Chapter 16: Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Psychological Disorder
deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional behavior patterns.
Medical Management
The combination of medication and psychotherapy while focusing on the patient’s physical and emotional health.
Bio-psycho-social Perspective
an integrated perspective that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis.
DSM-IV
the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a widley used system for classifying psychological disorders.
Neurotic Disorder
usually distressing but allows one to think rationally and function socially.
Psychotic disorders
severe mental disorders that cause abnormal thinking and perceptions.
Anxiety Disorders
psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.
Panic Disorder
an anxiety disorder marked by a minutes-long episode of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations.
Phobia
an anxiety disorder characterized by extreme and irrational fear of simple things or social situations.
Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (OCD)
an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and or actions.
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities.
Schizophrenia
a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions.
Delusions
false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.
Personality Disorders
psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
a personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members; may be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist.
Mood Disorders
psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes.
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
a mood disorder in which a person, for no apparent reason, experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminishes interest or pleasure in most activities.
Manic Episode
a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state.
Bipolar Disorder
a mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania.
Dissociative Disorders
disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings.
Medical Model*
*the concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured. When applied to psychological disorders, assumes that these mental illnesses can be diagnosed on the basis of their symptoms and cured through therapy, which may include treatment in a psychiatric hospital.
Somatoform Disorders
disorders characterized by physical symptoms for which no known physical cause exists.
Conversion Disorder*
*a mental disorder characterized by the conversion of mental conflict into somatic forms (into paralysis or anesthesia having no apparent cause).
