Chapter 1 Flashcards
Nature v. Nurture
The degree to which genetic of hereditary influences and experiential influences determine the person
Continuity v. Discontinuity Issue
Concerns whether a particular developmental phenomenon represents a smooth progression throughout the life span [con] or a series of abrupt shifts [dis]
Universal v. Context-Specific Development Issue
Whether there is one path of development or several paths
Biopsychosocial Framework
Useful way to organize the biological, psychological, and sociocultural forces on human development
4 Forces Affecting Development
Biological- genetic
Psychological- percep, cog, emot
Sociocultural- interpersonal & ethnic
Life-Cycle Forces- differences in peps at ages
Neuroscience
Study of the brain and nervous system, especially in terms of brain behavoir relations
Theory
An organized set of ideas that is designed to explained development
Psychodynamic Theories
Theories proposing that development is largely determined by how well people resolve conflicts they face at different ages
Psychosocial Theory
Erikson’s proposal that personality development is determined by the interaction of an internal maturational plan and external societal demands
Epigenetic Principle
In Erikson’s theory, the idea that each psychosocial strength has its own special period of particular importance
Operant Conditioning
Learning paradigm in which the consequences of a behavior determine whether a behavior is repeated in the future
Reinforcement
A consequence that increase the future likelihood of the behavior that it follows
Punishment
A consequence that decrease the future likelihood that it follows
Imitation
Observational Learning; Learning that occurs by simply watching how others behave
Self-Efficacy
People’s beliefs about their own abilities and talents
