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Dynamics of Health Care > chapter 8 > Flashcards

chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a bronchoscopy

A

medical procedure in which a bronchoscope is inserted through the nose or mouth, and through the throat to observe the lungs

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2
Q

what is chest physiotherapy

A

refers to several physical techniques utilized to improve lung function and respiratory muscles by draining lung secretions

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3
Q

what is holistic

A

treatment of the mind and body, comprising physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects

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4
Q

what is modality

A

a therapeutic agent utilized to treat a disorder, such as surgery or ultrasound

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5
Q

what is polysomnography

A

a sleep study or test that records brain waves, oxygen levels, heart rate, and breathing to study and diagnose sleep disorders

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6
Q

what is respiratory therapy

A

examine and treat individuals with breathing and cardiopulmonary disorders, for example, emphysema and asthma

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7
Q

what is spirometry

A

a medical procedure in which the patient breathes into a small machine (spirometer) to enable the doctor to assess the quantity of air inhaled, the quantity of air exhaled, and lung function

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8
Q

what does a PT do

A

assist those who have been injured or in pain from a disabling condition to recover and improve in activities of the daily living

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9
Q

who does a PT treat

A 
low-back pain
arthritis 
cerebral palsy 
broken bones 
torn rotator cuff
spinal cord injuries
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10
Q

when did PT begin

A

began during World War 1 for rehabilitation of wounded U.S soldiers

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11
Q

what happens in 1917 for PT

A

surgeon general army established the reconstruction aids

- aides continued to work with veterans in the civilian sector or hospitals

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12
Q

what happened in 1921 for PT

A

reconstruction aids formed the American Women’s Physical Therapeutic Association or the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA)

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13
Q

what happened in 1940-1950-1960s for PT

A

demand for therapists increased to meet needs of servicemen and polio victims

  • war resulted in physical therapist programs that people entered profession through federally-funded programs
  • polio epidemics resulted in the national foundation for infantile paralysis- March of Dimes

in the 1960’s → polio disappeared after development of the Salk and Sabin vaccines

  • physical therapy shifted to treatment of other conditions
  • 1968 → congress authorized outpatient physical therapy services for medicare program which boosted physical therapy demand
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14
Q

describe the history of PT state licensing

A

state licensing began in 1910

  • intensified during the 1950s
  • end of decade → 45 states enacted license
  • 1954 → APTA worked with the Professional Examination Service and developed a competency exam
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15
Q

describe the education requirements for a PT

A

master’s degree from physical therapy program but is moving towards a doctoral degree

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16
Q

who accredits PT programs? How long do they take

A

Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy (CAPTE)

  • masters = 2-2.5 yr
  • doctoral = 3 yr
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17
Q

Describe licensure for PT

A

need to pass NPTE or National Physical Therapy Examination

administered by
Federation of State boards of Physical Therapy (FSBPT)

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18
Q

describe certification for PT

A

by American Board of Physical therapy Specialists (ABPTS)

in

  • cardiovascular and clinical electrophysiology
  • geriatrics
  • neurology
  • orthopedics
  • pediatrics
  • sports
  • women’s health

need 2000 hours of direct patient care

  • 25% in past 3 years
  • re certification needs 2000 per year
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19
Q

What are the work responsibilities of PT

A 
review medical history
physical tests to evaluate ability and condition
development treatment plans 
manual therapy 
monitor progress
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20
Q

why is the PT occupation growing? (5)

A
  • ease of service restrictions by insurers
  • rising population of older adults
  • need of trauma victims and infants with birth defects
  • treatment of untreatable conditions
  • the Individuals with disabilities Education Act
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21
Q

Who is the professional organization of physical therapy

A

APTA - American Physical Therapy Association

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22
Q

Briefly describe a physical therapy assistant

A

carries out treatment plan

work under physical therapist

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23
Q

why did PTA develop

A

expansion of physical therapy profession after WW2

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24
Q

what happened in 1950s? Why

regarding PTA

A

PTAs were officially trained

- as 1/3 of PTs spend time on tasks that PTAs could do

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25
Q

What was approved in 1967

regarding PTA

A

APTA formed a committee to develop a policy for PTAs

  • CAPTE set program accreditation standards
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26
Q

When did PTA programs grow

A

1970 to 1990

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27
Q

what is the education requirement for PTA

A

associates degree from CAPTE accredited

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28
Q

How many hours of clinical experience do PTAs need for education

A

520 to 720

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29
Q

describe licensure, registration, or certification for PTA

A

most states require one of the three

  • pass NPTE exam
  • may pass state exam
  • licensure through FSBPT
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30
Q

what are work responsibilities of PTA

A 
carry out treatment plans
assist patients 
massage tissue, use intervention, administer therapy
measure height, weight, length, girth 
conduct gait and static training
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31
Q

Why is PTA growing

A

due to work in new facilities and outpatient care centers

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32
Q

What is the PTAs professional organization

A

the APTA

the National Assembly = own representative organization

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33
Q

What is an occupational therapist

A

regain, develop, and master everyday skills to function better

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34
Q

Who are an occupational therapists patients

A 
injured
ill
stroke patients
depressed
alzheimer's 
disabilities (cerebral palsy)
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35
Q

Why were OTs formed

A

based on the idea that purposeful activity will improve physical and mental health

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36
Q

what is the foundation of OT

A

moral health

- a term that refers to mental illness in the 18th and 19th centuries

37
Q

Who is George Edward Barton

A

disabled architect who opened up schools and workshops

- helped patients recover from injury and illness

38
Q

What did Barton do in 1917

A

invited 5 people to form the ‘National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy’
- turned into the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA)

39
Q

what did Barton define occupations to include (4)

A

crafts
vocational work
healthful habit
graded physical exercise

40
Q

what can OTs specialize in

A 
physical rehabilitation
mental health
pediatric practice
gerontology
mobility
environmental modification 
feeding, eating, swallowing 
low vision
41
Q

What happened in 1973 (OT)

A

Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Independent Living Movement
- allowed those with disabilities to move more readily into the real word

42
Q

what happened in 2002 (OT)

A

AOTA adopted a practice framework putting occupation at core of practice

43
Q

What was the AOTAs first action

A

U.S military hires 5000 construction aids for soldiers

  • due to organized medicine and benefits of occupational therapy for patients
  • 1935 = AMA accredits OT programs
44
Q

What is the education requirement for OT

A

minimum of master’s degree

- may get doctoral degree

45
Q

Who accredits OT programs

A

Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education (ACOTE)

46
Q

Describe licensure and certification of OT

A

licensure is necessary

  • renew every 3 years
  • need 36 PDUs (professional dev. unit)

certification by NBCOT or National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy

  • becomes OTR (Occupational Therapist Registered)
  • renewed every 5 years
47
Q

What are work responsibilities of OTs

A 
screen individuals to determine need of therapy
gather and analyze patient data 
administer tests 
develop intervention plan 
design, build, modify equipment 
evaluate workspace 
document progress
write progress notes
48
Q

why are OTs growing (2)

A

elderly population

medical advances enabling patients with critical problems to survive

49
Q

what are the professional organizations of occupational therapists

A

AOTA

The American Occupational Therapy Foundation
- operates Pi Theta Epsilon (nhs for occupational therapy students)

50
Q

what is an OTA

A

work under direction of OT

work directly with clients to carry out intervention plans

51
Q

Describe the history of OTA

A

1950s = shortage of occupational therapists after WW2

1958 = AOTA established OTA programs
approximately 3 months long

52
Q

what is the education of OTA

A

two years associates degree

53
Q

describe certification of OTA

A
  • optional cert. by passing NBCOT exam (National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy)
  • earn COTA (certified occupational therapy assistant)
  • reviewed every 5 years with
    - 20,000 hours of experience
    - 600 hours of providing services to
    clients
54
Q

describe licensure of OTA

A

renewed every 3 years

- need 36 PDUs

55
Q

What are the work responsibilities of OTA

A

execute intervention plan
screen for visual perception and touch awareness
write progress notes and final summary

56
Q

why are OTAs growing (2)

A

OTs need assistance

growing school age population and funding for education with those with disabilities

57
Q

who is the professional organization of OTA

A

AOTA

american occupational therapy association

58
Q

what is a respiratory therapist

A

treatment of patients with breathing and cardiopulmonary disorder

59
Q

describe the 20th century (respiratory therapist)

A
  • use oxygen to treat patients with cardiopulmonary disorders
60
Q

what happened after ww2 for respiratory therapist

A

oxygen therapy becomes complex

- oxygen orderlies deliver oxygen therapy

61
Q

what was the first respiratory therapy organizaiton

A

Inhalation Therapy Association

- renamed American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC)

62
Q

what happened in 1954 for respiratory therapists

A

New York State Society of Anesthesiologists and Medical Society of the State of New York formed a joint committee
- set guidelines for inhalation therapy schools

63
Q

describe the education of a respiratory therapist

A

associate’s degree

- masters and bachelor’s are recommended

64
Q

Who accredits respiratory therapy programs

A

CoARC

Commission on Accreditation for respiratory Care

65
Q

what special skill do respiratory therapists have

A

polysomnography

- sleep disorders

66
Q

describe licensure for respiratory therapist

A

renewed 1-3 years
requires continuing education

licensing after certification from ‘National Board of Respiratory Care (NBRC)’

67
Q

what are the four respiratory therapist credentials

describe renewal

A

certified respiratory therapist (CRT)

  • take exam within 30 days of graduation
  • certificate of completion

registered respiratory therapist (RRT)

  • graduate form accredited advanced program
  • certification of completion
  • required for supervisory positions

neonatal/pediatric specialist (CRT-NPS or RRT-NPS)

  • accredited program with sleep track
  • practicing with 6 month CRT or 3 month RRT

must be renewed every 5 years

  • complete 30 hours of CE
  • pass exam
68
Q

What are the work responsibilities of respiratory therapists

A

provide respiratory care for patients with lung and heart disorders

perform diagnostic tests and manage respiratory care

administer oxygen and aerosol medications

chest physiotherapy

check lung sounds

analyze oxygenation level of arterial blood and monitor arterial blood gas

69
Q

what can respiratory therapists specialize in (7)

A 
continuing and long-term care 
critical care
diagnostics 
disease management 
home care 
pediatrics 
pulmonary rehabilitation
70
Q

why are RT growing (3)

A

elderly population
advance in inhalable medications
treatment for new populations

71
Q

What is the professional organization for RTs

A

American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC)

72
Q

What is a massage therapist

A

uses manipulation of muscles and soft tissues to maintain and improve health

73
Q

what are 3 statistics of massages

A

1 in 5 adults have 1 massage per year (at least)

1 in 4 individuals use massage for pain relief

69% of massage therapists receive referrals

74
Q

why and where was massage therapy used

A

to heal and maintain and improve health

china, india, egypt

75
Q

How did the Greeks use massage

A

athletes receive massages before and after competition

- bathing process

76
Q

How did the Romans use massag

A

to treat sprains and dislocations-

- bathing process

77
Q

Describe massage in the United States

A

gained population in the 1800s

  • Dr.George H. Taylor incorporated it into natural approach to HC
  • promoted swedish massage developed by Per Henrik Ling
78
Q

What did Per Henrik Ling do

A

develop a system of exercise that included massage to promote health and treat joint/muscle problems

79
Q

describe massage in the 19th and 20th centuries

A

19th = John Harvey Kellogg started health food movement

20th = massage declined due to scientific and tech. advances
- but 1927 = first professional organization for massage was founded

80
Q

What happened in 1960s and 1970s for massage

A

regained popularity among athletes and members of counterculture movement
- for holistic method

81
Q

where does massage come from (2)

A

indian ayurvedic massage

swedish masage

82
Q

where are massage therapists profiled

A

National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine of the National Institute of Health

83
Q

What are the education requirements for massage therapist

A

formal training program with hands on practice and particular modalities

national certification exam + state exam

ceritifcation exam NCBTMB or National Certification Board for Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork

  • renewed every 4 years
  • 200 horus of work and 48 CE
84
Q

Who accredits massage therapists

A

Commission on Massage Therapy Accreditation (COMTA)

- 500+ hour programs

85
Q

what states do not regulate massage therapy

A

idaho

wyoming

86
Q

who offers massage therapy licensure

A

Federation of State Massage Therapy Boards (FSMTB)

87
Q

What are work responsibilities of massage therapist

A

press, rub, and manipulate tissues and muscles

use strokes of different directions, lengths, rates, rhythms, and pressure

draw deep on modalities

begin with interview and client history

88
Q

Why are massage therapists growing (5)

A

more people learning about massage benefits

formation of more spas and franchises

companies adopted seated massage

elderly people

increased demand for massage among younger adults

89
Q

Who are the professional organizations for massage thearpy

A

AMTA or American Massage Therapy Association

ABMP or Associated Bodyworks and Massage Professionals

Dynamics of Health Care (21 decks)

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