Chapter 8

Question 1

Puberty

Answer 1

Collection of physical changes that marks the onset of adolescence, including a growth spurt and growth of breasts or testes

Question 2

Primary Sex Characteristics

Answer 2

Physical signs of maturity that are directly linked to the reproductive organs

Question 3

Secondary Sex Characteristics

Answer 3

Physical signs of maturity that are not directly linked to reproductive organs

Question 4

Menarche

Answer 4

Onset of menstruation

Question 5

Spermarche

Answer 5

First spontaneous ejaculation of sperm

Question 6

Body Mass Index

Answer 6

An adjusted ratio of weight to height; used to define “overweight”

Question 7

Basal Metabolic Rate

Answer 7

The speed at which the body consumes calories

Question 8

Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 8

Persistent refusal to eat accompanied by an irrational fear of being overweight

Question 9

Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 9

Disease in which people alternate between binge eating and purging with laxatives or self-induced vomiting

Question 10

Preconventional Level

Answer 10

First level of thinking in Kohlberg’s theory, where moral reasoning is based on external forces

Question 11

Obedience Orientation

Answer 11

Characteristic of Stage 1, the belief that adults know what is right and what is wrong

Question 12

Instrumental Orientation

Answer 12

Characteristic of Stage 2, Moral reasoning is based on looking out for one’s own needs

Question 13

Conventional Level

Answer 13

Second Level of thinking, where moral reasoning is based on society’s norms

Question 14

Interpersonal Norms

Answer 14

Characteristic of Stage 3, Moral reasoning is based on gaining approval of others

Question 15

Social System Morality

Answer 15

Characteristic of Stage 4, moral reasoning is based on maintaining order of society

Question 16

Postconventional Level

Answer 16

Third Level of reasoning, morality is based on own moral code

Question 17

Social Contract

Answer 17

Characteristic of Stage 5, belief that laws are for the good of all

Question 18

Universal Ethical Principles

Answer 18

Characteristic of Stage 6, belief that moral principles apply to all