Chapter 8: Journee 10 August, September Massacres, Elections Leading To The National Convention

Question 1

Who marched to the Tuileries palace on 10 Aug 1792?

Answer 1

20,000 sans-culottes
2,000 federes
Some radical National Guards

Question 2

What did the careful planning of the journee of 10 Aug 1792 allow for?

Answer 2

Both sides well armed

Question 3

Who defended the the palace on the 10 Aug 1792?

Answer 3

Loyal National Guardsmen
Some gendarmes
Some Swiss guards

Question 4

Where was Louis convinced to hide during the journee of 10 Aug 1792?

Answer 4

The Assembly

Question 5

How was the mob able to easily surge into the courtyard on 10 Aug 1792?

Answer 5

Many National Guards defected upon seeing mob

Question 6

What triggered the start of the 2-hour battle?

Answer 6

one shot fired

Question 7

How many sans-cullotes & federes were killed on 10 Aug 1792?
How many of the Swiss Gurd were killed?

Answer 7

Nearly 1,000
Nearly all

Question 8

What were the immediate effects of the journee of 10 Aug 1792?

Answer 8

King & fam removed & taken to Temple prison
King temporality suspended
Active & passive ended

Question 9

After the journee of 10 Aug 1792, what was promised?

Answer 9

Convention, elected by all men over 25

Question 10

Who was made Minister of Justice after the journee of 10 Aug 1792?

Answer 10

Danton, a sans-culottes favourite

Question 11

Why was a committee of ministers set up after the journee of 10 Aug 1792?
By who?

Answer 11

To take executive power until new elections
Danton, Minister of Justice

Question 12

What were the laws that Louis vetoed that were immediately put into force after the creation of the committee of ministers?

Answer 12

Special tribunal court to prosecute traitors
Refractory priests banished

Question 13

Who was against the actions taken after the journee of 10 Aug 1792?
What did he attempt to do?

Answer 13

Lafayette
Bid to restore const
Gained little support
Fled
Defected to Austrians

Question 14

What created panic leading up to the September Massacres?

Answer 14

Enemy advances: Longwy fallen
Verdum under siege
Duke of Brunswick 2 weeks form Paris
Rising in the Vendee (200 killed)

Question 15

To reduce panic before the September Massacres, Danton authorised house searches, what for?

Answer 15

weapons hidden by the ill disposed

Question 16

When did Dandon launch a levee?
What did this do?

Answer 16

2 September 1792, before Sep massacres
enforced conscription on pain of death

Question 17

What did the September Massacres consist of?

Answer 17

Started 2 September
5 days of frenzied killing
1,000-1,500 prisoners in the Parisian goals massacred

Question 18

Who was targeted during the September Massacres?

Answer 18

All prisoners
Refectory priests
Political prisoners
Ordinary criminals
Monks, nuns, priests

Question 19

Who were the perpetrators during the September Massacres?

Answer 19

Federes
Sans-culottes

Question 20

What was the Legislative Assembly’s response to the September Massacres?

Answer 20

They did nothing to stop it

Question 21

What was the outcome of the September Massacres abroad?

Answer 21

Confirmed fears of dangers of popular revolution

Question 22

What was the effect of the September Massacres on the political groups?

Answer 22

Girondins blame Jacobins for indicting the violence
Increased split

Question 23

What was the effect of the September Massacres on the balance of power?

Answer 23

Assembly & authorities were weak
Popularity of radical leaders increased (Danton & Robespierre)

Question 24

What was the National Convention?

Answer 24

Created after the overthrow of monarchy as an emergency government

Question 25

When were all adult males over 25 able to vote for the first time?

Answer 25

2nd stage of elections for the National Convention

Question 26

Why were none of the Girondins elected to the National Convention in Paris?
Who were chosen instead?

Answer 26

Girondins were hostile to the Paris commune
Robespierre, Danton, Marat, Desmoulins

Question 27

Who voted in the elections for the National Convention?

Answer 27

little turn out
Mostly same people who were active citizens despite it being removed

Question 28

How were the electorates to the National Convention split?

Answer 28

Girondins
The Plain (sat in the middle)
Jacobins (Montagnards)

Question 29

Who made up the Plain?

Answer 29

People who had prospered in the ‘new’ France:
Judges
Officials
Administrators
National Guard officers

Question 30

When did the New convention open?

Answer 30

20 September 1792

Question 31

What gave the new National Convention an air of optimism on 21 September 1792?

Answer 31

News French army won a victory at Valmy