Chapter 8.1

Question 1

what is motivation

Answer 1

motivation is the condition responsible for variations in intensity. persistence quality and direction of ongoing behavior.

Question 2

instincts

Answer 2

the first idea of motivation came from instincts. instincts is an inborn tendency that are thought to direct behavior. as well as instincts, needs are thought to be inborn and universally present in humans.

Question 3

What are drives

Answer 3

drives are the non-human equivalent of needs and motives.

Question 4

what is the behaviorist approach.

Answer 4

the behaviorist approach placed the emphasis for behavior directly on the environment rather than on any other internal needs or instincts

Question 5

what is field theory?

Answer 5

field theory is also known as group dynamics. And it proposes that various forces in the psychological environment interact and combine to yield a final course of action.

Question 6

metaphors for motivation: the person as a machine.

Answer 6

the person as machine metaphor is that people’s behavior/actions are reflexive and involuntary and are performed without conscious awareness.

Question 7

the person as science metaphor for motivation.

Answer 7

the person as science suggests that people are active information gatherers and analysts who seek knowledge and understanding as a way of mastering their environment.