chapter 20 Flashcards
Who initially used computers in helathcare
administrators
What were computers initially used for in healthcare (4)
electronic billing statements
patient invoices
scheduling patient appointments
tracking inventory
- all reduce amount of paperwork and timw
What are nonadministrative advantages of computers in healthcare (10)
- medical data storage and access
- clinical problem solving
- data reporting
- patient monitoring
- medication dispensing
- provider and patient communication
- diagnostic tests and imaging
- lab tests and data analysis
- education
- time management
What is stored in the same unit in a desktop computer
CPU
RAM
hard drive
CD/DVD drive
What is stored in the same unit in a laptop
CPU RAM hard drive CD/DVD keyboad touchpad monitor
What are the 7 major hardware components of a computer system
CPU (central processing unit) RAM (random access memory) hard drive input devices monitor printer secondary storage systems
what is the CPU
a microprocessor
- circuitry on a silicon chip that processes information
- contains electronic and magnetic cells that read analyze and process data
- instruct computer to perform operations
What is the RAM
found in form of small modules plugged into main circuit board
- stores programs and data temporarily until information is stored on permanent device
what happens if the data in the RAM is not saved
will be lost when computer is turned off
What is a hard drive
provides storage for programs, data, files
what is the capacity of the hard drive measured in
gigabytes and terabytes
what are 6 input devices
keyboard mouse pen/stylus touch screen microphone scanner and bar coder readers
describe a keyboard
ergonomically designed keyboards avoid injury to the wrists
wireless keyboards allow to use keyboard away from computer
what does the mouse do
use optilca sensors to detect the motion of the ball on its underside
what is a pen or stylus
device that makes selections on screens or write directly onto a tablet PC
handwriting can be converted to typed text
what is a touch screen
a device allowing users to touch an ara ofthe ocmputer with their finger
what is a microphone paired with? why
speech recognition software
- allows HC workers to input information by speaking
what is a scanner or barcode reader
used to read the linear barcode of FDA approved drugs and products
- allows test results to be added to a patients file
- uses bluetooth
what is a monitor
television like device that displays text and images
what are the most popular monitors, why
flat-panel liquid crystal display (LCD)
provide protection from unauthorized viewings due to limited viewing angles
what is a printer used for
general invoices and bills correspondence schedules lab orders and results forms prescriptions
what are 4 secondary storage systems
compact disk or digital video disk (CD or DVD)
memory stick
flash drive
external hard drive
what do secondary storage systems allow for
expanded storage for a large number of medical records
what is a CD or DVD used for
the disk is inserted into a disk drive that reads the information
what is a memory stick
removable memory card that transfers information
what is a flash drive
portable storage device that plugs into the USB or universal series bus, allowing to carry data form one computer to another
what is an external hard drive
portable storage device that creates a file backup from the computer’s hard drive
- the data can then be retrieved incase the original hard drive is damaged
what two devices do hc workers primarily use
handheld devices
personal digital assistants (PDAs)
what softwares do PDAs have (4)
address book
calender
email
word processing
how do healthcare providers send information between a PDA and desktop (3)
internet
direct connection
bluetooth
what 7 tasks can PDA software be used for
- access patient charts
- use pharmacy and formulary dosing tools
- access micromedex
- download and view health journals
- view procedures you do not perform regularly
- set up virtual office
- view financial information
what is electronic mail or email used for in healthcare (4)
enhanced communication
promoted teamwork
eliminate the phone tag
provide written documentation of messages
what four rules should you follow when emailing at work
use office emails for work-related messages
chain letters and inappropriate emails should not be forwarded
email messages should be professional
email’s encryption features should remain active
what is word processing
electronic creation and editing of documents on a computer
what is extremely important in word processing
proper spelling
proper use of terminology and abbreviations
what is recommended when word processing
added a medical dictionary
verifying spell checks spelling
how can you ensure that research is legimiate
use websites from trusted sources
e.g. NIH website
use proper browsers
- PubMed
- OmniMedicalSearch
why are keywords important in researching
limits number of responses or hits
how do you use key words
put key words in quotation marks
how can healthcare professionals avoid invasion of patients privacy with computers (6)
- do not give passwords or access codes to anyone
- do not leave computer terminal unattended
- never create change or delete records unless you have authority to
- regularly back up files containing records
- internet access at office is only used for work related tasks
- test results should only be accessed for YOUR patient
what has the increased use of computerized patient information systems resulted in
more policies and procedures to ensure patient privacy and confidentiality
what do privacy policies specify
what type of patient information can be retrieved
who can retrieve patient info.
why is someone retrieving patient info
What do computers improve in patient care
quality
safety
efficiency
cost effectiveness
what is medical informatics
integrates information technology and healthcare to optimize the process used to obtain store and use health care information for patient care
what do computer distributed healthcare systems allow for
share information and evaluate individual patients progress and progress of patients with similar diagnoses
what does the EMR contain (9)
patient identification data clinic and inpatient notes preventive care delivery lab. data radiology data pharmacy data surgical procedures performed emergency department visits billing information
what is a CDSS
clnical decision support system
- an expert system
what is an expert system
customized program assisting HC professionals in making diagnosis and treatment determinations
what are teh benefits of aCDSS
administartive
clnical
cost control
decision support
give specific examples of CDSS benefits (11)
- promote use of best practice
- preventive care
- diagnosis + treatment plan
- condition specific guidelines
- monitoring medication orders
- procedure authorization
- avoiding unnecessary tests
- ensuring patients stay on therapy protocol
- referrals and referral follow up
- coding and documentation
- population based management
what are CDSSs used with
CPOE
computerized physician/provider order entry system
why are CPOEs used
allows licensed health care professionals to enter medical orders
- reducing error
why are health care reporting systems important
data collected can be shared with governmental agencies for regulatory compliance purposes, and with other providers
what are 7 roles of health care reporting systems
diagnosing
treating
stopping spread of disease (outbreak)
capture and track
- medication error
- patient accident or falls
- patient identification
- post surgical infection
what is a patient monitoring system used for
to keep a constant watch over a patient’s physical status and vital signs
- all patient monitors are linked to a central location
what is a computer controlled medication dispensing system
give patients predetermined amounts of medication at proper intervals
what is patient home health monitoring
also called telemonitoring
collects data on a patients health from homes
- are programmed to ask patients brief questions about health status
- can display medication reminders
- wireless devices intake vital signs
why is telemonitoring useful
for monitoring disabled or older patients who cannot manage their own conditions
what is electroconvulsion therapy (ECT)
electronic signals are sent through a portion of the brain to control depression and seizures
what is a CT
x-ray tech. produces images of a patinet’s body
how are computers used in lab tests and data analysis
results of tests (CBC) are determined through computer analysis of a patients blood sample
what do improvements in oninvasie and robotic surgical skill lead to
more widespread use of technologies
reduced recovery time
lower infection rates
what is an ESWL
non-invasive extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
- uses shock wavs to shatter kidney stones into small pieces so they can travel through the urinary tract more easily
what treats prostate cancer, what are benefits
robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy
- reduced blood loss
- less pain
- shorter hospital stays
what is telemedicine
branch of medicine that involves transfer of medical information through interactive visual media
- remote medical exams or procedures
what does telesurgery combine
multimedia
telecommunications
robotic technologies
what is good about telesurgery
less experienced surgeons in remote areas of the world can receive training in advanced surgical techniques from experts
what is scientific progress in genetic testing and mapping
allowing doctors to develop computer chips that allow for individualized treatment to unique genetic makeup
what are researchers in rehabilitation doing
developing interface between brain and machine
- allows brain to control prosthetic limbs
- the robotic hands can decode and interpret brain signals
what is a disadvantage of new technologies in helathcare
outsourcing of healthcare
- meaning that jobs that can be done remotely are being sent overseas
- results in lack of jobs in the US
what is a necessity for health care professionals with technological advances
continuing education
name 4 methods of self directed study
tutorials on software applications
users manual (may be online)
help screens
professional journals
why are in service educational opportunities good
provide training to employee DURING work hours
- free
