chapter 6.2 Flashcards

1
Q

What other factors affect weight other then calorie expenditure and consumption?

A

stress, food availability and accesbility, depression and sleep

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2
Q

How many hours of sitting a day puts you at health risk

A

6 hours

3 hours is better

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3
Q

why is it important to get good sleep in

A

people who are sleep deprived are more likely to eat more because they have a greater release of ghrelin in lower release of leptin

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4
Q

How much calories does it take to lose or gain 1 pound.

A

3500

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5
Q

RMR vs BMR

A

RMR includes BMR and any other sedentary activities throughout the day (sitting, standing, digestion), Bmr is body under resting condition at normal room temperatures

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6
Q

EMR vs TEF

A

energy expenditure due to physical activity (walking stairs, vaccuming, washing dishes) vs energy required to digest, absorb, and metabolize nutrients

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7
Q

define Ketosis

A

body adapts to prolonged fasting or carb deprivation by converting body fat to fuel

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8
Q

Very low calorie diets have?

A

400-700

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9
Q

how many gene marker have been related to obesity

A

250

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10
Q

likeliness of obesity if a child has one obese parent? 2 obese parnets?

A

40%. 80%

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11
Q

What gene is a promising candidate for obesity

A

less than 1% fall into this category

GAD2 (promotes appetite)

Ob gene (disrupts bodys full signa;)

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12
Q

Ob gene theory

A

struggled with famine so gene promotes eating as much as possible while available in turn it lowered their BMR to help with fat storage

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13
Q

for obese people what is it believed about their hypothalamus

A

they will eat more often and more intensely due to it

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14
Q

What is Adaptive Thermogenesis

A

brain regrates metabolic activity according to caloric intake

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15
Q

what does GLP-1 do

A

hormon that slows passage of food and stimulate insulin

key in controlling obesity and T2D

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16
Q

Hyperplasia vs Hypertrophy

A

increase in number of cells during growth periods (babies, puberty) vs increase of cell size (fat cells increase as excessive calories are consumed)

17
Q

How many fat cells does average weight person with average fat levels have? what about obese individuals

A

30 to 50 billion

60 to 100 billion

18
Q

why do fat people have a harder time losing weight in terms of fat cells

A

trigger release once fat cell size decreases to increase appetite

19
Q

stepoint theory

A

fat storage is determined by thermostatic mechanism which body try to maintain a specific amount of body fat

20
Q

percentage of canadian do not meet the recommender about of moderate or intense physical activity per week

A

85%

21
Q

What percentage of all diagnosed cases of ED’s are in women?

A

95%

22
Q

how many girls between the age of 12-18 reported problematic food and weight behaviours

A

27%