (M).

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26
Q

What’s the calculation for Magnetic Direction with West Variation?

A

Direction (T) + Variation = Direction (M).

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27
Q

What is the Horizontal Distance unit used in Navigation?

A

Nautical Mile (NM).

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28
Q

What is 1NM in M?

A

1852M.

29
Q

What distance units are used in Meteorology and Short Distances?

A

Kilometres (KM) and Metres (M).

30
Q

What Unit is used for Vertical Distance?

A

Feet (FT).

31
Q

What is the Horizontal Speed unit used in Aviation?

A

Knots (KT).

32
Q

What is the speed and direction of Wind called?

A

Wind Velocity.

33
Q

What is the Vertical Speed unit?

A

Feet per Minute (FPM).

34
Q

What is the unit used for specifying wind direction in Takeoff and Landing Reports? Also used for Heading.

A

Degrees Magnetic (°M).

35
Q

What is the unit used for specifying wind direction in Forecast Reports? Also used for Track Direction in Charts.

A

Degrees True (°T).

36
Q

What is the standard unit used for Temperature?

A

Degrees Celsius (°C).

37
Q

What is the standard unit for Atmospheric Pressure?

A

Hectopascal (hPa).

38
Q

What does PSI stand for?

A

Pounds per Square Inch.

39
Q

What does KPa stand for?

A

Kilopascals.

40
Q

What is the metric unit for Weight?

A

Kilograms (KG).

41
Q

What is the unit for Weight in US?

A

Pounds (LB)

42
Q

What is 1KG in LB?

A

2.2lb.

43
Q

What is the standard metric unit for Volume?

A

Litre (L).

44
Q

What is the standard unit for Volume in US?

A

US Gallon (GAL).

45
Q

What is 1USGAL in L?

A

3.8L.

46
Q

What does WAC stand for?

A

World Aeronautical Charts.

47
Q

Who mainly uses WACs and what information does it provide?

A
  • VFR pilots.

- Topographical and Cultural features.

48
Q

What isn’t found in WACs?

A
  • Airspace Divisions

- Restricted/Danger Areas

49
Q

What does VTC stand for?

A

Visual Terminal Charts.

50
Q

What is found in VTCs?

A

Topographical, Cultural and Aeronautical information.

51
Q

What does C LL 4500 mean on a VTC?

A

Class C Airspace Lower Limit being 4500ft.

52
Q

Class C and D Airspace in Control Areas (CTA) are shown on VTC as what?

A

Blue Boundary with Vertical Dimensions.

53
Q

Class E Airspace above 8500ft are shown on VTC as what?

A

Dashed Brown Outline.

54
Q

Lower Limited in Control Areas (CTAs) are considered to be what kind of Airspace?

A

Non-Controlled.

55
Q

Restricted/Danger Areas are shown on VTC as what?

A

Outlined in Red.

56
Q

What does Prohibited Area mean?

A

Airspace where no flying is permitted.

57
Q

What does Restricted Area mean?

A

Airspace that is restricted for special use (i.e Military Operations) and flying is not permitted.

58
Q

What does Danger Area mean?

A

Airspace which activities are dangerous for flying. For example Congested Airspace.

59
Q

True or False. To fly in a Danger Area requires approval?

A

False.

60
Q

Define Relief used in WACs and VTCs?

A

Describes the Shape and Height of the Ground.

61
Q

Define Contour Lines?

A

Set of lines joining up of equal Elevation/Height above Mean Sea Level.

62
Q

What colour are Contour Lines?

A

Brown.

63
Q

What are the intervals of Contour Lines?

A

500ft above MSL, then every 1000ft above 1000ft.

64
Q

Define Hypsometric Tints?

A

Colour used to represent Height above Mean Sea Level.

65
Q

What are the intervals and colours of Hypsometric Tints in WACs (3)?

A
  • 0 (AMSL) – 2000ft = Light Green.
  • 2000ft – 5000ft = Light Brown.
  • 5000ft+ = Hachured Purple
66
Q

How many Hypsometric Tints are used in VTCs and their intervals?

A

Six Tints from 500ft and onwards to 5500ft.

67
Q

Define Spot Heights?

A

Reference to isolated peaks higher than the surrounding terrain.

68
Q

How are Spot Heights identified on WACs and VTCs?

A

Measured in feet above Mean Seal Level with a Black Dot indicated Height.

69
Q

How can a pilot identify itself on a Chart?

A

By using the Heading of an aircraft.

PPL Course - (1) First Solo (31 decks)

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