chapter 14: teamwork and leadership Flashcards
What do ALL teams have in comon
made up of a group of individuals working towards a common goal
What are the 6 healthcare teams
- administrative
- medical emergency
- hospital patient care team
- physician’s office team
- dental office team
- outpatient care team
What is a team
two or more individuals organized to function cooperatively together
What does the organization of a team depend on
the purpose of the team
What three things do members of a team differ in
education
background
experiences
What are the two types of health care teams?
- One-profession team
- Multidisciplinary team
Who oversees and organizes a one profession team
the team leader or coordinator
What is a good example of a one-person team
nursing team RN oversees - registered nurses - licensed practical nurses - licensed vocational nurses - certified nursing assistants
What is a multidiscplinary team
cooperative group with members of different qualifications, skills, and areas of expertise
provide comprehensive care in healthcare
Describe a cardiac rehabilitation team members
- cardiologist
- rehabilitation nurse
- clinical social worker
- physical therapist + assistants
- occupational therapist + assistants
- registered dietitian
What are the four components of a team?
purpose
goals
member roles
functions
What are two questions to ask regarding a teams purpose
What is the reason for the team
What does it hope to accomplish?
What does a team purpose do for the team
guide all members in the right direction
determines how the team will develop
What is a healthcare teams general purpose
support and provide patient care
What must members of a team do to accomplish their goals
coordinate their actions
make decisions as a team
listen to opinions of all team members
What are the five general role of ANY team?
team leader
- define issues, set agenda, coordinate work
recorder/secretary
- record ideas and act as timekeeper
spokesperson
- maintain contact with others on behalf of group
resource
- provide knowledge and expertise on particular issues
implementer
- carry out specific activities determined by team
What are three roles that are based on personality?
reflector
- observes group process while participating in team activities to provide insight
optimist
- positive attitude to encourage others to find solutions
skeptic
- review ideas for potential problems
What are team functions
activities that the team members must carry out to meet the team’s goals
What does how well a team member performs their functions have a direct impact on
- other members
- team goals
- patient’s care
What does effective teamwork depend on
open and honest communication
organizational resources
mutual support
understanding and recognizing the role and function of each team member
What are four criteria in preparing team meetings?
- set meeting time and place in advance
- choose a day and time when all members are available
- schedule the meeting for the same day and time so they become a regular part of each member’s schedule
- distribute an agenda prior to the meeting
What are 4 ways to promote good communication
- listen with full attention
- express ideas as clearly as possible
- encourage feedback
- avoid letting negative emotions cloud communication
What can poor communication lead to
mistakes
What is the complexity of communication based on
the more people involved in the communication process results in more complex communication
What is group dynamics
how individual group members relate to one another
What does a groups success depend on
contributions by all its team members
positive group dynamics
What are the seven characteristics of effective and ineffective groups
- group identity
- cohesiveness
- communication
- decision making
- responsibility
- leadership
- power
Describe group identity (effective and ineffective)
EFFECTIVE: group members value the clearly defined goals
INEFFECTIVE: group goals are not of great importance
Describe cohesiveness (effective and ineffective)
EFFECTIVE: group members are committed and cooperative
INEFFECTIVE: group members feel alienated and work better alone
Describe communication (effective and ineffective)
EFFECTIVE: honest and direct communication with constructive criticism
INEFFECTIVE: limited and restricted communication and discussions
Describe decision making (effective and ineffective)
EFFECTIVE: problems are identified and appropriate problem solving methods are used
INEFFECTIVE: problems build without resolution
Describe responsibility (effective and ineffective)
EFFECTIVE: strong sense of responsibility
INEFFECTIVE: little responsibility
Describe leadership (effective and ineffective)
EFFECTIVE: effective style of leadership
INEFFECTIVE: ineffective leadership
Describe power (effective and ineffective)
EFFECTIVE: of power are recognized and used appropriately
INEFFECTIVE: power is abused
What is conflict
disagreement between team members that occurs when a variety of personalities are brought together on a team
What do disputes reflect
passion that members feel for their vocation and team purpose
What are the two sources of conflict
substance
personality differences
How can substances be minimized
with open-mindedness and respectfulness
Describe conflict in a healthcare team
healthcare teams require individual work leading to limited opportunities for communication –> results in distrust and suspicion
What two things does unresolved conflict do
lower morale
threaten quality care
What are the six problem solving steps
Assess Diagnosing Creating a plan Implementing a plan Evaluating the plan Modifying the plan (if necessary)
How can the team leader prevent conflict in meetings
- encourage participation
- communication
- listening to opinions
What is leadership
the ability to influence others while working towards a vision or a goal
What can successful leaders do
direct or moivate those around them to work towards the same objective
What three things must healthcare providers do to be come a good leader
- understand the complexity of coordinated care
- remain open to different povs
- understand the interdependence of a health care team
What does the power to influence a group depend on (2)
leadership style
skills
What are the four basic leadership skills
communication
- to form interpersonal relationships
- to establish and reach goals
- for personal and professional growth
problem-solving
- for analysis of ALL sides of a problem
management
- recognize and foster unique talents and skills
- for organization
self evaluation
- assess own effectiveness and accept criticism
What is autocratic leadership
- directive leadership
- assume complete control over group
what words describe an autocratic leader
firm
self assured
dominating
What is democratic leadership
= sense of equality between the leader and other participants with shared decision making
What is Laissez-Faire leadership
non-directive leadership
- hand power to the group members
- encourage independent activity
when is Laissez-faire leadership effective
when all team members are experts with a thorough understanding of subject
Describe managers relative to leaders
leaders are not always managers
managers are always leaders
What are the four functions of managers
planning
organizing
directing
controlling
how do managers plan
- identify problems and develop goals
- develop strategies
- plans should be contingent with financial and workforce constraint
What four steps allow you to become a leader
identify your strengths
evaluate how you accomplish work
clarify your values
assume responsibility for relationships
What textbook is transactional and transformational leadership based on
- Johnson and Jackman’s Book on Leadership
What is Leadership by James McGregor Burns based on?
five levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
What is a key trait of transactional leaders (think exchange)
exchange rewards and privileges for desirable outcomes
What are the five levels of Maslows Hierarchy of needs
Which levels are transactional leaders concerned with
self actualization esteem love and belongingness safety physiological
the bottom three
- love and belongingness
- safety
- physiological
Who developed the transactional factors
Bernard Bass and Associates
What are the two bases of transactional factors
- contingent reward
- rewards for good performance - management by exception
- punishment or corrective action for not meeting standards
Who are three notable transactional leaders
bill belichick of the patriots
- coined the expression “do your job”
magneto of the X men
- task oriented
sensei johnny lawrence from Cobra Kai
- organizes dojo based on maslows hierarchy
relate transformational leadership and the hierarchy of needs
engage followers on ALL FIVE levels
How do transformational leaders empower followers to feel good or use self esteem
reinforce inner feelings of competenence, respect, and self worth
provide external feedback and recognition that supports SELF ESSTEEM
How do transformational leaders encourage self actualization
support them to become the best person they can become
What are three examples of transformational leaders
Anne Hathaway from the Intern
- young CEO who invests in her aging intern
Professor X of the X-men
- counter to Magneto
- school for gifted youngsters
Sensei Daniel LaRusso from the Karate Kid
- worked at learnt from Miyago-Do Karate
What are 5 key characteristics of transformational leaderships
creative
interactive
visionary
empowering
passionate
What is the goal of transformation leadership
transform followers into leaders
What are advantages of transactional leadership (5)
- clear structure
- achievable goals
- leads to high performance
- straightforward motivation
- efficient
What are disadvantages of transactional leadership (3)
- inflexible and rigid
- uninspiring
- limited follower engagement
What are advantages of transformational leadership (3)
- taps into higher level needs and personal motivation
- empowers and develops WHOLE person
- amazing results
What are disadvantages of transformational leadership
- complex and blurry collection of attributes
- not trainable sometimes
- charisma may be abused
What healthcare team was described in the textbook? What professionals are involved (7)
St. Elizabeth Diabetic Education Team
- registered nurse
- dietician
- physician
- optometrist
- occupational therapist
- pharmacist
- patient educator
What task does the St. Elizabeth Diabetes Education have
to research and approve the purchase of a new style of blood glucose meter to be used in the hospital
have to choose between 12 meters
How many times does the. St. Elizabeth team meet? What do they discuss
2 times a sweek
- test the product
- discuss the product
- debate the pros and cons of the product
who is the team leader of the St. Elizabeth team
the patient educator
What problems are going on with the St.Elizabeth team
- pharmacist is at least 10 minutes late every meeting
- dietiician is on a phone call every meeting
- patient educator ignores disruptive behaviors
- registered nurse told off-color joke that offended the optometrist (are not on speaking terms)
How many meters were narrowed done?
3
When did the patient educator hold a meeting
the next morning
two members were not in the office and could not attend
What happened during the final meeting
- pharmacist was half an hour late
- dietitian was on the phone
- team members debated the entire time
registered nurse said she approved 1 METER
- Optometrist said she would NEVER approve that one
unable to reach a consensus decision
