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Abdomen Board Review > Chapter 6: The Spleen > Flashcards

Chapter 6: The Spleen Flashcards

1
Q

a rare malignant tumor of the spleen that is derived from blood vessels

A

angiosarcoma

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2
Q

a herpes virus that can lead to infectious mononucleosis

A

Epstein-Barr infection

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3
Q

small echogenic calcifications that result from inflammation of the tissue in that area

A

granulomas

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4
Q

a benign tumor composed of blood vessels

A

hemangioma

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5
Q

a disease that results from the inhalation of an airborne fungus that can affect the lungs and may spread to other organs

A

histoplasmosis

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6
Q

specialized tissue within the spleen that performs its phagocytic function

A

red pulp

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7
Q

a systemic disease that results in the development of granulomas throughout the body

A

sarcoidosis

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8
Q

specialized lymphatic tissue within the spleen

A

white pulp

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9
Q

the spleen is a(n) _____________ organ

A

intraperitoneal

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10
Q

primary function of the spleen

A

filters blood

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11
Q

function of the spleen in the fetus

A

erythropoiesis

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12
Q

produces lymphocytes in the spleen to aid the immune system

A

white pulp

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13
Q

performs the phagocytic function in the spleen

A

red pulp

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14
Q

the splenic artery marks the superior border of what?

A

the pancreatic body and tail

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15
Q

the splenic vein joins with the ______ posterior to the pancreatic neck to form the ____________

A

SMV

portal vein

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16
Q

the spleen __________ in size with advancing age

A

decreases

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17
Q

the most common abnormality of the spleen

A

splenomegaly

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18
Q

the spleen should never measure more than ____ in length and ____ in thickness

A

12 cm

5 cm

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19
Q

the most common cause of splenomegaly

A

portal hypertension

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20
Q 
Clinical findings:
palpable, enlarged spleen
hemolytic abnormalities
trauma
infection
possible elevated white blood cell and/or red blood cell count
A

splenomegaly

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21
Q

Sonographic findings:

enlargement of the spleen to greater than 12 cm length or 5 cm thickness

A

splenomegaly

22
Q

Clinical findings:
asymptomatic
pain can occur with hemorrhage

A

splenic cyst

23
Q

Sonographic findings:
thin-walled
anechoic mass
posterior enhancement

A

splenic cyst

24
Q

Clinical findings:

sudden onset of LUQ pain

A

splenic infarct

25
Q

Sonographic findings:
acute - hypoechoic, wedge-shaped mass within the spleen
chronic - hyperechoic, wedge-shaped mass within the spleen

A

splenic infarct

26
Q

Clinical findings:
blunt trauma to the LUQ
severe LUQ pain
decreased hematocrit level indicating active bleeding

A

splenic trauma

27
Q

Sonographic findings:
acute hemorrhage - isoechoic
later stages of hemorrhage - anechoic or echogenic
can have a complex appearance or calcified walls

A

splenic trauma

28
Q

Clinical findings:
asymptomatic
pain occurs with hemorrhage

A

splenic hemangioma

29
Q

Sonographic findings:

well-defined, hyperechoic mass

A

splenic hemangioma

30
Q

small echogenic foci seen throughout the spleen

A

granulomas

31
Q

primary malignant tumor of the spleen

A

angiosarcoma

32
Q

most common malignancy of the spleen

A

lymphoma

33
Q 
A rare malignant tumor of the spleen that consists of blood vessels is a/an:
A. lymphoma
B. angiosarcoma
C. hemangioma
D. granuloma
A

angiosarcoma

34
Q 
What is the most common sonographic appearance of a splenic hemangioma?
A. echogenic
B. hypoechoic
C. anechoic
D. complex
A

echogenic

35
Q

The splenic artery marks the:
A. posterior aspect of the pancreatic body and tail
B. superior aspect of the pancreatic body and tail
C. medial surface of the pancreatic body and tail
D. lateral aspect of the pancreatic body and tail

A

superior aspect of the pancreatic body and tail

36
Q 
The type of tissue within the spleen that is responsible for its phagocytic function is the:
A. red pulp
B. white pulp
C. culling pulp
D. pitting pulp
A

red pulp

37
Q 
A 32-year-old female patient presents to the ultrasound department for an abdominal sonogram. An evaluation of the spleen reveals a 1-cm, rounded, echogenic mass that does not produce acoustic shadowing. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. pheochromocytoma
B. lipoma
C. splenic metastasis
D. hemangioma
A

hemangioma

38
Q 
The type of tissue within the spleen that is responsible for its lymphatic function is the:
A. red pulp
B. white pulp
C. culling segment
D. pitting segment
A

white pulp

39
Q

The splenic vein marks the:
A. posterior aspect of the pancreatic body and tail
B. anterior aspect of the pancreatic body and tail
C. medial surface of the pancreatic body and tail
D. lateral aspect of the pancreatic body and tail

A

posterior aspect of the pancreatic body and tail

40
Q 
All of the following are functions of the spleen except:
A. storage of iron
B. defense against disease
C. blood reservoir
D. destruction of phagocytic cells
A

destruction of phagocytic cells

41
Q 
All of the following can be associated with splenomegaly except:
A. trauma
B. hemolytic abnormalities
C. mononucleosis
D. pancreatitis
A

pancreatitis

42
Q 
Diffuse involvement of lymphoma or leukemia of the spleen will often lead to:
A. splenomegaly
B. splenic atrophy
C. Epstein-Barr infection
D. splenic torsion
A

splenomegaly

43
Q 
The splenic artery originates at the:
A. superior mesenteric artery
B. inferior phrenic artery
C. celiac trunk
D. gastroduodenal artery
A

celiac trunk

44
Q 
A 35-year-old male patient presents to the ultrasound department for an abdominal sonogram with a history of abdominal pain and histoplasmosis. What are you more likely to identify within the spleen?
A. multiple histomas
B. multiple hemangiomas
C. multiple metastatic lesions
D. multiple granulomas
A

multiple granulomas

45
Q 
A 14-year-old male patient presents to the ultrasound department after falling from his bicycle. An abdominal sonogram reveals a complex-appearing mass within the spleen. This most likely represents a:
A. splenic hemangioma
B. splenic granuloma
C. splenic hematoma
D. splenic infarct
A

splenic hematoma

46
Q 
Sickle cell disease will often lead to:
A. splenic metastasis
B. sarcoidosis
C. splenomegaly
D. wandering spleen
A

splenomegaly

47
Q

Epstein-Barr infection is best described as:
A. a herpesvirus that can lead to infectious mononucleosis in children
B. a herpesvirus that is often associated with splenic granulomatous disease
C. an infection that results in sickle cell anemia in children
D. an infection within a splenic hematoma following blunt trauma

A

a herpesvirus that can lead to infectious mononucleosis in children

48
Q 
The spleen removes irregular cells from the bloodstream and retains them through a process called:
A. pitting
B. culling
C. crimping
D. amassing
A

culling

49
Q 
What systemic disease results in the development of granulomas within the spleen and throughout the body?
A. granulomatosis
B. sarcoidosis
C. sickle cell anemia
D. histoplasmosis
A

sarcoidosis

50
Q 
From the list below, what is the most likely clinical finding of a patient who has a splenic hemangioma?
A. fever
B. decreased hematocrit
C. elevated WBC count
D. none
A

none

51
Q

All of the following are true of the spleen except:
A. it is the largest structure of the reticuloendothelial system
B. the primary objective of the spleen is to filter the peripheral blood
C. the spleen has a convex inferior margin and a concave superior border
D. the spleen is considered the largest lymphatic organ

A

the spleen has a convex inferior margin and a concave superior border

52
Q 
The splenic vein joins with what structure posterior to the pancreatic neck to form the portal vein?
A. inferior mesenteric artery
B. superior mesenteric vein
C. left renal vein
D. main hepatic vein
A

superior mesenteric vein

Abdomen Board Review (14 decks)

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