Chapter 7: States of Consciousness Flashcards
Consciousness
our awareness of ourselves and our environment. -
Biological Rhythms
Periodic physiological fluctuations. -
Circadian Rhythm
the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle. -
REM sleep
rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. -
Alpha Waves
the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state. -
Sleep
periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness. -
Hallucinations
false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus. -
Delta Waves
the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep. -
Insomnia
recurring problems in falling or staying asleep. -
Narcolepsy
a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times. -
Sleep Apnea
a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings. -
Night Terrors
a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during Stage 4 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered. -
Dream
a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind. -
Manifest Content
according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream. -
Latent Content
according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream. -
REM rebound
the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep). -
Hypnosis
a social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur. -
Posthypnotic Suggestion
a suggestion that is made to a person who is hypnotized that specifies an action he will perform (usually in response to a cue) after he has awakened. -
Dream
a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind. -
Dissociation
a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others. -
Hidden Observer
Hilgard’s term describing a hypnotized subject’s awareness of experiences, such as pain, that go unreported during hypnosis. -
Psychoactive Drug
a chemical substance that alters perceptions and mood. -
Tolerance
the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug’s effect. -
Withdrawal
the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug. -