Chapter 14 Vocabulary Flashcards
socialism
economic system, in which the government owns businesses
karl marx
student of philosophy and history, who wrote the communist manifesto with Frederick engels
proletariat
communist term for laborers, who rebel against the middle class, and bourgeoisie to make a classless society
bourgeoisie
Capitalists
communism
Economic system, in which property is commonly and not privately owned
suffrage
The privilege to vote in elections
temperance
drinking in moderation
abstinence
no drinking of alcohol
corn laws
British parliamentary law that made food in England expensive
reform bill of 1832
entitled the middle class in Britain to vote
chartism
movement in England in the 1800s that called for universal manhood suffrage and elections by secret ballot
benjamin disraeli
British Prime Minister, who supported a bill that doubled the number of men who could vote
reform act of 1867
granted voting privileges to all male homeowners
william gladstone
disraeli’s Political opponent, whose stressed domestic reform during his terms as Prime Minister
parliament bill of 1911
Changed the balance of power by no longer, allowing the house of Lord to Veto laws passed by the house of Commons
louis napoleon bonaparte
elected as president of the newly formed French second republic in 1848 followed his uncle in Napoleon Bonnart example and declared himself president for life; He gave himself the title of imperial and 1852
second empire
established an 1852 by Louis Napoleon Bonaparte when he gave himself the title of emperor
third republic
French government that captured and deposed Louis Napoleon
Anti-Semitism
Hostility toward Jews
Dreyfus Affair
Episode in France during the 19th century in which a Jewish officer was falsely accused and imprisoned (example of anti-Semitism
Pogrom
A sweeping, targeted, and repeated attack on Jews in Russia
Romanticism
Western style of art, music, and literature characterized by an emphasis on the mysterious and supernatural, a longing for the Medieval Age, and a love for freedom, nationalism, emotion and nature
Realism
Replaced romanticism as a new art form; pictured everyday life in realistic detail
Charles Dickens
Wrote about the negative aspects of the Industrial Revolution, including the slums where many workers lived
Leo Tolstoy
Described the difficulties of life in Russia; wrote the novel War and Peace
James Maxwell
A scottish scientist who made major contributions to the fields of physics and astronomy
Louis Pasteur
A French Chemist who made many important discoveries that prevented several diseases
Pasteurization
A process developed by Louis Pateur in which milk and other liquids are heated in order to slow the the development of disease-causing microbes
Charles Darwin
Provided the foundation for an evolutionary theory to explain the origin and changes of life; assumed a natural explanation for man’s origins
Internal Combustion engine
An invention that produced power inside the engine
Wright brothers
Made their first successful flight on December 17th, 1903
Telegraph
Enabled people to write messages to others who lived far away
Samuel Morse
Patented the first known telegraph; Developed the code to use with the telegraph machine
Telephone
Enabled people to speak to others that lived far away
Alexander Graham Bell
Patented the telephone
Porfirio Díaz
Elected in Mexico based on his promises of a constitutional democracy and prosperity; transformed his government into a dictatorship
British North America Act
Created the dominion of Canada with four provinces: Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia
