Chapter 13.3 Flashcards
6-7 out of every 1000 canadian has what type of heptatitis
c
how many hep c carriers become chronic carriers
50%
hepatitis
virally caused disease which leaves liver inflamed, resulting in fever, headache and jaundice
most cases of hep c are men over the age of 30 what has happened in recent years
gender gap decreased and more young females are contracting it
incubation period for hep c
45-180 days
15-45 days
14-168 days
14-168 days
which type of hep is 3x more prevalent in aboriginal people
B
hep incubation period
45-180 days
15-45 days
14-168 days
45-180 days
hep b stats
less than 10% of children and 50% of adults symptomatics
less than 10% of adults and 90% of perinatal and children infected are chronic carriers
which hep as an incubation of 15-45 day incubation period
hep a
hep a stats
less than 10% of children and 50% adults are symptomatic
what is the difference between hep a and b other then incubation period?
there is no chronic carriers for hep a
what disease has the saying “the disease your friends diagnose”? why?
hepatitis
b/c of the yellowing of the whites of the eyes and skin
until what year was mumps a common viral disorder among children with up to 30, 000 cases per year
1969
what percent decrease did mups have from 1950s to 1990s
99%
who has the highets rates of mumps
65 and older
20-24 year olds
6-15 year olds
10 and younger
20-24 year olds
what gland swells when you have mumps
parotoid gland
risk of getting mumps
sterility in men (20-30% of post-pubertal cases)
infertility in women (5% post-pubertal cases)
incubation period for mumps
12- 16 days
7-14 days
16-18 days
40-56 days
2 months
16-18 days
what virus cause chicken pox
varicella zoster virus
incubation period for chicken pox
13-17 days
2-4 weeks
7-14 days
13-17 days
what happens after contracting chicken pox
virus is apparent for 1 week (blisters, clear fluid)
usually goes into hibernations
small amount of cases will develop rash on ones side of body
what happens if chicken pox reappears on both sides of body
its called shingles now
what percent of canadians are affected by shingles
3-12 percent
6-7 percent
15-28 percent
32-41 percent
15-28 percent
more cases of shingles has been reported in recent years particularly in individuals over what age
65
which virus is responsible for more child deaths than any other single microbe, due to complications from pneumonia, diarrhea, and malnutrition
measles
rubella
milder form of measles that causes rash and may cause damage to fetus or newborn baby
3 layers of defense and how they work
- skin (protective outer layer)
- Enzymes (decreases or increase ph level to destroy microorganism, secretion of sweat)
- temperature (elevation of body temp create inhospitable environment for many pathogen)
define antigen
foreign substance capable of triggering immune response
antibodies
substance produced by body to destroy or weaken specific antigens
what is humoral immunity
body does antigen analysis (size, shapes, foreign) and release specific antibody to destroy or weaken antigen
what is cell mediated immunity
formation of population lymphocytes that attack and kill invader (viruses, fungi, parasites, some bacteria)
key players in immune response
macrophages
lymphocytes
bone marrow
lymph nodes
glands
where are most B-cells made
hollow shaft of long bones
where are t-cells made
thymus behind breast bone (multilobed)
regulatory t cells
help direct activity of immune system assist b-cells to produce antibodies
helper t cells
activat b-cells, other t-cells, and macrohphages
killer t’s/cytotoxic t’s
directly attacks infected or malignant cells
which type of t cells are responsible for rejection of tissue or organ grafts
Killer T’s
suppressor Ts
suppresses activity of B-cells, Killer Ts, and macrophages
circulate in blood and lymphatic stream , trying to get body back to normal levels
what happens after attacker T and B-cells are successful
some are preserved as memory T and B cells so the body will recognize more quickly next time
rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, and myasthenia gravis are common examples of what types of diseases
autoimmune diseases
antigen-antibody response sometimes fail this result in what syndrome
immune deficiency syndrome
what is the temp for a fever
above 37 degrees celsius
why do we get fevers
creates inhospitable condition for virus and stimulates body to produce more WBC
why is pain important
causes person to stop activity so there is no more damage
first warnings of disease
if a person has other disease what may happen if they are vaccinated against another disease
they may have actual case of disease
