Chapter 14 Vocabulary

Question 1

socialism

Answer 1

economic system, in which the government owns businesses

Question 2

karl marx

Answer 2

student of philosophy and history, who wrote the communist manifesto with Frederick engels

Question 3

proletariat

Answer 3

communist term for laborers, who rebel against the middle class, and bourgeoisie to make a classless society

Question 4

bourgeoisie

Answer 4

Capitalists

Question 5

communism

Answer 5

Economic system, in which property is commonly and not privately owned

Question 6

suffrage

Answer 6

The privilege to vote in elections

Question 7

temperance

Answer 7

drinking in moderation

Question 8

abstinence

Answer 8

no drinking of alcohol

Question 9

corn laws

Answer 9

British parliamentary law that made food in England expensive

Question 10

reform bill of 1832

Answer 10

entitled the middle class in Britain to vote

Question 11

chartism

Answer 11

movement in England in the 1800s that called for universal manhood suffrage and elections by secret ballot

Question 12

benjamin disraeli

Answer 12

British Prime Minister, who supported a bill that doubled the number of men who could vote

Question 13

reform act of 1867

Answer 13

granted voting privileges to all male homeowners

Question 14

william gladstone

Answer 14

disraeli’s Political opponent, whose stressed domestic reform during his terms as Prime Minister

Question 15

parliament bill of 1911

Answer 15

Changed the balance of power by no longer, allowing the house of Lord to Veto laws passed by the house of Commons

Question 16

louis napoleon bonaparte

Answer 16

elected as president of the newly formed French second republic in 1848 followed his uncle in Napoleon Bonnart example and declared himself president for life; He gave himself the title of imperial and 1852

Question 17

second empire

Answer 17

established an 1852 by Louis Napoleon Bonaparte when he gave himself the title of emperor

Question 18

third republic

Answer 18

French government that captured and deposed Louis Napoleon

Question 19

Anti-Semitism

Answer 19

Hostility toward Jews

Question 20

Dreyfus Affair

Answer 20

Episode in France during the 19th century in which a Jewish officer was falsely accused and imprisoned (example of anti-Semitism

Question 21

Pogrom

Answer 21

A sweeping, targeted, and repeated attack on Jews in Russia

Question 22

Romanticism

Answer 22

Western style of art, music, and literature characterized by an emphasis on the mysterious and supernatural, a longing for the Medieval Age, and a love for freedom, nationalism, emotion and nature

Question 23

Realism

Answer 23

Replaced romanticism as a new art form; pictured everyday life in realistic detail

Question 24

Charles Dickens

Answer 24

Wrote about the negative aspects of the Industrial Revolution, including the slums where many workers lived

Question 25

Leo Tolstoy

Answer 25

Described the difficulties of life in Russia; wrote the novel War and Peace

Question 26

James Maxwell

Answer 26

A scottish scientist who made major contributions to the fields of physics and astronomy

Question 27

Louis Pasteur

Answer 27

A French Chemist who made many important discoveries that prevented several diseases

Question 28

Pasteurization

Answer 28

A process developed by Louis Pateur in which milk and other liquids are heated in order to slow the the development of disease-causing microbes

Question 29

Charles Darwin

Answer 29

Provided the foundation for an evolutionary theory to explain the origin and changes of life; assumed a natural explanation for man’s origins

Question 30

Internal Combustion engine

Answer 30

An invention that produced power inside the engine

Question 31

Wright brothers

Answer 31

Made their first successful flight on December 17th, 1903

Question 32

Telegraph

Answer 32

Enabled people to write messages to others who lived far away

Question 33

Samuel Morse

Answer 33

Patented the first known telegraph; Developed the code to use with the telegraph machine

Question 34

Telephone

Answer 34

Enabled people to speak to others that lived far away

Question 35

Alexander Graham Bell

Answer 35

Patented the telephone

Question 36

Porfirio Díaz

Answer 36

Elected in Mexico based on his promises of a constitutional democracy and prosperity; transformed his government into a dictatorship

Question 37

British North America Act

Answer 37

Created the dominion of Canada with four provinces: Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia