chapter 12.4 Flashcards

1
Q

amount of deaths from cancer in 2015 (only canada)

A

78, 000

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2
Q

is cancer more common in males or females

A

males

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3
Q

what is happening to cancer statistics for male and females

A

decrease in men increase in women

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4
Q

lifetime chance of male being diagnosed with cancer

44.7%

53.2%

57.1%

46.7%

A

44.7%

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5
Q

probability of male dying from cancer? females?

A

29%. 24%

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6
Q

what percent of adults over the age of 50 are diagnosed with cancer? 70 and older

A

89%

43%

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7
Q

leading cancer for men? women?

A

prostate (24, 000)
breasts (25, 000)

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8
Q

which cancers make up 50% of all cancer deaths

A

lung, colorectal, breast, and prostate

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9
Q

what is the leading cause of cancer death for both sexes

A

lung cancer

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10
Q

highest mortalilty of cancer in canada? lowest?

A

atlantic canada and quebec

british columbia

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11
Q

neoplasm

A

new growth of tissue that has no physiological function caused by uncontrolled, abnormal cellular development

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12
Q

tumour

A

neoplasmic mass that grows more rapidly than surrounding tissue

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13
Q

malignant vs benign

A

cancerous vs non-cancerous

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14
Q

define biopsy

A

microscopic examination of tissue

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15
Q

what do malignant tumours lack that benign tumours have that stop the spread to other cells

A

fibrous shell or capsule

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16
Q

define matastasis

A

spread of cancer to another part of the body

17
Q

thoery of cancer

A

1) overworked/aged cells more likely to break down and have genetic errors producing other mutant cells

2) external agent enter normal cell and initiates cancerous process

3)oncogene (cancer-causing gene)- under perfect condition (radiation, age, stress) it is activated

18
Q

does everyone have oncogenes

A

unsure if only cancer patients have oncogenes or if we have proto-oncogenes (genes that can become oncogenes in certain conditions.

19
Q

what age does nearly 80% of cancer diagnoses come from

45+

55+

85+

70+

20
Q

a person who smokes has a ___ fold risk of developing lung cancer

21
Q

how much cancer related deaths is smoking contributed to

22
Q

percent of cancer death attributed to being overweight

45%

28%

13%

34%

23
Q

postmenopausal women who are obese are at a 50% higher risk of developing breast cancer?

t or f

24
Q

colon cancer in obese man does not show an increase

t or f

A

f

40% higher chance

25
what is the percent of breast cancer diagnoses for women vs men
25% 0.2%
26
what percent of new cancers are attributes to infections 31.2% 15.5% 16.1% 58.2%
16.1%
27
what percentage of women with cervical cancer have evidence of human papilloma virus
100%
28
types of hpv that is responsible for 70% of all cervical cancers
16 and 18
29
types of hpv responsible for 90% of genital warts
6 and 11
30
carcinomas
epithelial tissue cancer (breast, lungs, intestines, skins) metastases in circulatory and lymphatic system initially then solid
31
sarcomas
mesodermal/middle layer of tissue (bones, muscles, general CT) solid tumour
32
lymphomas
lymphatic system (hodgkin disease) solid tumour
33
leukemia
bone marrow and spleen abnormal increase in WBC count
34
carcinoma in situ
localized and curable
35
lung cancer
radiation and chemo 17% live 5 years or more after diagnoses
36
risk of breast cancer by age 50 60 70
1 in 50 1 in 24 1 in 14
37
1 in 9 women will develop breast cancer 1 in 27 will die t or f
t