Chapter 13.3 Flashcards

1
Q

6-7 out of every 1000 canadian has what type of heptatitis

A

c

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2
Q

how many hep c carriers become chronic carriers

A

50%

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3
Q

hepatitis

A

virally caused disease which leaves liver inflamed, resulting in fever, headache and jaundice

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4
Q

most cases of hep c are men over the age of 30 what has happened in recent years

A

gender gap decreased and more young females are contracting it

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5
Q

incubation period for hep c

45-180 days

15-45 days

14-168 days

A

14-168 days

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6
Q

which type of hep is 3x more prevalent in aboriginal people

A

B

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7
Q

hep incubation period

45-180 days

15-45 days

14-168 days

A

45-180 days

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8
Q

hep b stats

A

less than 10% of children and 50% of adults symptomatics

less than 10% of adults and 90% of perinatal and children infected are chronic carriers

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9
Q

which hep as an incubation of 15-45 day incubation period

A

hep a

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10
Q

hep a stats

A

less than 10% of children and 50% adults are symptomatic

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11
Q

what is the difference between hep a and b other then incubation period?

A

there is no chronic carriers for hep a

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12
Q

what disease has the saying “the disease your friends diagnose”? why?

A

hepatitis

b/c of the yellowing of the whites of the eyes and skin

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13
Q

until what year was mumps a common viral disorder among children with up to 30, 000 cases per year

A

1969

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14
Q

what percent decrease did mups have from 1950s to 1990s

A

99%

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15
Q

who has the highets rates of mumps

65 and older

20-24 year olds

6-15 year olds

10 and younger

A

20-24 year olds

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16
Q

what gland swells when you have mumps

A

parotoid gland

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17
Q

risk of getting mumps

A

sterility in men (20-30% of post-pubertal cases)
infertility in women (5% post-pubertal cases)

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18
Q

incubation period for mumps

12- 16 days

7-14 days

16-18 days

40-56 days

2 months

A

16-18 days

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19
Q

what virus cause chicken pox

A

varicella zoster virus

20
Q

incubation period for chicken pox

13-17 days

2-4 weeks

7-14 days

A

13-17 days

21
Q

what happens after contracting chicken pox

A

virus is apparent for 1 week (blisters, clear fluid)

usually goes into hibernations

small amount of cases will develop rash on ones side of body

22
Q

what happens if chicken pox reappears on both sides of body

A

its called shingles now

23
Q

what percent of canadians are affected by shingles

3-12 percent

6-7 percent

15-28 percent

32-41 percent

A

15-28 percent

24
Q

more cases of shingles has been reported in recent years particularly in individuals over what age

25
which virus is responsible for more child deaths than any other single microbe, due to complications from pneumonia, diarrhea, and malnutrition
measles
26
rubella
milder form of measles that causes rash and may cause damage to fetus or newborn baby
27
3 layers of defense and how they work
1. skin (protective outer layer) 2. Enzymes (decreases or increase ph level to destroy microorganism, secretion of sweat) 3. temperature (elevation of body temp create inhospitable environment for many pathogen)
28
define antigen
foreign substance capable of triggering immune response
29
antibodies
substance produced by body to destroy or weaken specific antigens
30
what is humoral immunity
body does antigen analysis (size, shapes, foreign) and release specific antibody to destroy or weaken antigen
31
what is cell mediated immunity
formation of population lymphocytes that attack and kill invader (viruses, fungi, parasites, some bacteria)
32
key players in immune response
macrophages lymphocytes bone marrow lymph nodes glands
33
where are most B-cells made
hollow shaft of long bones
34
where are t-cells made
thymus behind breast bone (multilobed)
35
regulatory t cells
help direct activity of immune system assist b-cells to produce antibodies
36
helper t cells
activat b-cells, other t-cells, and macrohphages
37
killer t's/cytotoxic t's
directly attacks infected or malignant cells
38
which type of t cells are responsible for rejection of tissue or organ grafts
Killer T's
39
suppressor Ts
suppresses activity of B-cells, Killer Ts, and macrophages circulate in blood and lymphatic stream , trying to get body back to normal levels
40
what happens after attacker T and B-cells are successful
some are preserved as memory T and B cells so the body will recognize more quickly next time
41
rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, and myasthenia gravis are common examples of what types of diseases
autoimmune diseases
42
antigen-antibody response sometimes fail this result in what syndrome
immune deficiency syndrome
43
what is the temp for a fever
above 37 degrees celsius
44
why do we get fevers
creates inhospitable condition for virus and stimulates body to produce more WBC
45
why is pain important
causes person to stop activity so there is no more damage first warnings of disease
46
if a person has other disease what may happen if they are vaccinated against another disease
they may have actual case of disease