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Dynamics of Health Care > chapter 20 > Flashcards

chapter 20 Flashcards

1
Q

Who initially used computers in helathcare

A

administrators

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2
Q

What were computers initially used for in healthcare (4)

A

electronic billing statements
patient invoices
scheduling patient appointments
tracking inventory

  • all reduce amount of paperwork and timw
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3
Q

What are nonadministrative advantages of computers in healthcare (10)

A
  1. medical data storage and access
  2. clinical problem solving
  3. data reporting
  4. patient monitoring
  5. medication dispensing
  6. provider and patient communication
  7. diagnostic tests and imaging
  8. lab tests and data analysis
  9. education
  10. time management
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4
Q

What is stored in the same unit in a desktop computer

A

CPU
RAM
hard drive
CD/DVD drive

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5
Q

What is stored in the same unit in a laptop

A 
CPU
RAM 
hard drive
CD/DVD
keyboad 
touchpad 
monitor
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6
Q

What are the 7 major hardware components of a computer system

A 
CPU (central processing unit)
RAM (random access memory)
hard drive
input devices 
monitor 
printer
secondary storage systems
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7
Q

what is the CPU

A

a microprocessor

  • circuitry on a silicon chip that processes information
  • contains electronic and magnetic cells that read analyze and process data
  • instruct computer to perform operations
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8
Q

What is the RAM

A

found in form of small modules plugged into main circuit board
- stores programs and data temporarily until information is stored on permanent device

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9
Q

what happens if the data in the RAM is not saved

A

will be lost when computer is turned off

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10
Q

What is a hard drive

A

provides storage for programs, data, files

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11
Q

what is the capacity of the hard drive measured in

A

gigabytes and terabytes

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12
Q

what are 6 input devices

A 
keyboard
mouse 
pen/stylus 
touch screen
microphone
scanner and bar coder readers
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13
Q

describe a keyboard

A

ergonomically designed keyboards avoid injury to the wrists

wireless keyboards allow to use keyboard away from computer

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14
Q

what does the mouse do

A

use optilca sensors to detect the motion of the ball on its underside

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15
Q

what is a pen or stylus

A

device that makes selections on screens or write directly onto a tablet PC

handwriting can be converted to typed text

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16
Q

what is a touch screen

A

a device allowing users to touch an ara ofthe ocmputer with their finger

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17
Q

what is a microphone paired with? why

A

speech recognition software

- allows HC workers to input information by speaking

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18
Q

what is a scanner or barcode reader

A

used to read the linear barcode of FDA approved drugs and products

  • allows test results to be added to a patients file
  • uses bluetooth
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19
Q

what is a monitor

A

television like device that displays text and images

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20
Q

what are the most popular monitors, why

A

flat-panel liquid crystal display (LCD)

provide protection from unauthorized viewings due to limited viewing angles

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21
Q

what is a printer used for

A 
general invoices and bills
correspondence
schedules
lab orders and results
forms 
prescriptions
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22
Q

what are 4 secondary storage systems

A

compact disk or digital video disk (CD or DVD)
memory stick
flash drive
external hard drive

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23
Q

what do secondary storage systems allow for

A

expanded storage for a large number of medical records

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24
Q

what is a CD or DVD used for

A

the disk is inserted into a disk drive that reads the information

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25
Q

what is a memory stick

A

removable memory card that transfers information

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26
Q

what is a flash drive

A

portable storage device that plugs into the USB or universal series bus, allowing to carry data form one computer to another

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27
Q

what is an external hard drive

A

portable storage device that creates a file backup from the computer’s hard drive
- the data can then be retrieved incase the original hard drive is damaged

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28
Q

what two devices do hc workers primarily use

A

handheld devices

personal digital assistants (PDAs)

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29
Q

what softwares do PDAs have (4)

A

address book
calender
email
word processing

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30
Q

how do healthcare providers send information between a PDA and desktop (3)

A

internet
direct connection
bluetooth

31
Q

what 7 tasks can PDA software be used for

A
  1. access patient charts
  2. use pharmacy and formulary dosing tools
  3. access micromedex
  4. download and view health journals
  5. view procedures you do not perform regularly
  6. set up virtual office
  7. view financial information
32
Q

what is electronic mail or email used for in healthcare (4)

A

enhanced communication
promoted teamwork
eliminate the phone tag
provide written documentation of messages

33
Q

what four rules should you follow when emailing at work

A

use office emails for work-related messages

chain letters and inappropriate emails should not be forwarded

email messages should be professional

email’s encryption features should remain active

34
Q

what is word processing

A

electronic creation and editing of documents on a computer

35
Q

what is extremely important in word processing

A

proper spelling

proper use of terminology and abbreviations

36
Q

what is recommended when word processing

A

added a medical dictionary

verifying spell checks spelling

37
Q

how can you ensure that research is legimiate

A

use websites from trusted sources
e.g. NIH website

use proper browsers

  • PubMed
  • OmniMedicalSearch
38
Q

why are keywords important in researching

A

limits number of responses or hits

39
Q

how do you use key words

A

put key words in quotation marks

40
Q

how can healthcare professionals avoid invasion of patients privacy with computers (6)

A
  • do not give passwords or access codes to anyone
  • do not leave computer terminal unattended
  • never create change or delete records unless you have authority to
  • regularly back up files containing records
  • internet access at office is only used for work related tasks
  • test results should only be accessed for YOUR patient
41
Q

what has the increased use of computerized patient information systems resulted in

A

more policies and procedures to ensure patient privacy and confidentiality

42
Q

what do privacy policies specify

A

what type of patient information can be retrieved
who can retrieve patient info.
why is someone retrieving patient info

43
Q

What do computers improve in patient care

A

quality
safety
efficiency
cost effectiveness

44
Q

what is medical informatics

A

integrates information technology and healthcare to optimize the process used to obtain store and use health care information for patient care

45
Q

what do computer distributed healthcare systems allow for

A

share information and evaluate individual patients progress and progress of patients with similar diagnoses

46
Q

what does the EMR contain (9)

A 
patient identification data 
clinic and inpatient notes 
preventive care delivery
lab. data
radiology data
pharmacy data
surgical procedures performed
emergency department visits
billing information
47
Q

what is a CDSS

A

clnical decision support system

- an expert system

48
Q

what is an expert system

A

customized program assisting HC professionals in making diagnosis and treatment determinations

49
Q

what are teh benefits of aCDSS

A

administartive
clnical
cost control
decision support

50
Q

give specific examples of CDSS benefits (11)

A
  1. promote use of best practice
  2. preventive care
  3. diagnosis + treatment plan
  4. condition specific guidelines
  5. monitoring medication orders
  6. procedure authorization
  7. avoiding unnecessary tests
  8. ensuring patients stay on therapy protocol
  9. referrals and referral follow up
  10. coding and documentation
  11. population based management
51
Q

what are CDSSs used with

A

CPOE

computerized physician/provider order entry system

52
Q

why are CPOEs used

A

allows licensed health care professionals to enter medical orders
- reducing error

53
Q

why are health care reporting systems important

A

data collected can be shared with governmental agencies for regulatory compliance purposes, and with other providers

54
Q

what are 7 roles of health care reporting systems

A

diagnosing
treating
stopping spread of disease (outbreak)

capture and track

  • medication error
  • patient accident or falls
  • patient identification
  • post surgical infection
55
Q

what is a patient monitoring system used for

A

to keep a constant watch over a patient’s physical status and vital signs
- all patient monitors are linked to a central location

56
Q

what is a computer controlled medication dispensing system

A

give patients predetermined amounts of medication at proper intervals

57
Q

what is patient home health monitoring

A

also called telemonitoring
collects data on a patients health from homes
- are programmed to ask patients brief questions about health status
- can display medication reminders
- wireless devices intake vital signs

58
Q

why is telemonitoring useful

A

for monitoring disabled or older patients who cannot manage their own conditions

59
Q

what is electroconvulsion therapy (ECT)

A

electronic signals are sent through a portion of the brain to control depression and seizures

60
Q

what is a CT

A

x-ray tech. produces images of a patinet’s body

61
Q

how are computers used in lab tests and data analysis

A

results of tests (CBC) are determined through computer analysis of a patients blood sample

62
Q

what do improvements in oninvasie and robotic surgical skill lead to

A

more widespread use of technologies
reduced recovery time
lower infection rates

63
Q

what is an ESWL

A

non-invasive extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

  • uses shock wavs to shatter kidney stones into small pieces so they can travel through the urinary tract more easily
64
Q

what treats prostate cancer, what are benefits

A

robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy

  • reduced blood loss
  • less pain
  • shorter hospital stays
65
Q

what is telemedicine

A

branch of medicine that involves transfer of medical information through interactive visual media

  • remote medical exams or procedures
66
Q

what does telesurgery combine

A

multimedia
telecommunications
robotic technologies

67
Q

what is good about telesurgery

A

less experienced surgeons in remote areas of the world can receive training in advanced surgical techniques from experts

68
Q

what is scientific progress in genetic testing and mapping

A

allowing doctors to develop computer chips that allow for individualized treatment to unique genetic makeup

69
Q

what are researchers in rehabilitation doing

A

developing interface between brain and machine

  • allows brain to control prosthetic limbs
  • the robotic hands can decode and interpret brain signals
70
Q

what is a disadvantage of new technologies in helathcare

A

outsourcing of healthcare

  • meaning that jobs that can be done remotely are being sent overseas
  • results in lack of jobs in the US
71
Q

what is a necessity for health care professionals with technological advances

A

continuing education

72
Q

name 4 methods of self directed study

A

tutorials on software applications
users manual (may be online)
help screens
professional journals

73
Q

why are in service educational opportunities good

A

provide training to employee DURING work hours

- free

Dynamics of Health Care (21 decks)

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