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AHS 102 003 Med Term > Chapter 3: Integumentary System > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

The integumentary system serves four important functions

A

1- protection
2- regulation
3- sensory
4- secretion

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2
Q

Organs of the integumentary system include

A
  • skin
  • hair
  • nails
  • sebaceous glands
  • sweat glands
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3
Q

albin/o

A

white

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4
Q

cauter/o

A

to burn

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5
Q

cry/o

A

cold

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6
Q

cutane/o

A

skin

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7
Q

derm/o, dermat/o

A

skin

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8
Q

diaphor/o

A

profuse sweating

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9
Q

electr/o

A

electricity

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10
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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11
Q

hidr/o

A

sweat

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12
Q

ichthy/o

A

scaly, dry

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13
Q

kerat/o

A

hard, horny

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14
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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15
Q

lip/o

A

fat

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16
Q

melan/o

A

black

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17
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

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18
Q

necr/o

A

death

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19
Q

onych/o

A

nail

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20
Q

pedicul/o

A

lice

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21
Q

phot/o

A

light

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22
Q

py/o

A

pus

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23
Q

rhytid/o

A

wrinkle

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24
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh

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25
Q

scler/o

A

hard

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26
Q

seb/o

A

oil

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27
Q

system/o

A

system

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28
Q

trich/o

A

hair

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29
Q

ungu/o

A

nail

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30
Q

vesic/o

A

bladder

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31
Q

xer/o

A

dry

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32
Q

-derma

A

skin condition

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33
Q

allo-

A

other, different from usual

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34
Q

xeno-

A

foreign

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35
Q

What is the largest organ in the body?

A

the skin

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36
Q

How much does the skin weigh?

A

20 lbs

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37
Q

The skin is also called what?

A
  • the integument
  • the cutaneous membrane
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38
Q

The skin provides constant ______ to the body

A

protection

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39
Q

The skin forms a ________________

A

two-way barrier

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40
Q

The skin’s two-way barrier keeps

A
  • pathogens and harmful substances out
  • critical body fluids in
  • protecting the internal organs and tissues
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41
Q

Sensory receptors are housed in which part of the skin?

A

the dermis

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42
Q

What do the sensory receptors detect?

A
  • temperature
  • pain
  • touch
  • pressure
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43
Q

Messages from receptors travel to the ________ and __________________

A

brain and spinal cord

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44
Q

Sebaceous glands produce an oil called _________

A

sebum

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45
Q

What is the purpose of sebum?

A

lubricates the skin and keeps it from being too dry

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46
Q

Superficial blood vessels ________ to release heat

A

dilate

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47
Q

Superficial blood vessels _______ to prevent heat escaping through the skin

A

constrict

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48
Q

_________________ layer serves as insulation

A

subcutaneous

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49
Q

The skin consists of 2 layers

A

1- epidermis
2- dermis

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50
Q

Epidermis

A

the thin, outer membrane

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51
Q

Dermis

A

the middle, fibrous connective tissue layer

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52
Q

Subcutaneous layer

A

fatty tissue beneath the skin

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53
Q

The epidermis is composed of ______________________________

A

stratified squamous epithelium

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54
Q

The epidermis has no _________ or _______________

A

blood supply or connective tissue

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55
Q

The ________ layer is the deepest layer of the epidermis

A

basal

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56
Q

In this layer, cells continuously grow and push old cells toward the surface

A

the basal layer

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57
Q

Which layer contains melanocytes?

A

the basal layer

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58
Q

Melanocytes produce the ______________ that gives skin its color

A

black pigment melanin

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59
Q

Melanin protects skin against _______________

A

UV rays of the sun

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60
Q

Another name for the dermis

A

corium

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61
Q

The dermis is _________ tissue with a good ____________

A

living/blood supply

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62
Q

What is the dermis made up of?

A

connective tissue and collagen fibers that give it strength

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63
Q

What structures are housed in the dermis?

A
  • hair follicles
  • sweat and sebaceous glands
  • blood and lymph vessels
  • sensory receptors and nerve fibers
  • muscle fibers
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64
Q

Another name for the subcutaneous layer

A

the hypodermis

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65
Q

What is the hypodermis layer composed of?

A

lipocytes (fat cells)

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66
Q

Purpose of the subcutaneous layer

A

protects the deeper tissues of the body and acts as insulation against heat and cold

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67
Q

The hair consists of

A
  • the follicle
  • root
  • shaft
  • arrector pili muscle
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68
Q

Nail body

A

flat plate of keratin that forms most nails

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69
Q

Nail bed

A

connects nail body to connective tissue underneath

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70
Q

Nail root

A

base of nail

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71
Q

Cuticle

A

thin skin-like layer overlapping the base of the nail

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72
Q

Free edge

A

exposed edge of nail that is trimmed when nails become too long

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73
Q

Lunula

A

light-colored, half-moon region at the base of the nail

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74
Q

Purpose of sebum

A

lubricates hair and skin and prevents drying and cracking

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75
Q

Another name for sweat glands

A

sudoriferous glands

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76
Q

Sweat travels to the surface via a ___________ and exits to the surface via a _______________

A

sweat duct/sweat pore

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77
Q

Sweat from apocrine glands produces

A

body odor

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78
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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79
Q

bas/o

A

base

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80
Q

cauter/o

A

to burn

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81
Q

cortic/o

A

outer layer

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82
Q

cry/o

A

cold

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83
Q

diaphor/o

A

profuse sweating

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84
Q

electr/o

A

electricity

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85
Q

esthesi/o

A

feeling

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86
Q

hem/o

A

blood

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87
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

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88
Q

onych/o

A

nail

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89
Q

phot/o

A

light

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90
Q

septic/o

A

infection

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91
Q

vesic/o

A

sac

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92
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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93
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

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94
Q

-ia

A

state, condition

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95
Q

-iasis

A

abnormal condition

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96
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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97
Q

-ism

A

state of

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98
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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99
Q

-malacia

A

abnormal softening

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100
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

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101
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

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102
Q

-phagia

A

eat, swallow

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103
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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104
Q

-rrhea

A

discharge

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105
Q

-tic

A

pertaining to

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106
Q

-tome

A

instrument to cut

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107
Q

-ule

A

small

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108
Q

de-

A

without

109
Q

epi-

A

above

110
Q

ex-

A

outward

111
Q

xeno-

A

foreign

112
Q

cutaneous

A

pertaining to the skin

113
Q

dermal

A

pertaining to the skin

114
Q

dermic

A

pertaining to the skin

115
Q

epidermal

A

pertaining to above the skin

116
Q

hypodermic

A

pertaining to below the skin

117
Q

intradermal

A

pertaining to within the skin

118
Q

subcutaneous

A

pertaining to under the skin

119
Q

ungual

A

pertaining to the nail

120
Q

abrasion

A

friction scraping away skin surface

121
Q

anhidrosis

A

condition of producing no sweat

122
Q

bulla

A

a large blister

123
Q

comedo

A

hardened sebum in the hair follicle; blackhead

124
Q

contusion

A

injury caused by a blow; causes pain, swelling, and bruising

125
Q

cyst

A

fluid-filled sac under skin

126
Q

depigmentation

A

loss of normal skin color

127
Q

diaphoresis

A

profuse sweating

128
Q

ecchymosis

A

blood collecting under the skin following blunt trauma; a bruise

129
Q

erythema

A

red flushing of the skin

130
Q

erythroderma

A

having reddened or flushed skin

131
Q

eschar

A

thick layer of dead tissue over a deep burn area

132
Q

fissure

A

crack-like lesion on the skin

133
Q

hirsutism

A

excessive hair growth

134
Q

hyperemia

A

redness of skin due to increased blood flow

135
Q

hyperhidrosis

A

excessive sweating

136
Q

hyperpigmentation

A

abnormal amount of pigmentation

137
Q

lesion

A

general term for an injury or abnormality

138
Q

leukoderma

A

white skin from lack of pigmentation

139
Q

lipoma

A

fatty mass

140
Q

macule

A

flat, discolored spot on skin; freckle

141
Q

necrosis

A

condition of cell or tissue death

142
Q

nevus

A

pigmented skin blemish, birthmark, or mole; usually benign

143
Q

nodule

A

firm, solid mass larger than 0.5 cm

144
Q

onychomalacia

A

softening of nails

145
Q

pallor

A

abnormal paleness of skin

146
Q

papule

A

small, solid raised spot smaller than 0.5 cm

147
Q

petechiae

A

spots from minute hemorrhages under skin

148
Q

photosensitivity

A

abnormal skin reaction to light

149
Q

pruritus

A

severe itching

150
Q

purpura

A

skin hemorrhage due to fragile blood vessels

151
Q

purulent

A

infection producing pus

152
Q

pus contains

A
  • dead bacteria
  • white blood cells
  • tissue debris
153
Q

pustule

A

raised spot on skin containing pus

154
Q

pyoderma

A

having pus on or within the skin

155
Q

scleroderma

A

hardened skin

156
Q

seborrhea

A

oily discharge

157
Q

suppurative

A

containing or producing pus

158
Q

ulcer

A

open sore in skin

159
Q

urticaria

A

hives; eruption of wheals with severe itching

160
Q

vesicle

A

small, fluid-filled, raised spot; blister

161
Q

wheal

A

small, round, swollen area; typical of allergic skin reaction

162
Q

xeroderma

A

abnormally dry skin

163
Q

abscess

A

collection of pus in skin

164
Q

acne rosacea

A

chronic form of adult acne with redness and tiny pimples, primarily on nose

165
Q

acne vulgaris

A

common form of teenage acne with comedos, papules, and pustules

166
Q

actinic keratosis

A

abnormal condition of hard, horny, waterlike lesion that develops on sun-damaged skin; may become cancerous

167
Q

albinism

A

genetic condition in which the skin is unable to make melanin; skin and hair are white and eyes appear red

168
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor in the basal cell layer, a common cancer that rarely metastasizes

169
Q

burn

A

skin damage caused by fire, electricity, ultraviolet light, or caustic chemicals

170
Q

cellulitis

A

diffuse acute infection or connective tissue of skin

171
Q

cicatrix

A

normal scar

172
Q

decubitus ulcer (decub)

A

open sore caused by pressure over bony prominences; caused by loss of blood flow to skin

173
Q

dermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin

174
Q

dermatosis

A

presence of a skin condition

175
Q

dry gangrene

A

late stages of gangrene, the affected area becomes dried, blackened, and shriveled

176
Q

eczema

A

superficial dermatitis; redness, vesicles, itching, and crusting

177
Q

gangrene

A

tissue necrosis due to loss of blood flow

178
Q

ichthyosis

A

skin becomes dry, scaly, and keratanized

179
Q

impetigo

A

highly infectious bacterial infection with pustules that rupture and crust over

180
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma

A

skin cancer seen in AIDS patients; brownish-purple lesions

181
Q

keloid

A

thick hypertrophic scar

182
Q

keratosis

A

condition of excessive growth and thickening of epidermis layer

183
Q

laceration

A

torn or jagged wound

184
Q

malignant melanoma (MM)

A

dangerous form of cancer; begins in melanocytes; quickly metastasis

185
Q

monkeypox (mpox)

A

contagious viral infection that causes flu-like symptoms and a rash with pustules or blisters

186
Q

pediculosis

A

lice infestation

187
Q

psoriasis

A

chronic inflammatory condition with papules forming “silvery scale” patches

188
Q

rubella

A

contagious viral infection; german measles

189
Q

scabies

A

skin disease caused by a mite infection

190
Q

sebaceous cyst

A

sebum filled sac under skin

191
Q

squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

A

cancer of the epidermis layer; may invade deeper tissue and metastasize

192
Q

strawberry hemangioma

A

congenital collection of dilated blood vessels; birthmark

193
Q

systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

A

chronic disease of connective tissue; injures skin, joints, and kidneys; produces red, scaly butterfly rash

194
Q

tinea

A

fungal infection; itching and scaling lesions

195
Q

tinea capitis

A

fungal infection on scalp; ringworm

196
Q

tinea pedis

A

fungal infection on foot; athlete’s foot

197
Q

varicella

A

contagious viral infection; chickenpox

198
Q

verruca

A

warts; benign growth caused by a virus

199
Q

vitiligo

A

disappearance of pigment from skin in patches; causes milk-white lesions

200
Q

wet gangrene

A

area gangrene with secondary bacterial infection and pus

201
Q

alopecia

A

absence or loss of hair; baldness

202
Q

carbuncle

A

furuncle involving several hair follicles

203
Q

furuncle

A

bacterial infection of hair follicle; redness, pain, and swelling; a boil

204
Q

trichomycosis

A

fungal infection of the hair

205
Q

onychia

A

infected nail bed

206
Q

onychomycosis

A

fungal infection of the nail

207
Q

onychophagia

A

nail biting

208
Q

paronychia

A

infection of the skin fold around the nail

209
Q

culture and sensitivity (C&S)

A

grows bacteria removed from infected area to identify infecting bacteria; also determines the bacteria’s sensitivity to various antibiotics

210
Q

biopsy (BX,Bx)

A

removal of piece of tissue to examine under microscope

211
Q

excisional biopsy

A

removal of an entire suspicious area of tissue for examination

212
Q

exfoliative cytology

A

scraping cells from tissue to examine under microscope

213
Q

frozen section (FS)

A

thin piece of tissue cut from a frozen specimen for rapid examination under microscope

214
Q

fungal scrapings

A

scrapings from lesions that are cultured and examined under microscope

215
Q

punch biopsy

A

removal of a small cylinder of tissue by an instrument that pierces through tissue like a hole punch

216
Q

shave biopsy

A

removal of think layer of epidermis or dermis tissue using scalpel or razor; performed to remove tissue elevated above surface of skin

217
Q

allograft

A

skin graft from one person to another; also called hamograft

218
Q

autograft

A

skin graft from a person’s own body

219
Q

dermatome

A

instrument for cutting skin or for producing thin transplants of skin

220
Q

dermatoplasty

A

skin grafting

221
Q

skin graft (SG)

A

transfer of skin from a normal area to cover another site

222
Q

xenograft

A

skin graft from an animal of another species, usually a pig; also called a heterograft

223
Q

cauterization

A

destruction of tissue by using chemicals, electricity, heat, or freezing

224
Q

cryosurgery

A

use of extreme cold to freeze and destroy tissue

225
Q

curettage

A

removal of superficial skin lesions with a scraper (curette)

226
Q

debridement

A

removal of foreign material and dead or damaged tissue from a wound

227
Q

electrocautery

A

using an electric current to destroy tissue

228
Q

incision and drainage (I&D)

A

making an incision to drain material such as pus

229
Q

onychectomy

A

surgical removal of a nail

230
Q

chemabrasion

A

abrasion using chemicals; chemical peel

231
Q

dermabrasion

A

abrasion using wire brushes or sandpaper; removes scars, tattoos

232
Q

laser therapy

A

removal of lesions using a laser beam

233
Q

liposuction

A

removal of fat beneath skin by means

234
Q

rhytidectomy

A

surgical removal of excess skin to eliminate wrinkles; face lift

235
Q

anesthetic

A

deaden pain

236
Q

antibiotic

A

kill bacteria

237
Q

antifungal

A

kill fungi

238
Q

antiparasitic

A

kill mites or lice

239
Q

Example of anesthetic

A

lidocaine, procaine

240
Q

Example of antibiotic

A

neosporin

241
Q

Example of antifungal

A

miconazole, clotrimazole

242
Q

Example of antiparasitic

A

kwell, nix

243
Q

antipruritic

A

reduce severe itching

244
Q

antiseptic

A

kill bacteria

245
Q

corticosteroid cream

A

powerful anti-inflammatory

246
Q

Example of antipruritic

A

benadryl, caladryl

247
Q

Example of antiseptic

A

isopropyl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide

248
Q

Example of corticosteroid cream

A

cortaid, kenalog

249
Q

ADN

A

registered nurse with an associate’s degree

250
Q

BCC

A

basal cell carcinoma

251
Q

RNB

A

registered nurse with bachelor’s degree

252
Q

BX,Bx

A

biopsy

253
Q

C&S

A

culture and sensitivity

254
Q

CNA

A

certified nursing assistant

255
Q

decub

A

decubitus ulcer

256
Q

Derm, derm

A

dermatology

257
Q

FS

A

frozen section

258
Q

I&D

A

incision and drainage

259
Q

ID

A

intradermal

260
Q

LPN

A

licensed practical nurse

261
Q

LVN

A

licensed vocational nurse

262
Q

MM

A

malignant melanoma

263
Q

SLE

A

systematic lupus erythematosus

264
Q

ST

A

split-thickness

265
Q

subcut

A

subcutaneous

266
Q

tid

A

three times a day

267
Q

UV

A

ultraviolet

268
Q

x

A

times

268
Q

WHO

A

World Health Organization

AHS 102 003 Med Term (11 decks)

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