Chapter 7

Question 1

Authoritarian Parenting

Answer 1

High levels of control, low levels of warmth

Question 2

Authoritative Parenting

Answer 2

Moderate control, high levels of warmth

Question 3

Permissive Parenting

Answer 3

High levels of warm, low levels of control

Question 4

Uninvolved Parenting

Answer 4

Low levels of warmth, low levels of control

Question 5

Direct Instruction

Answer 5

Telling a child what to do, when, and why

Question 6

Counterimitation

Answer 6

Learning what should not be done by observing the behavior

Question 7

Reinforcement

Answer 7

Consequences that increase the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated in the future

Question 8

Punishment

Answer 8

Applying an aversive stimulus or removing an attractive stimulus

Question 9

Negative Reinforcement Trap

Answer 9

Unwittingly reinforcing a behavior you want to discourage

Question 10

Time-Out

Answer 10

Punishment that involves removing children who are misbehaving from a situation to a quiet, unstimulating environment

Question 11

Joint Custody

Answer 11

When both parents retain legal custody of their children following divorce

Question 12

Blended Family

Answer 12

Family consisting of a biological parent, a stepparent, and children

Question 13

Ego Resilience

Answer 13

A person’s ability to respond adaptively and resourcefully to new situations

Question 14

Friendship

Answer 14

Voluntary relationship between two people involving mutual liking

Question 15

Clique

Answer 15

Small group of friends who are similar in age, sex, and race

Question 16

Co-Rumination

Answer 16

Conversations about one’s personal problems, common among adolescent girls

Question 17

Crowd

Answer 17

Large group including many cliques that have similar attitudes and values

Question 18

Dominance Hierarchy

Answer 18

Ordering of individuals within a group in which members with lower status defer to those with greater status

Question 19

Popular Children

Answer 19

Children who are liked by many classmates

Question 20

Rejected Children

Answer 20

As applied to children’s popularity children who are disliked by many classmates

Question 21

Controversial Children

Answer 21

As applied to children’s popularity children who are intensely liked or disliked by classmates

Question 22

Average Children

Answer 22

As applied by children’s popularity children who are liked or disliked by different classmates, but with relatively little intensity

Question 23

Neglected Children

Answer 23

As applied by children’s popularity children who are ignored, neither liked or disliked, by their classmates

Question 24

Instrumental Aggression

Answer 24

Aggression used to achieve an explicit goal

Question 25

Hostile Aggression

Answer 25

Unprovoked aggression that seems to have the sole goal of intimidating, harassing, or humiliating another child

Question 26

Recursive Thinking

Answer 26

Thoughts that focus on what another person is thinking

Question 27

Prejudice

Answer 27

A view of other people, usually negative, that is based on their membership in a specific group