chapter 12.4 Flashcards
amount of deaths from cancer in 2015 (only canada)
78, 000
is cancer more common in males or females
males
what is happening to cancer statistics for male and females
decrease in men increase in women
lifetime chance of male being diagnosed with cancer
44.7%
53.2%
57.1%
46.7%
44.7%
probability of male dying from cancer? females?
29%. 24%
what percent of adults over the age of 50 are diagnosed with cancer? 70 and older
89%
43%
leading cancer for men? women?
prostate (24, 000)
breasts (25, 000)
which cancers make up 50% of all cancer deaths
lung, colorectal, breast, and prostate
what is the leading cause of cancer death for both sexes
lung cancer
highest mortalilty of cancer in canada? lowest?
atlantic canada and quebec
british columbia
neoplasm
new growth of tissue that has no physiological function caused by uncontrolled, abnormal cellular development
tumour
neoplasmic mass that grows more rapidly than surrounding tissue
malignant vs benign
cancerous vs non-cancerous
define biopsy
microscopic examination of tissue
what do malignant tumours lack that benign tumours have that stop the spread to other cells
fibrous shell or capsule
define matastasis
spread of cancer to another part of the body
thoery of cancer
1) overworked/aged cells more likely to break down and have genetic errors producing other mutant cells
2) external agent enter normal cell and initiates cancerous process
3)oncogene (cancer-causing gene)- under perfect condition (radiation, age, stress) it is activated
does everyone have oncogenes
unsure if only cancer patients have oncogenes or if we have proto-oncogenes (genes that can become oncogenes in certain conditions.
what age does nearly 80% of cancer diagnoses come from
45+
55+
85+
70+
55+
a person who smokes has a ___ fold risk of developing lung cancer
20
how much cancer related deaths is smoking contributed to
80-90%
percent of cancer death attributed to being overweight
45%
28%
13%
34%
34%
postmenopausal women who are obese are at a 50% higher risk of developing breast cancer?
t or f
t
colon cancer in obese man does not show an increase
t or f
f
40% higher chance
what is the percent of breast cancer diagnoses for women vs men
25% 0.2%
what percent of new cancers are attributes to infections
31.2%
15.5%
16.1%
58.2%
16.1%
what percentage of women with cervical cancer have evidence of human papilloma virus
100%
types of hpv that is responsible for 70% of all cervical cancers
16 and 18
types of hpv responsible for 90% of genital warts
6 and 11
carcinomas
epithelial tissue cancer (breast, lungs, intestines, skins)
metastases in circulatory and lymphatic system initially then solid
sarcomas
mesodermal/middle layer of tissue (bones, muscles, general CT)
solid tumour
lymphomas
lymphatic system (hodgkin disease)
solid tumour
leukemia
bone marrow and spleen
abnormal increase in WBC count
carcinoma in situ
localized and curable
lung cancer
radiation and chemo
17% live 5 years or more after diagnoses
risk of breast cancer by age
50
60
70
1 in 50
1 in 24
1 in 14
1 in 9 women will develop breast cancer 1 in 27 will die
t or f
t
