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Abnormal Psychology > Chapter 1: Abnormal Behavior and History > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Abnormal Behavior and History Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychological Disorder

A

Clinically significant abnormal behavior or psychological syndrome

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2
Q

Psychological Disorder Inclusion Criteria (4)

A

Distress, Disability, Increased Risk, Atypical

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3
Q

DSM Disorder Criteria

A

Symptoms, Time Course, Distress or disability, no better explanation by drugs or medical condition

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4
Q

Psychopathology

A

The study of the nature, development, and treatment of psychological disorders

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5
Q

Clinical & Counseling Psychologist

A

Ph.D. or equivalent; Research the cause and treatment of psychological disorders; only one allowed to do testing

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6
Q

Psychiatrist

A

MD or DO; Emphasize drugs or biological treatments

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7
Q

Psychiatric Social Workers

A

Get masters degree; Focus on family situation

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8
Q

Supernatural tradition

A

Work of demons & witches; Mass hysteria; Astrological explinations

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9
Q

Biological traditon

A

Biology causes mental disorders
Major supporting case- Syphilis and general paresis
John P. Grey
Treatment methods- Shock therapy & drugs

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10
Q

Moral Therapy

A

Early 19th century movement that pushed for normal treatment of patients

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11
Q

Mental Hygiene Movement

A

Movement led by Dorthea Dix and Benjamin Rush that pushed for the ethical treatment of patients by exposing bad conditions in mental facilities

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12
Q

Psychoanalytic theory

A

Led by Frued, belief in the unconscious mind
Major Facets (3):
Structure of the mind (Id, Ego, Superego)
Defence mechanisms
Psychosexual stages of development
Treatment-Free association, dream analysis, transference

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13
Q

Behavioral Model

A

Led by Skinner and Watson
Built on Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning
Learning is based on reinforcement and punishment
Operant conditioning and systematic desensitization

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14
Q

Humanistic Theory

A

Led by Rogers and Maslow
Self-actualization
Person-centered therapy

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15
Q

Neo-Freudians

A

Horney, Framm, Erickson
Social and Interpersonal conflicts, Relationship and Identity focuses

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16
Q

Trait Theorists

A

Cattell, Eyseneck
Enduring Personality Traits

17
Q

SLT and CBT

A

Michenbaum, Beck
Learning from observation and imitation; Dispute irrational beliefs

18
Q

Diathesis-Stress Model

A

Combination of biological predisposition combined with psychosocial and environmental stresses cause mental illness

19
Q

Yearly Prevalence Rates

A

Anxiety 18% Mood 9.5% Impulse-Control 8.9% Substance Abuse 3.8%
Any 26.2%
Comorbidity 1- 14.4% 2- 5.8% 3- 6%
Mild 40.4% Moderate 37.3% Serious 22.3%

20
Q

Lifetime Prevalence Rates

A

No disorders- 52%
1 Disorder- 21%
2 Disorders- 13%
3 Disorders- 14%

21
Q

Internalizing Disorders

A

Not seen, Inward, Overcontrol
Ex- Anxiety, Depression

22
Q

Externalizing Disorders

A

Outward, under-control
Ex- ADHD, Antisocial, Conduct

23
Q

Categorical System

A

2 groups- Disorder or no disorder
Pros- Can have a wide array of disorders
Cons- Does poor job of rating severity

24
Q

Dimensional System

A

Rates different levels of disorder based on severity of impairment
Pros- Developmentally sensitive
Cons- Needs large amount of data; only few categories of condition

25
Q

DSM I

A

Glossary of descriptions of 106 categories
1950

26
Q

DSM II

A

Glossary of descriptions of 168 categories
1968
1974 reprint removes homosexuality

27
Q

DSM III

A

Added diagnostic criteria
Introduces multiaxial system
265 categories of conditions
1980

28
Q

DSM III R

A

292 categories and diagnostic criteria
1987

29
Q

DSM IV

A

Written by committees and leaders in field
Literature reviews
Data analysis and field trials
1994

30
Q

DSM IV TR

A

Revisions and additions based on new research
300+ categories
2000

31
Q

DSM 5

A

Reorganized chapters
Removed multiaxial system
2013

Abnormal Psychology (19 decks)

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