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AHS 102 003 Med Term > Chapter 4: Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

the skeletal system consists of how many bones

A

206

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2
Q

the skeleton is the ___________________ of the body

A

internal framework

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3
Q

functions of the musculoskeletal system

A
  • supports the body
  • protects organs
  • is the point of muscle attachment
  • produces blood cells and stores minerals
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4
Q

bones and joints are skeletal

A

organs

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5
Q

axial division

A
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6
Q

appendicular division

A
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7
Q

ankyl/o

A

stiff joint

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8
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

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9
Q

articul/o

A

joint

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10
Q

burs/o

A

sac

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11
Q

carp/o

A

carpus

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12
Q

cervic/o

A

neck

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13
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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14
Q

clavicul/o

A

clavicle

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15
Q

coccyg/o

A

coccyx

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16
Q

cortic/o

A

outer layer

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17
Q

cost/o

A

rib

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18
Q

crani/o

A

skull

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19
Q

femor/o

A

femur

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20
Q

fibr/o

A

fibers

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21
Q

fibul/o

A

fibula

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22
Q

humer/o

A

humerus

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23
Q

ili/o

A

ilium

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24
Q

ischi/o

A

ischium

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25
Q

kyph/o

A

hump

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26
Q

lamin/o

A

lamina, part of the vertebra

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27
Q

lord/o

A

bent backward

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28
Q

lumb/o

A

loin, low back

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29
Q

mandibul/o

A

mandible

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30
Q

maxill/o

A

maxilla

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31
Q

medull/o

A

inner portion

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32
Q

menisc/o

A

meniscus

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33
Q

metacarp/o

A

metacarpus

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34
Q

metatars/o

A

metatarsus

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35
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow, spinal cord

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36
Q

orth/o

A

straight

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37
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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38
Q

patell/o

A

patella

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39
Q

pector/o

A

chest

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40
Q

ped/o

A

foot, child

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41
Q

pelv/o

A

pelvis

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42
Q

phalang/o

A

phalanges

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43
Q

pod/o

A

foot

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44
Q

prosthet/o

A

addition

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45
Q

pub/o

A

pubis

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46
Q

radi/o

A

radius, ray

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47
Q

sacr/o

A

sacrum

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48
Q

scapul/o

A

scapula

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49
Q

scoli/o

A

crooked

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50
Q

spin/o

A

spine

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51
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebrae

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52
Q

stern/o

A

sternum

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53
Q

synovi/o

A

synovial membrane

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54
Q

synov/o

A

synovial membrane

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55
Q

tars/o

A

tarsus

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56
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

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57
Q

tibi/o

A

tibia

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58
Q

uln/o

A

ulna

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59
Q

vertebr/o

A

vertebra

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60
Q

-blast

A

immature

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61
Q

-clasia

A

to break surgically

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62
Q

-clast

A

broken

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63
Q

-desis

A

to fuse

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64
Q

-listhesis

A

slipping

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65
Q

-logic

A

pertaining to the study of

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66
Q

-phyte

A

growth

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67
Q

-porosis

A

porous

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68
Q

each bone is a body organ with a ___________, ____________, and __________________

A

blood supply, nerves, and lymphatic vessels

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69
Q

joints give the skeleton

A

flexibility

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70
Q

bones are also called

A

osseous tissue

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71
Q

bones are one of the ______________ materials in the body

A

hardest

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72
Q

bones are formed by the gradual process of

A

ossification

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73
Q

the fetal skeleton is made of

A

cartilage

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74
Q

the cartilage of the fetus is replaced by ___________ that mature into _____________

A

osteoblasts/osteocytes

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75
Q

old bone is broken down by

A

osteoclasts

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76
Q

in adults, bones completely replace themselves every ______ years

A

10

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77
Q

long bones

A
  • longer than wide
    examples:
  • femur
  • humerus
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78
Q

short bones

A
  • roughly as long as wide
    examples:
  • carpals
  • tarsals
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79
Q

flat bones

A
  • plate-shaped
    examples:
  • sternum
  • scapula
  • pelvis
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80
Q

irregular bones

A
  • shape very irregular
    example:
  • vertebrae
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81
Q

the majority of bones are _________ bones

A

long

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82
Q

long bones have 2 parts:

A

1- diaphysis
2- epiphysis

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83
Q

diaphysis

A

central shaft and contains the medullary cavity

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84
Q

epiphysis

A

the wide portion at either end of bone

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85
Q

articular cartilage covers the ___________

A

epiphysis

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86
Q

periosteum covers the _____________

A

rest of the bone

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87
Q

the hard exterior of the bone is called ____________ or _____________

A

compact or cortical bone

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88
Q

compact or cortical bone is found

A

both in the diaphysis and epiphysis

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89
Q

what type of bone is found inside the bone

A

cancellous or spongy

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90
Q

bones have many projections and depressions called

A

processes

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91
Q

what processes allow for joint articulation

A

round, smooth

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92
Q

what processes provide muscle attachment points

A

rough

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93
Q

head

A

large, smooth, ball-shaped end of a long bone

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94
Q

condyle

A

smooth rounded portion at the end of the bone

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95
Q

epicondyle

A

the projection above or on a condyle

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96
Q

trochantar

A

large rough process

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97
Q

tubercle

A

small rough process

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98
Q

tuberosity

A

large rough process

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99
Q

sinus

A

hollow cavity within bone

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100
Q

foramen

A

smooth opening for nerves and blood vessels

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101
Q

fossa

A

shallow cavity or depression within a bone

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102
Q

fissure

A

a slit-like opening

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103
Q

skeleton has 2 divisions

A

1- axial
2- appendicular

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104
Q

axial skeleton

A

contains bones of the
- head
- neck
- spine
- chest
- trunk

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105
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

contains the
- pectoral girdle
- upper extremities
- pelvic girdle
- lower extremities

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106
Q

the head/skull is divided into two parts

A

1- cranium
2- facial bones

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107
Q

the skull protects the

A
  • brain
  • eyes
  • ears
  • nasal cavity
  • oral cavity
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108
Q

the cranium provides attachment for ___________ and ______________ muscles

A

chewing and head

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109
Q

the skull encases the brain and consists of the following bones

A
  • frontal
  • parietal
  • temporal
  • ethmoid
  • occipital
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110
Q

frontal bone forms the

A

forehead

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111
Q

2 parietal bones form the

A

upper sides and roof of the skull

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112
Q

2 temporal bones form the

A

sides and base of skull

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113
Q

ethmoid forms

A
  • eye orbit
  • nose
  • part of the floor of the skull
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114
Q

sphenoid forms

A

part of the floor of the skull

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115
Q

occipital bone forms

A
  • the back of the skull
  • part of the base of the skull
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116
Q

facial bones

A
  • mandible
  • maxilla
  • 2 zygomatic bones
  • vomer
  • palatine
  • 2 nasal bones
  • 2 lacrimal bones
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117
Q

mandible

A

moveable lower jaw

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118
Q

maxilla

A

fixed upper jaw

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119
Q

Two zygomatic bones

A

cheeks

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120
Q

vomer

A

part of the nasal septum

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121
Q

palatine

A

roof of the mouth and floor of the nasal cavity

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122
Q

2 nasal bones form

A

the nasal septum and bridge of the nose

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123
Q

2 lacrimal bones

A

the inner corners of the eye

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124
Q

hyoid

A
  • single U-shaped bone
  • only floating bone in the body
  • found in the neck between the mandible and the larynx
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125
Q

cervical vertebrae

A

neck region; C1-C7

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126
Q

thoracic vertebrae

A

chest region; T1-T12

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127
Q

lumbar vertebrae

A

small of back; L1-L5

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128
Q

sacrum

A

base of the vertebral column

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129
Q

coccyx

A

3-5 vertebrae attached to the sacrum

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130
Q

12 pairs of ribs that attach to the vertebral column and are divided into

A

10 pairs= attach to sternum and are known as true ribs
2 lower pairs= do not attach to the sternum and are called floating ribs

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131
Q

pectoral girdle

A

attaches the upper extremities to the axial skeleton

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132
Q

pectoral girdle consists of

A

clavicle and the scapula

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133
Q

pelvic girdle is called the

A

os coxae, innominate bone, or the hipbone

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134
Q

pelvic girdle

A

attaches the lower extremity to the axial skeleton

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135
Q

pelvic girdle consists of

A

ilium, ischium, and pubis

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136
Q

3 types of joints

A

1- synovial joints
2- cartilaginous joints
3- fibrous joints

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137
Q

synovial joints

A
  • freely moving
  • most common type
  • ball-and-socket joint
  • contain a capsule lined with lubricant-secreting synovial membrane
  • bones are held together by ligaments or strong bands of connective tissue
  • common in the elbow, knee, and shoulder joint
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138
Q

cartilaginous joints

A
  • slight movement
  • hold bones firmly in place with a solid piece of cartilage
  • pubic symphysis allows the pelvis to widen during childbirth
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139
Q

fibrous joints

A
  • allow almost no movement
  • joined by thick fibrous tissue that can fuse to bone
  • sutures in the skull
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140
Q

-eal

A

pertaining to

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141
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal

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142
Q

-iatry

A

medical treatment

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143
Q

-listhesis

A

slipping

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144
Q

-ory

A

pertaining to

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145
Q

carpal

A

pertaining to the carpus

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146
Q

cervical

A

pertaining to the neck

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147
Q

clavicular

A

pertaining to the clavicle

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148
Q

coccygeal

A

pertaining to the coccyx

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149
Q

cortical

A

pertaining to the outer layer

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150
Q

costal

A

pertaining to the ribs

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151
Q

cranial

A

pertaining to the skull

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152
Q

femoral

A

pertaining to the femur

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153
Q

fibular

A

pertaining to the fibula

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154
Q

humeral

A

pertaining to the humerus

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155
Q

iliac

A

pertaining to the ilium

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156
Q

intervertebral

A

pertaining to the vertebrae

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157
Q

intracranial

A

pertaining to the inside of the skull

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158
Q

ischial

A

pertaining to the ischium

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159
Q

lumbar

A

pertaining to the low back

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160
Q

mandibular

A

pertaining to the mandible

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161
Q

maxillary

A

pertaining to the maxilla

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162
Q

medullary

A

pertaining to the inner region

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163
Q

metacarpal

A

pertaining to the metacarpus

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164
Q

metatarsal

A

pertaining to the metatarsus

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165
Q

patellar

A

pertaining to the patella

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166
Q

phalangeal

A

pertaining to the phalanges

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167
Q

pubic

A

pertaining to the pubis

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168
Q

radial

A

pertaining to the radius

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169
Q

sacral

A

pertaining to the sacrum

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170
Q

scapular

A

pertaining to the scapula

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171
Q

spinal

A

pertaining to the spine

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172
Q

sternal

A

pertaining to the sternum

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173
Q

tarsal

A

pertaining to the tarsus

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174
Q

thoracic

A

pertaining to the chest

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175
Q

tibial

A

pertaining to the tibia

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176
Q

ulnar

A

pertaining to the ulna

177
Q

vertebral

A

pertaining to the vertebra

178
Q

chiropractic

A

healthcare profession concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of malignment conditions of the spine and musculoskeletal system; bone doctor

179
Q

orthopedics

A

branch of medicine specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions of the musculoskeletal system

180
Q

orthotics

A

healthcare profession specializing in making orthopedic appliances such as braces and splints

181
Q

podiatry

A

healthcare profession specializing in diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the feet and lower legs

182
Q

prosthetics

A

healthcare profession specializing in making artificial body parts

183
Q

rheumatology

A

branch of medicine specializing in diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal system and autoimmune conditions affecting the joints, muscles, and bones

184
Q

arthralgia

A

joint pain

185
Q

bursitis

A

inflammation of bursa

186
Q

callus

A

mass of bone tissue that forms at fracture site during healing

187
Q

chondromalacia

A

softening of the cartilage

188
Q

crepitation

A

noise produced by bones or cartilage rubbing together

189
Q

ostealgia

A

bone pain

190
Q

synovitis

A

inflammation of synovial membrane

191
Q

closed fracture/simple fracture

A

fracture with no open skin wound

192
Q

comminuted fracture

A

fracture where bone is shattered, splintered, or crushed

193
Q

compound fracture/open fracture

A

fracture with an open skin wound

194
Q

compression fracture

A

fracture with loss of height in vertebral body; often from osteoporosis

195
Q

fracture

A

broken bone

196
Q

greenstick fracture

A

incomplete break; one side of bone is broken, the other is bent; common in children

197
Q

impacted fracture

A

bone fragments are pushed into each other

198
Q

oblique fracture

A

fracture at an angle to bone

199
Q

pathologic fracture

A

fracture caused by diseased or weakened bone

200
Q

spiral fracture

A

fracture line spirals around shaft of bone; often slower to heal

201
Q

stress fracture

A

slight fracture caused by repetitive low-impact forces like running

202
Q

transverse fracture

A

fracture straight across bone

203
Q

avascular necrosis

A

abnormal condition of decay or death of bone

204
Q

chondroma

A

tumor in cartilage; usually benign

205
Q

Ewing’s sarcoma

A

a cancerous tumor of shaft long bones; spreads through periosteum; amputation is necessary to prevent metastasis

206
Q

exotosis

A

bone spur

207
Q

osteochondroma

A

tumor, usually benign, consisting of both bone and cartilage tissue

208
Q

osteogenic sarcoma

A

most common type of bone cancer; begins in osteocytes

209
Q

osteoma

A

tumor found in bone tissue

210
Q

osteomalacia

A

softening of bones caused by calcium deficiency; caused in children by in insufficient sunlight and vitamin D

211
Q

osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of the bone and bone marrow

211
Q

osteopathy

A

general term for bone disease

212
Q

osteopenia

A

abnormal decrease in bone mass

213
Q

osteophyte

A

a type of exostosis; this bony growth is usually found within a joint capsule

214
Q

osteoporosis

A

decrease in bone mass; results in thinning and weakening of the bones; porous bone easily fractures

215
Q

Paget disease

A

metabolic disease in bone; unknown cause; results in bone destruction and deformity

216
Q

rickets

A

caused by calcium and vitamin D deficiency; results in bone deformities like bowed legs

217
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

inflammatory condition resembles rheumatoid arthritis; gradual stiffening and fusion of vertebrae

218
Q

herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP)/ruptured disk

A

production of an intervertebral disk

219
Q

kyphosis

A

abnormal increase in curve of thoracic spine; humpback

220
Q

lordosis

A

abnormal increase in forward curvature of lumbar spine; swayback

221
Q

scoliosis

A

lateral curve of spine

222
Q

spina bifida

A

congenital anomaly; vertebra fails to fully form around spinal cord

223
Q

spinal stenosis

A

narrowing of spinal canal; causes pressure on spinal cord and nerves

224
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

forward sliding of a lumbar vertebra over a vertebra below it

225
Q

spondylosis

A

general term for degenerative vertebral column condition

226
Q

whiplash

A

cervical muscle and ligament sprain

227
Q

adhesive capsulitis

A

limitation in the range of motion due to thickening caused by inflammation of the joint capsule

228
Q

anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

A

the anterior ligament is prone to being stretched, torn, or ruptured with trauma involving an abrupt change of direction

229
Q

bunion

A

inflammation of bursa at base of great toe

230
Q

dislocation

A

bones in the joint are displaced from the abnormal alignment

231
Q

gout

A

type of arthritis presenting as pain and swelling, usually in the first metatarsophalangeal joint

232
Q

osteoarthritis (OA)

A

results in degeneration of bone and joints; bone rubs against bone

233
Q

prepatellar bursitis

A

swelling of bursa between patella and skin; seen in persons who kneel often

234
Q

rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

A

autoimmune inflammation of joints with swelling, stiffness, pain; results in joint deformities

235
Q

sprain

A

damage to ligaments around the joint due to overstretching; no dislocation or fracture

236
Q

sublaxation

A

incomplete dislocation; joint alignment is disrupted, but ends of bones remain in contact

237
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

A

autoimmune disease of connective tissue affecting many systems and may include joint pain; looks like rheumatoid arthritis

238
Q

talipes

A

congenital deformity of ankle misalignment; clubfoot

239
Q

arthrography

A

visualizing joint by x-ray after injecting contrast medium to joint

240
Q

bone scan

A

nuclear medicine procedure; radioactive dye is used to visualize bones; useful for identifying stress fractures and metastasis

241
Q

dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA)

A

measures bone density using low dose x-ray; detects osteoporosis

242
Q

myeography

A

study of spinal column after injecting opaque contrast medium; useful for identifying herniated nucleus pulposus

243
Q

radiography

A

uses x-rays to study internal structure of body; especially useful for visualizing bones and joints

244
Q

arthroscopy

A

examining the interior of the joint with an arthroscope and a fiberoptic camera; a view of the joint interior appears on the monitor during the procedure

245
Q

arthrocentesis

A

insertion of needle into joint cavity to remove fluid

246
Q

orthotic

A

brace or splint used to prevent or correct deformities

247
Q

prosthesis

A

artificial device or substitute for a missing or damaged body part

248
Q

amputation

A

removal of a limb

249
Q

anterior cruciate ligament repair

A

surgical repair of partially or completely torn anterior cruciate ligament

250
Q

arthroclasia

A

forcibly breaking loose a fused joint

251
Q

arthrodesis

A

stabilizing joint by fusing bones together

252
Q

arthroscopic surgery

A

performing surgery while using an arthroscope

253
Q

arthrotomy

A

cutting into a joint

254
Q

bone graft

A

harvesting bone from one location to replace a bony defect in another location

255
Q

bunionectomy

A

removal of the bursa at base of great toe

256
Q

bursectomy

A

removal of a bursa

257
Q

chondrectomy

A

removal of catilage

258
Q

condroplasty

A

repair of cartilage

259
Q

craniotomy

A

cutting into the skull

260
Q

laminectomy

A

removal of posterior arch of vertebra to remove compression of a spinal nerve

261
Q

meniscectomy

A

surgical removal of a meniscus

262
Q

osteoclasia

A

intentional breaking of bone

263
Q

osteotomy

A

cutting into a bone

264
Q

percutaneous discectomy

A

tube is inserted into intervertebral disk to suck out rupture

265
Q

percutaneous vertebroplasty

A

surgical removal of herniated or ruptured disk material

266
Q

spinal fusion

A

surgical immobilization of adjacent vertebrae

267
Q

synovectomy

A

removal of synovial membrane

268
Q

total hip arthroplasty (THA)

A

implanting a prosthetic hip joint

269
Q

total knee arthroplasty (TKA)

A

implanting a prosthetic knee joint

270
Q

fixation

A

stabilizes fracture while it heals

271
Q

reduction

A

realigning bone fragments of the fracture

272
Q

traction

A

applying a pulling force on fracture or dislocation to restore alignment

273
Q

bone reabsorption inhibitors

A

reduce the reabsorption of bone; treats osteoporosis and Paget’s disease

274
Q

calcium supplements and vitamin D therapy

A

supplements that maintain bone density; treat osteomalacia, osteoporosis, and rickets

275
Q

corticosteroids

A

have strong anti-inflammatory properties; treat rheumatoid arthritis

276
Q

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

A

provide mild pain relief and anti-inflammatory benefits; treat arthritis

277
Q

AE

A

above elbow

278
Q

AK

A

above knee

279
Q

AVN

A

avascular necrosis

280
Q

BDT

A

bone density testing

281
Q

BE

A

below elbow

282
Q

BK

A

below knee

283
Q

C1, C2,etc.

A

first cervical vertebra, etc.

284
Q

Ca

A

calcium

285
Q

DJD

A

degenerative joint disease

286
Q

DXA, DEXA

A

dual-energy absorptiometry

287
Q

FX, Fx

A

fracture

288
Q

HNP

A

herniated nucleus pulposus

289
Q

JRA

A

juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

290
Q

L1, L2, etc.

A

first lumbar vertebra, etc.

291
Q

LE

A

lower extremity

292
Q

LLE

A

left lower extremity

293
Q

LUE

A

left upper extremity

294
Q

NSAID

A

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

295
Q

OA

A

osteoarthritis

296
Q

ORIF

A

open reduction- internal fixation

297
Q

Orth, ortho

A

orthopedics

298
Q

P

A

phosphorus

299
Q

RA

A

rheumatoid arthritis

300
Q

RLE

A

right lower extremity

301
Q

ROM

A

range of motion

302
Q

RUE

A

right upper extremity

303
Q

SLE

A

systematic lupus erythematosus

304
Q

T1, T2, etc.

A

first thoracic vertebra, etc.

305
Q

THA

A

total hip arthroplasty

306
Q

THR

A

total hip replacement

307
Q

TKA

A

total knee replacement

308
Q

TKR

A

total knee replacement

309
Q

TMJ

A

temporomandibular joint

310
Q

UE

A

upper extremity

311
Q

cleid/o

A

clavicle

312
Q

duct/o

A

to bring

313
Q

extens/o

A

to stretch out

314
Q

fasci/o

A

fibrous band

315
Q

fibr/o

A

fibers

316
Q

flex/o

A

to bend

317
Q

kinesi/o

A

movement

318
Q

muscul/o

A

muscle

319
Q

my/o

A

muscle

320
Q

myos/o

A

muscle

321
Q

plant/o

A

sole of foot

322
Q

rotat/o

A

to revolve

323
Q

ten/o

A

tendon

324
Q

tend/o

A

tendon

325
Q

tendin/o

A

tendon

326
Q

vers/o

A

to turn

327
Q

-asthenia

A

weakness

328
Q

-ion

A

action, condition

329
Q

-kinesia

A

movement

330
Q

-tonia

A

tone

331
Q

-trophic

A

pertaining to development

332
Q

ab-

A

away from

333
Q

ad-

A

toward

334
Q

circum-

A

around

335
Q

e-

A

outward

336
Q

abduction

A

movement away from midline of body

337
Q

adduction

A

movement toward midline of body

338
Q

flexion

A

act of bending or being bent

339
Q

extension

A

brings limb into a straight condition

340
Q

dorsiflexion

A

backward bending foot

341
Q

plantar flexion

A

bending sole of foot; pointing toes

342
Q

eversion

A

turning outward

343
Q

inversion

A

turning inward

344
Q

pronation

A

turning palm downward

345
Q

supination

A

turning palm upward

346
Q

elevation

A

to raise

347
Q

depression

A

to drop down

348
Q

circumduction

A

act of leading in a circular direction from a central point as if drawing a large, imaginary circle

349
Q

opposition

A

moving thumb away from palm; the ability to move the thumb into contact with the other fingers

350
Q

rotation

A

act of revolving around a central axis

351
Q

carp/o

A

wrist

352
Q

electr/o

A

electricity

353
Q

fasci/o

A

fibrous band

354
Q

fibr/o

A

fibers

355
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

356
Q

-algia

A

pain

357
Q

-ar

A

pertaining to

358
Q

-asthenia

A

weakness

359
Q

-desis

A

to fuse

360
Q

-dynia

A

pain

361
Q

-gram

A

record

362
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

363
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

364
Q

-kinesia

A

movement

365
Q

-logy

A

study of

366
Q

-opsy

A

view of

367
Q

-otomy

A

cutting into

368
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

369
Q

-pathy

A

disease

370
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

371
Q

-rrhaphy

A

suture

372
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupture

373
Q

-tonia

A

tone

374
Q

-trophic

A

pertaining to development

375
Q

-trophy

A

development

376
Q

a-

A

without

377
Q

brady-

A

slow

378
Q

dys-

A

abnormal, painful, difficult

379
Q

epi-

A

above

380
Q

hyper-

A

excessive

381
Q

hypo-

A

insufficient

382
Q

poly-

A

many

383
Q

pseudo-

A

false

384
Q

re-

A

again

385
Q

ultra-

A

beyond

386
Q

fascial

A

pertaining to fascia

387
Q

fibrous

A

pertaining to fascia

388
Q

muscular

A

pertaining to muscles

389
Q

musculoskeletal

A

pertaining to muscles and skeleton

390
Q

tendinous

A

pertaining to tendons

391
Q

kinesiology

A

the science that studies movement, how it is produced, and the muscles involved

392
Q

adhesion

A

scar tissue in the fascia

393
Q

atonia

A

lack of muscle tone

394
Q

atrophy

A

poor muscle development

395
Q

bradykinesia

A

having slow movements

396
Q

cronacture

A

abnormal shortening of muscle fibers, tendons, or fascia

397
Q

dyskinesia

A

having difficult or abnormal movements

398
Q

dystonia

A

having abnormal muscle tone

399
Q

hyperkinesia

A

having an excessive amount of movement

400
Q

hypertonia

A

having excessive muscle tone

401
Q

hypertrophy

A

increase in muscle bulk from use

402
Q

hypokinesia

A

having insufficient amount of movement

403
Q

hypotonia

A

having insufficient muscle tone

404
Q

myalgia

A

muscle pain

405
Q

myasthenia

A

muscle weakness

406
Q

myotonia

A

muscle tone

407
Q

spasm

A

sudden, involuntary, strong muscle contraction

408
Q

tenodynia

A

tendon pain

409
Q

fibromyalgia

A

widespread aching and pain in muscles and soft tissue

410
Q

lateral epicondylitis

A

inflammation of elbow muscles

411
Q

muscular dystrophy (MD)

A

inherited disease with progressive muscle atrophy

412
Q

myopathy

A

general term for muscle disease

413
Q

myorrhexis

A

tearing a muscle

414
Q

necrotizing fasciitis (NF)

A

infection that results in death of the soft tissue

415
Q

polymyositis

A

inflammation of two or more muscles

416
Q

pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy

A

one type of inherited muscular dystrophy

417
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

A

repetitive motion disorder; compression of finger tendons and median nerve as they pass through carpal tunnel of the wrist

418
Q

tendinitis

A

inflammation of a tendon

419
Q

creatine kinase (CK)

A

blood test for the presence of muscle enzymes found in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle

420
Q

deep tendon reflexes (DTR)

A

muscle contraction in response to stretch

421
Q

electromyogram

A

hardcopy record produced by EMG

422
Q

electromyography (EMG)

A

study of strength and quality of muscle contraction in response to electrical stimulation

423
Q

fasciotomy

A

surgically cutting into fascia

424
Q

myoplasty

A

surgical repair of the muscle

425
Q

myorrhaphy

A

procedure to suture together a muscle

426
Q

tendoplasty

A

surgical repair of a tendon

427
Q

tendotomy

A

procedure to cut into a tendon

428
Q

tenodesis

A

surgical stabilization of a joint by anchoring down tendons of muscles that move the joint

429
Q

tenoplasty

A

surgical repair of a tendon

430
Q

tenorrhaphy

A

procedure to suture together a tendon

431
Q

CK

A

creatine kinase

432
Q

CPK

A

creatine phosphokinase

433
Q

CTS

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

434
Q

DTR

A

deep tendon reflexes

435
Q

EMG

A

electromyogram

436
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

437
Q

MD

A

muscular dystrophy

438
Q

NF

A

necrotizing fasciitis

AHS 102 003 Med Term (4 decks)

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