Chapter 6 Vocabulary

Question 1

renaissance

Answer 1

a revival of learning in the beginning of the 14th century

Question 2

Johannes Gutenberg

Answer 2

invented the movable - type printing press

Question 3

anatomy

Answer 3

the structure of humans, animals, and plants

Question 4

shading

Answer 4

a technique for adding dimensions to figures in artwork

Question 5

perspective

Answer 5

a technique for adding depth to paintings

Question 6

Leonardo da Vinci

Answer 6

Italian artist of the renaissance who is well known for the last supper and the Mona Lisa

Question 7

The Last Supper

Answer 7

a famous painting by da Vinci

Question 8

Mona Lisa

Answer 8

famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci

Question 9

Michelangelo

Answer 9

renaissance artist best known for his painting on the ceiling of Sistine Chapel in Rome

Question 10

Sistine Chapel

Answer 10

a famous building in rome whose ceiling was painted by michelangelo

Question 11

Ghiberti

Answer 11

sculpted the door of the baptistery of Florence

Question 12

Brunelleschi

Answer 12

designed the dome for the cathedral of Florence

Question 13

humanities

Answer 13

subjects such as literature, philosophy, art, history, grammer, and speech that covered a wide spectrum human interests and experiences

Question 14

Petrarch

Answer 14

a pioneer of renaissance humanism and a central figure in Italian literature; known as the father of humanism

Question 15

Father of Humanism

Answer 15

nickname for Petrarch

Question 16

Castiglione

Answer 16

an Italian author who wrote the courtier

Question 17

Machiavelli

Answer 17

worked for the government in Florence; observed political events in Europe + wrote The Prince

Question 18

Erasmus

Answer 18

highly regarded scholar of the renaissance who mastered latin + greek

Question 19

Thomas More

Answer 19

served on King Henrys VIII + wrote Utopia

Question 20

transubstantiation

Answer 20

Roman Catholic doctrine that the bread + wine of the lords supper changed into the body + blood of Christ

Question 21

inquisitions

Answer 21

a roman church court set up to find and punish heretics

Question 22

indulgences

Answer 22

a document issued by the church of rome granting pardon from the punishment of certain sins

Question 23

John Wycliffe

Answer 23

a pastor, teacher, and theologian in england that produced the first bible in the english language

Question 24

John Huss

Answer 24

a pastor in bohemia who was influenced by Wyciliffe’s teachings and was burned at the stake

Question 25

Martin Luther

Answer 25

wrote the 95 theses and translated the whole bible into German

Question 26

Ninety-Five Theses

Answer 26

points of disagreement with the Roman Catholic church written by Martin Luther

Question 27

excommunication

Answer 27

a dismissal from the roman church denying any opportunity for salvation

Question 28

Ulrich Zwingli

Answer 28

Swiss reformer who studied and accepted Martin Luther teaching

Question 29

anabaptists

Answer 29

those who baptism again

Question 30

John Calvin

Answer 30

leading figure in the reformation who wrote institutes of the christian religion

Question 31

protestants

Answer 31

people who chose to follow scripture and leave the roman catholic church

Question 32

predestination

Answer 32

god deciding one’s destiny before birth

Question 33

jesuits

Answer 33

a catholic monastic order formed during the reformation to stop the spread of protestants

Question 34

index of prohibited books

Answer 34

list of books that were declared heretical by the roman catholic church

Question 35

Council of Trent

Answer 35

met several times over a 20 year period and wrote a statement of roman catholic beliefs and practices

Question 36

huguenots

Answer 36

french protestants during the reformation

Question 37

Edict of Nantes

Answer 37

guarantee by henry to the huguenots giving them limited religious toleration

Question 38

Thirty Years War

Answer 38

began as a revolt by the bohemians against loss of religious liberty, but soon became a major conflict between catholics and the protestants forces in Europe