Chapter 7: Respiratory System Flashcards
the organs of the respiratory system are responsible for 3 things
1- bringing fresh air into the lungs
2- exchanging oxygen for carbon dioxide
3- exhaling stale air
organs of the respiratory system
- nasal cavity
- pharynx
- larynx
- trachea
- bronchial tubes
- lungs
aer/o
air
alveol/o
alveolus
anthrac/o
coal
atel/o
incomplete
bronch/o
bronchus
bronchiol/o
bronchiole
coni/o
dust
cyan/o
blue
cyst/o
sac, bladder
diaphragmat/o
diaphragm
epiglott/o
epiglottis
hal/o
to breathe
laryng/o
larynx
lob/o
lobe
muc/o
mucus
nas/o
nose
ox/o, ox/i
oxygen
pharyng/o
pharynx
pleur/o
pleura
pneum/o
lung, air
pneumon/o
lung, air
pulmon/o
lung
rhin/o
nose
sept/o
wall
sinus/o
sinus
somn/o
sleep
spir/o
breathing
trache/o
trachea, windpipe
tuss/o
cough
-capnia
carbon dioxide
-osmia
smell
-phonia
voice
-phylaxis
protection
-pnea
breathing
-ptysis
spitting
-thorax
chest
what 2 systems work together on gas exchange
respiratory and cardiovascular systems
respiration must be
continuous
respiration is divided into 3 parts
1- ventilation
2- external respiration
3- internal respiration
ventilation is the
flow of air between the outside environment and the lungs in 2 stages
2 stages of the ventilation of the lungs
1- inhalation
2- exhalation
inhalation
the flow of air into the lungs, bringing fresh oxygen into the air sacs
exhalation
the flow of air out of the lungs, removing carbon dioxide
external respiration
the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs
oxygen leaves __________ and enters ________________
air sacs/ the bloodstream
carbon dioxide leaves _________________ and enters ______________
the bloodstream/ air sacs
internal respiration
the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the cellular level
oxygen is needed for _______ ________________
cell metabolism
oxygen leaves the _________________ and is delivered to the ___________
bloodstream/ tissues
carbon dioxide is a __________ ______________
waste product
carbon dioxide leaves the _________ and enters the _________________ for ____________ by the lungs
tissues/ bloodstream/ disposal
air enters the nasal cavity at the ________
nares
the nasal cavity is divided by the _________ ____________
nasal septum
the ____________ separates the nasal cavity from the mouth
palate
_______ ______________ lines the cavity and secretes __________
mucous membrane/ mucus
function of mucus
cleans air by trapping particles
_____________ in the membrane warm the air as it passes through
capillaries
______ line nasal opening and filter air
cilia
___________ ___________ aid in sound production and voice resonance
paranasal sinuses
the pharynx has both _________________ and _________________ functions
respiratory and digestive
the pharynx is ___ inches long
5
the pharynx is divided into
- nasopharynx
- oropharynx
- laryngopharynx
the _________ are located in the pharynx and capture pathogens
tonsils
the opening of the eustachian tube is in the _____________
nasopharynx
the larynx is a _____________ structure between the ____________ and the __________
muscular/ pharynx/ trachea
the larynx contains the _________ _________
vocal cords
the ________ is an opening between the folds of the larynx
glottis
the _____________ prevents food and liquid from being inhaled into the lungs
epiglottis
the larynx is made of _________________ plates held in place with ligaments and muscles
cartilaginous
the trachea is a tube composed of _________ and _________
smooth muscle and cartilage rings
the trachea carries
air from the larynx to the main bronchi
the trachea is lined with _____________ and ______
mucous membrane and cilia
the mucous membrane within the trachea aids in
cleaning, warming, and moisturizing air as it travels to the lungs
the narrowest branches of the bronchial tubes are
bronchioles
bronchioles terminate in
alveoli
_____________ capillaries encase alveoli
pulmonary
gas exchange occurs in the
pulmonary capillaries
each lung is a total collection of _________, _____________, and ____________
bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli
the lungs are protected by the
pleura
outer layer that lines the chest activity
parietal pleura
inner layer that adheres to the lung surface
visceral pleura
the pleura forms a sac around each lung called the
pleural cavity
each lung is divided into
lobes
the right lung has ____ lobes
three
the left lung has ____ lobes
two
the ________ _______ is the entry and exit point for bronchi, vessels, and nerves
medial hilum
measurement of the volume of air within the lungs determines
lung capacity
a respiratory therapist measures lung volume using
pulmonary function tests
tidal volume (TV)
volume of air moving in and out of lungs in a single relaxed breath
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal inhalation
