Chapter 7 Flashcards
Authoritarian Parenting
High levels of control, low levels of warmth
Authoritative Parenting
Moderate control, high levels of warmth
Permissive Parenting
High levels of warm, low levels of control
Uninvolved Parenting
Low levels of warmth, low levels of control
Direct Instruction
Telling a child what to do, when, and why
Counterimitation
Learning what should not be done by observing the behavior
Reinforcement
Consequences that increase the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated in the future
Punishment
Applying an aversive stimulus or removing an attractive stimulus
Negative Reinforcement Trap
Unwittingly reinforcing a behavior you want to discourage
Time-Out
Punishment that involves removing children who are misbehaving from a situation to a quiet, unstimulating environment
Joint Custody
When both parents retain legal custody of their children following divorce
Blended Family
Family consisting of a biological parent, a stepparent, and children
Ego Resilience
A person’s ability to respond adaptively and resourcefully to new situations
Friendship
Voluntary relationship between two people involving mutual liking
Clique
Small group of friends who are similar in age, sex, and race
Co-Rumination
Conversations about one’s personal problems, common among adolescent girls
Crowd
Large group including many cliques that have similar attitudes and values
Dominance Hierarchy
Ordering of individuals within a group in which members with lower status defer to those with greater status
Popular Children
Children who are liked by many classmates
Rejected Children
As applied to children’s popularity children who are disliked by many classmates
Controversial Children
As applied to children’s popularity children who are intensely liked or disliked by classmates
Average Children
As applied by children’s popularity children who are liked or disliked by different classmates, but with relatively little intensity
Neglected Children
As applied by children’s popularity children who are ignored, neither liked or disliked, by their classmates
Instrumental Aggression
Aggression used to achieve an explicit goal
Hostile Aggression
Unprovoked aggression that seems to have the sole goal of intimidating, harassing, or humiliating another child
Recursive Thinking
Thoughts that focus on what another person is thinking
Prejudice
A view of other people, usually negative, that is based on their membership in a specific group
