Chapter 16 Flashcards
Thanatology
The study of death, dying, grief, bereavement, and social attitudes toward these issues
Clinical Death
Lack of a heart beat and respiration
Whole-Brain Death
Declared only when when the deceased meets eight criteria established in 1981
Persistent Vegetative State
Situation in which a person’s cortical functioning ceases while brain stem activity continues
Bioethics
Study of the interface between human values and technological advances in health and life sciences
Euthanasia
The practice of ending a life for reason of mercy
Active Euthanasia
The deliberate ending of someone’s life
Passive Euthanasia
Allowing someone to die by withholding treatment
Physician-Assisted Suicide
Process in which physicians provide dying patients with a fatal dose of medication that the patient self-administers
Do Not Resuscitate Order
(DNR) A medical order that means that cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is not started should one’s heart and breathing stop
Living Will
A document in which a person states their wishes about life support and other treatments
Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care
A document in which an individual appoints someone to act as their agent for health care decisions
Death Anxiety
People’s anxiety or even fear of death and dying
Terror Management Theory
Addresses the issue of why people engage in certain behaviors to achieve particular psychological states based on their deeply rooted concerns about mortality
End-of -Life Issues
Issues pertaining to the management of the final phase of life, after death dispositions of the body and memorial services, and distribution of assets
Final Scenario
Making one’s choices known about how they do and do not want their lives to end
Hospice
An approach to assisting dying people that emphasizes pain management, or palliative, and death with dignity
Palliative Care
Care that is focused on providing relief from pain from pain and other symptoms of disease at any point during the disease process
Bereavement
The state or condition caused by loss through death
Grief
The sorrow, hurt, guilt, anger, confusion, and other feelings that arise after suffering a loss
Mourning
The ways in which we express our grief
Anticipatory Grief
Grief that is experienced during the period before an expected death occurs that supposedly serves to buffer the impact of the loss when it does come and to facilitate recovery
Grief Work
The psychological side of coming to terms with bereavement
Anniversary Reaction
Changes in behavior related to feelings of sadness on the anniversary date of loss
Four-Component Model
Model for understanding grief that is based on 1) the context of the loss; 2) continuation of subjective meaning associated with loss; 3) changing representations of the lost relationship over time; 4) the role of coping and emotion-regulation processes
Grief Work as Rumination Hypothesis
An Approach that not only rejects the necessity of grief processing for recovery from loss, but views extensive grief processing as a form of rumination that may actually increase distress
Duel Process Model
View of coping with bereavement that integrates loss-oriented stressors and restoration-oriented stressors
Complicated or Prolonged Grief Disorder
Expression of grief which is distinguished from depression and from normal grief in terms of separation distress and traumatic distress
Separation Distress
Expression of complicated or prolonged grief disorder that includes preoccupation with the deceased to the point that it interferes with everyday , upsetting memories of deceased, longing and searching for the deceased and isolation
Traumatic Distress
Expression of complicated or prolonged grief disorder that includes disbelief about the death; mistrust, anger, and detachment from others as a result of the death; feeling shocked by the death; and the experience of physical presence of the deceased
