Chapter 13.2 Flashcards
how long must antibiotics be taken to treat tuberculosis
6-8 weeks
4-8 months
6- 12 months
6-9 months
6-9 months
5 factors tuberculosis drugs are dependent on
- Age
- overall health
- drug resistance
- form of TB (latent or active)
- infection location
by how much has the mortality rate of TB decreased by
40 million
41 percent
15,000
67 percent
41 percent
What is the top infectious disease killer worldwide?
TB
How many people fell ill from TB in 2014? How many died?
9.6 million. 1.5 million
what has led to the resurgence of such bacteria
phasing out of surveillance and control programs
multiple-antibiotic-resistant TB (MAR-TB)
large scale immigration
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
who is at a very high risk of developing TB
HIV positive persons
how many new cases of TB are reported annually
400
1300
700
1600
1600
how is TB transmitted
breathing infected air from infected person’s coughin or sneezing
why is it so easy for TB to be spread
ppl are contagious without symptoms
What population has higher rates if TB
aboriginal population
Black population
asian and latino population
western canadians
aboriginal population
The mantoux tuberculin skin test or Tb blood test can detect TB. If you do have it how long does it take to no longer be contagious? how long does it take to be cured?
2 weeks
6 months
define periodontal disease
disease affective tissue surrounding teeth
what percentage of people are affected by gingivitis?
40%
16%
32%
54%
32%
what percent of Canadians have moderate disease? percent that has severe disease?
16%
4%
pocket depth is measure as an an indicator of health
T or F
T
periodontal disease puts you at risk for what other systemic diseases
coronary heart diseases and type 2 diabetes
define viruses
tiny parasitic microbes that cause disease
RNA OR DNA
no metabolism or respiration
ONLY parasitic
why is treatment of viral diseases so difficult
many viruses withstand heat, formaldehyde, and large doses of radiation
define incubation period
time between exposure to disease and appearance of symptoms
what is a slow acting viruses? examples?
viruses with long incubation periods, causing slowly progressive symptoms
drugs that are used to kill viruses tend to also do what?
kill host cells
define interferon
protein substance produced by body that aids immune system in protecting healthy cells
do all viruses stimulate interferon production?
no
define endemic
continued prevalence of a specific infection or disease in a specific population or area
taking megadoses of vitamin C cures the common cold
T or F
F
what body part is the greatest sources of colds and other viral transmission
hands
colds are most contagious in the first
48 hours
36 hours
72 hours
24 hours
24 hours
why should children not be given Aspiring for colds and flu
Reye’s syndrome
characteristics of population who are at risk of influenza
people over 65
those with respiratory or heart disease
children under the age of 5
define influenza
viral disease of respiratory tract
Types of flu varieties in order of virulence
A, B, C
does immunity to one type if flu mean immunity to all?
no
when is the best time to get a flu shot and why?
in the fall before flu season because flu shots take 2-3 weeks to become effective
what disease is known as the kissing disease
infectious mononucleosis
symptoms of infectious mononucleosis
- sore throat, headache, weakness, nausea, chills
- enlarged lymph nodes, aching joints, jaundice, spleen enlargement
what virus causes the kissing disease
epstein barr virus
why is there discrpenacies with mono being called the kissing disease
not highly contagious
multiple cases among family members and intimate partners are uncommon
how longdoes mono last?
2 months
4-6 weeks
1-4 weeks
7 days
1-4 weeks
