Chapter 10: Female Reproductive System Flashcards
the female reproductive system does 4 things:
1- produces ova
2- provides a place for fertilization and fetal growth
3- secretes sex hormones
4- produces milk
the female reproductive organs include
- ovaries
- uterine tubes
- uterus
- vagina
- vulva
- breasts
amni/o
amnion
cervic/o
neck, cervix
chori/o
chorion
colp/o
vagina
culd/o
culd-de-sac
dilat/o
to widen
embry/o
embryo
episi/o
vulva
estr/o
female
fet/o
fetus
gynec/o
female
hymen/o
hymen
hyster/o
uterus
lact/o
milk
mamm/o
breast
mast/o
breast
perine/o
perineum
radic/o
root
salping/o
uterine (fallopian) tubes
uter/o
uterus
vagin/o
vagina
vulv/o
vulva
-arche
beginning
-cyesis
state of pregnancy
-gravida
pregnant woman
-para
to bear (offspring)
-partum
childbirth
-salpinx
uterine tube
-tocia
labor
ante-
before, in front of
contra-
against
primi-
first
the female reproductive system’s internal genitalia
- uterus
- 2 ovaries
- 2 uterine tubes
- vagina
the female reproductive system’s external genitalia
vulva
the ovaries produce and release an ovum about every ___ days
28
the process of ovulation is prompted by ___________ ____________ hormones
anterior pituitary
the ovaries also produce the female sex hormones _____________ and ______________
estrogen and progesterone
the uterine tubes transport the ovum from the _________ to the _____________
ovary/uterus
finger-like ___________ near the ovaries direct the ovum into the tubes
fimbriae
the tubes propel the ovum to the uterus for
implantation
fertilization typically occurs in the
upper half of the tubes
the uterus is located in the center of what cavity
pelvic cavity
the uterus is normally bent slightly forward in the
anteflexion position
the uterus can be divided into 3 parts
1- fundus: upper portion
2- corpus: central portion
3- cervix: lower portion
the uterus is made of 3 layers
1- endometrium
2- myometrium
3- perimetrium
endometrium
the inner layer with a rich blood supply
myometrium
the middle layer of thick muscle
perimetrium
the outer layer that helps hold the uterus in position
if pregnancy is not established, most of the endometrium is ____________ ____ and this is called
sloughed off/menstruation
the first menstruation is ____________ and occurs around ___ years of age
menarche/12
the end of menstruation and the childbearing years is menopause between ___ and ___ years of age
40 and 55
the vagina is a thin muscular tube lined with
mucous membrane
the vagina extends from the __________ to the exterior
cervix
the vagina allows
- passage for menstrual flow
- receives the penis and semen
- serves as the birth canal
the _________ covers the external orifice
hymen
the _____________ _________ provide lubrication for intercourse
Bartholin’s glands
the __________ __________ and ___________ are skin folds that protect the genitalia, vaginal orifice, and urinary meatus
labia majora and minora
the ___________ is erectile tissue aroused during sexual stimulation
clitoris
the _____________ lies between the vaginal orifice and the anus
perineum
the breasts produce milk through the process of _____________ to nourish an infant
lactation
milk is produced by the ______________ _________ and is carried to the nipple by the ______________ _________
lactiferous glands/lactiferous ducts
the ________ is the pigmented area around the nipple
areola
the breast will secrete milk as long as it is stimulated by
a nursing infant
the period of time during which the fetus develops in the uterus
pregnancy
normal pregnancy length, or ____________, is ____ weeks
gestation/ 40
from implantation through week 8,
organs form and the baby is an embryo
from week 8 through birth
the organs mature and the baby is a fetus
the fetus receives nourishment by way of the spongy, blood-filled
placenta
the placenta is an organ and is delivered
following the birth of the baby
the ____________ _______ attaches the fetus to the placenta
umbilical cord
the _________ is the innermost of the two protective sacs
amnion
the _________ is the outermost sac
chorion
labor occurs in 3 stages
1- dilation
2- expulsion
3- placental stage
during dilation, the uterine muscle contracts strongly to
expel the fetus
in later stages of pregnancy, a woman may experience
Braxton Hicks contractions
___________________________ that help the uterine muscle strengthen for labor and delivery
irregular uterine contractions
the fetus presses on the cervix, causing
it to dilate
as the cervix dilates, it becomes thinner through
effacement
expulsion begins when the cervix
dilates 10 cm
expulsion ends with
the delivery of the baby
what part of the baby usually appears first
the head
if any other part of the baby other than the head presents first
breech presentation
the placental stage occurs
immediately after birth
the placental stage causes expulsion of the
placenta
abdomin/o
abdomen
amni/o
amnion
bi/o
life
carcin/o
cancer
cervic/o
cervix
chori/o
chorion
colp/o
vagina
culd/o
cul-de-sac
cyst/o
urinary bladder
dilat/o
to widen
embry/o
embryo
episi/o
vulva
