Chapter 6 Test Flashcards
What does the word renaissance mean?
Rebirth or revival
Where was the renaissance started and where did it spread to?
It started in Italy and spread north into Europe.
The renaissance affected three things. What were they?
- art
- architecture
- literature
What did Johannes Gutenberg invent?
The movable type printing press
What was so important about the movable type printing press?
It may distribution of books easier, and cheaper.
What does the term anatomy mean?
The structure of humans, animals and plants
Why did Artis want to learn about anatomy?
To make their art look more realistic
What five things led to the Renaissance?
- Rise of universities.
- Rediscovery of Greek and Latin learning.
- Scholars traveling to Europe.
- Grows in the middle class and more people had money to buy books and art.
- Works of art and literature, reflecting vernacular, which is the common spoken language.
During the middle ages, people stressed, heavenly things. In the renaissance, what did they start to realize was more important to the creation of God.
Nature and people
In art what does shading do?
It adds dimensions to drawings
In in art, what does perspective do?
It shows distance by making closer things, bigger, and further things smaller
What two things is Leonardo da Vinci most famously known for?
The Last Supper
The Mona Lisa
What is Michelangelo most famous for?
The ceiling of the Sistine chapel in Rome. (he painted it while laying down.)
What types of material did sculptures a used during the renaissance?
Stone or bronze
In the middle ages, art was flat. What did it look like in the renaissance period?
It looked 3-D or freestanding
In the middle ages architecture was in Gothic style. But during the renaissance, what did it resemble?
Greek and Roman style with rounded arches, columns and domes
What did a “renaissance man” need to know how to do?
Read, write, and reason; they loved learning
What is the study of humanities?
The study of human interests and experiences like literature, art history and speech
Who is a great example of a “renaissance man”
Leonardo da Vinci
Who is known as the father of humanism?
Petrarch
Why was Petrarch known as the father of humanism?
He spread the ideas of renaissance and copied Roman and Latin styles of poetry in literature
Who wrote a book on proper etiquette?
Castiglione
What was Machiavelli critical of?
He was critical of leadership, following classical in biblical virtues, if it did not benefit them in their quest for power.
Is virtue helped a ruler he should use it if it did, it help him he should disregard it. His views moved away from religious tradition.
What is Erasmus known for?
He was the first to publish a Greek New Testament, which was an important tool for the reformers
Who wrote Utopia, a story of a Christian society in the philosophy of Play-Doh?
Sir Thomas Moore
Why was the inquisition started by the church?
It was started as a response to so many people questioning the teachings of Rome in the 13th century
What was the inquisition?
It was a church court set up to find and punish erratics. people were tortured to confess their wrong beliefs about God. It was meant to purge false doctrines, but drove people away from the church.
What was Martin Luther known for?
He was a monk who challenged the Roman church, and began the reformation. Fought against sale of the Indulgences. Wrote the 95 Thesis.
What was the Indulgences?
A paper that granted pardon from the punishment of sins
Who pushed indulgences to earn money to finish Saint peters Basilica?
Pope Leo X
What was John Wycliffe known for?
He was a pastor, teacher, and theologian who produced the first Bible in English later became the King James Version.
What is John Huss known for?
He was a bohemian pastor, who spoke out against corruption, but was burned at the stake for his teaching.
What did the Roman church threaten to do to Martin Luther?
They threatened him with excommunication, which means being kicked out of the church
Who was Ulrich Zeingli?
Wrote his 67 conclusions after reading Luther’s 95 Thesis.
Who were the anabatists? 
Those who baptized again, they rejected infant baptism. They wanted to be free of government control.
What was John Calvin most known for?
He taught predestination, which is the doctrine, that no Center can come to God on his own. God chooses to give grace to the people of his choosing.
What are the three central doctrines?
- Scripture alone.
- Faith, alone,
- Priesthood of the believers 
Who were the Huguenots?
French protestants that were persecuted and massacred in their homes
What was the 30 years or?
When various European countries, battled for either Catholic or protestant causes
