Chapter 11: Noncardiac Chest and Retroperitoneum

Question 1

a mass consisting of abnormal bronchial and lung tissue that develops within the fetal chest

Answer 1

cystic adenomatoid malformation

Question 2

an inherited bleeding disorder that inhibits the control of blood clotting

Answer 2

hemophiliac

Question 3

the replacement of normal air-filled alveoli with fluid, inflammation, blood, or neoplastic cells

Answer 3

lung consolidation

Question 4

normal abdominal lymph nodes are normally not seen and measure less than ____

Answer 4

1 cm

Question 5

Clinical findings:
migraine medication use
back pain
flank pain
weight loss
nausea
vomiting
malaise

Answer 5

retroperitoneal fibrosis

Question 6

Sonographic findings:

large, hypoechoic mass surrounding the abdominal aorta

Answer 6

retroperitoneal fibrosis

Question 7

most common location for a retroperitoneal hematoma, especially in the hemophiliac patient

Answer 7

within the psoas muscles

Question 8

Clinical findings:
hemophilia
trauma
recent surgery
low hematocrit

Answer 8

retroperitoneal hematoma

Question 9

Sonographic findings:

depending on the stage of the blood, may appear hypoechoic, complex, or hyperechoic

Answer 9

retroperitoneal hematoma

Question 10

Abnormal lymph nodes typically measure more than:
A. 10 mm
B. 7 mm
C. 8 mm
D. 1 mm

Answer 10

10 mm (1cm)

Question 11

All of the following are potential causes of lung consolidation except:
A. pneumonia
B. hemorrhage
C. carcinoma
D. pulmonary sequestration

Answer 11

pulmonary sequestration

Question 12

Common locations for abdominal lymph nodes include all of the following except:
A. mesentery
B. renal hilum
C. along the length of the abdominal aorta
D. within the subhepatic space

Answer 12

within the subhepatic space

Question 13

Lung consolidation typically appears sonographically as:
A. several internal echoes that radiate in a linear pattern because of air within the bronchi
B. an anechoic mass with posterior enhancement
C. an echogenic mass with posterior shadowing
D. a large, hypoechoic mass surrounding the pericardial space

Answer 13

several internal echoes that radiate in a linear pattern because of air within the bronchi

Question 14

A pleural effusion that is associated with infection will sonographically appear:
A. complex
B. anechoic
C. septated
D. all of the above

Answer 14

all of the above

Question 15

The tissue comprising a lung consolidation can appear sonographically isoechoic to:
A. the liver
B. the inferior vena cava
C. the aorta
D. the rectus abdominis

Answer 15

the liver

Question 16

Enlarged lymph nodes tend to deviate from their normal sonographic appearance and become more:
A. echogenic
B. anechoic
C. hypoechoic
D. either B or C

Answer 16

either B or C