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Abnormal Psychology > Chapter 8- Eating and Sleep Wake > Flashcards

Chapter 8- Eating and Sleep Wake Flashcards

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1
Q

Binge-Eating

A

Brief episode of uncontrolled, excessive consumption of food or alcohol

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2
Q

Purging methods

A

Vomiting, diuretics, laxatives, and enemas

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3
Q

Amenorrhea

A

Lack of menstruation

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4
Q

Bulimia Nervosa

A

Recurrent binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors while maintaining normal weight
Two types- Purging and non-purging
Self-worth is tied to weight and appearance
High anxiety and mood comorbidities

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5
Q

Bulimia consequences

A

Enlarged salivary glands
Erode enamel
Tear esophagus
electrolyte imbalances

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6
Q

Anorexia Nervosa

A

Intense fear of obesity and gaining weight that results in dramatic weight loss and low body weight with disturbed body image
Two types- Restrictive and purging
Associated with depression, anxiety, OCD, and substance abuse

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7
Q

Anorexia Consequences

A

Amenorrhea, dry skin, brittle hair and nails, cold sensitivity
Lanugo- Hair on limbs and cheeks
Cardiovascular problems

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8
Q

Binge-Eating Disorder

A

Distress from binge-eating without compensatory behavior
Concern about weight and appearance

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9
Q

Eating Disorder Statistics

A

Majority women, onset in adolescence
Men have more binge-eating
Chronic conditions
Associated with western beauty standards and developmental changes

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10
Q

Social Dimensions of Eating Disorders

A

Buying into beauty standards
Women- Thinness
Men- Big and muscular
Dieting
Family and direct societal pressures
Preoccupation with food

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11
Q

Biological Dimensions of Eating Disorders

A

Some genetic factors
Hypothalamus and Serotonin System
Hormone levels with menstruation
Serves to maintain disorder rather than cause

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12
Q

Psychological Dimensions of Eating Disorders

A

Associated with low confidence and self esteem
Associated with high perfectionism and poor coping
Preoccupied with perception

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13
Q

Eating Disorder Treatment

A

Use Cognitive Therapy to restore healthy weight followed by education about consequences of disorder and treatment of dysfunctional thoughts about body and self worth

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14
Q

Prevention of Eating Disorders

A

Target negative behaviors to change before disorder develops

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15
Q

Obesity

A

BMI of over 30
Not eating disorder
Associated with increased mortality

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16
Q

Disordered Eating Patterns

A

Binge-eating
Night eating syndrome

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17
Q

Night eating syndrome

A

Third of daily food intake is after evening meal and get out of bed to snack; Do not usually eat breakfast

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18
Q

Causes of obesity

A

Modernization- High caloric foods with sedentary lifestyle
Mediated by genetics, physiology, and personality

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19
Q

Obesity Treatments

A

1) Self-directed weight loss
2) Commercially directed weight loss
3) Professionally directed behavior modification programs
Other:
Appetite restricting drugs
Bariatric Surgery

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20
Q

Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep

A

Dreams occur but no bodily activity

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21
Q

Dyssomnias

A

Trouble in getting to bed and quality of sleep

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22
Q

Parasomnias

A

Abnormal behavioral and physiological events during sleep

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23
Q

Polysomnographic (PSG) Evaluation

A

Sleep assessment with variety of measures
Electroencephalogram (EEG)- Measure brain waves
Electrooculogram- Measure eye movements
Electromyogram- Measure muscle movements
Electrocardiogram (EKG)- Measure heart rhythm

24
Q

Actigraph

A

Record arm movement during sleep

25
Q

Sleep Efficiency

A

Percentage of time actually spent asleep out of time trying to sleep

26
Q

Microsleeps

A

Seconds-long periods of sleep in sleep deprived patients

27
Q

Insomnia Disorder

A

Lack of sleep that interferes with functioning

28
Q

Primary insomnia

A

Difficulty initiating, maintaining, or gaining from sleep
Causes- Sleep apnea, periodic limb movement disorder, and sleep stress

29
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

Obstructed nighttime breathing

30
Q

Periodic Limb Movement Disorder

A

Excessive jerky leg movements

31
Q

Sleep Stress

A

Events that negatively impact sleep

32
Q

Rebound insomnia

A

Worsened sleep quality after cessation of sleeping medications

33
Q

Hypersomnolence Disorders

A

Disorders of excessive sleep

34
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Sudden and irresistible sleep attacks

35
Q

Cataplexy

A

Sudden loss of muscle tone

36
Q

Sleep paralysis

A

Inability to move or speak upon waking

37
Q

Hypnagogic Hallucinations

A

Vivid, terrifying experience at start of sleep with tactile sensations

38
Q

Breathing-Related Sleep Disorders

A

Excessive sleepiness or insomnia caused by a breathing problem

39
Q

Hypoventilation

A

Labored breathing

40
Q

Sleep attacks

A

Falling asleep during the day without resting

41
Q

Obstructive sleep apnea

A

Airflow stops but respiratory system continues

42
Q

Central sleep apnea

A

Respiratory system completely stops

43
Q

Suprachiasmic Nucleus

A

Brain area in hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm

44
Q

Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders

A

Sleep disturbances caused by an inability to synch sleep patterns to day-night cycle

45
Q

Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders Examples

A

Jet lag
Shift-work
Delayed sleep phase- “Night owls”
Advanced sleep phase
Irregular sleep-wake type- Wildly varied sleep schedule
Non-24 hour type

46
Q

Melatonin

A

Hormone involved in regulating sleep

47
Q

Phase therapies

A

Changing bedtime to treat insomnia

48
Q

Phototherapy

A

Bright light for circadian rhythm treatment

49
Q

Sleep hygiene

A

Lifestyles that impact sleep quality

50
Q

Parasomnia Examples

A

Nightmares
Disorders of arousal
Sleep walking
Sleep terrors
Nocturnal eating syndrome
Sexsomnia

51
Q

Somnambulism

A

Sleep-walking; Walking during NREM

52
Q

When do disorders of arousal occur in sleep?

A

N-REM

53
Q

Sleep terrors

A

Panic and screaming during deep sleep

54
Q

Scheduled awakenings

A

Waking child up before usual time of sleep terror to prevent them

55
Q

Nocturnal Eating Syndrome

A

Eating while fully asleep

Abnormal Psychology (19 decks)

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