Chapter 5 Flashcards
appetite vs hunger
hunger is physiological appetit is pyschological
nutrition vs nutrients
investigates relationship b/w physiological function and essential elements of food we eat vs constituents of food that sustains us physiologically (water, protein, carbohydrates)
what amount of unsaturated fates should be eaten
30-45mm 2-3 tablespoons
define digestive process
process by which food is broken down, absorbed, and excreted
how large is the esophagus
23-25cm
how large is the intestine
8 meter long
what is the 3 parts of the small intestine
duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
what is the major organ that determines where nutrients is stored
the liver
what two organs produce enzymes for the stomach
liver and pancreas
how long does the digestive process take?
24 hours
What is the DRI
dietary reference intakes, needed to avoid deficiency, reduce disease risk, and avoid consumption
how much of our water weight is accounted for our total body weight
50 to 60 percent
How much water should a women drink? men?
9 cups (3.7L), 12 cups(2.7L)
an athlete weighs 60kg before running and 58kg after running how much water should they drink
2L
When would a sports drink be necessary after exercise
if it is longer than 60 minutes
protein is the major _________ _______ of every cell
building blocks
protein aid in the transportation of
irn, oxygen, nutrients
how much calories are proteins per gram
4 calories/gram
how do i determine how much protein is need for my weight
0.8 grams per weight
what are the building blocks of proteins? how many proteins are found in animal tissue that humans cannot produce
amino acids, 22 amino acids
what is a complete (high quality) proteins
include ALL 9 essential amino acids
plants are
incomplete proteins
complete proteins
incomplete proteins
4 categories of plant proteins
legumes, grains, nuts and seed, vegetables
if we are eating non meat products what is the best way to get all your proteins
combine 2 of the 4 plant proteins
how many cals are in carbs per gram
4kcal/gram
what is the recommend intake of carbs per day
130 grams
where are complex carbs found
fruits, vegetables, and dairy
name 2 monosaccharides
glucose and fructose
name 3 disaccharides
sucrose
lactose
maltose
where do you find complex carbs
grains, legumes, other vegs
which food component makes up most of complex carbs
starches (flours, breads, pasta, rice, corn)
in what form is glucose stored in the liver
glycogen
