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psyc > chapter 6 - punishment > Flashcards

chapter 6 - punishment Flashcards

1
Q

punishment:
1. occurrence of a _________
2. followed by an immediate ___________
3. behaviour is _______ likely to occur in future

A

behaviour

consequence

less (weakened)

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2
Q

a ________ is a consequence that follows a Bx and makes the Bx less likely to occur in the future

A

punisher

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3
Q

in positive punishment, a stimulus is ______________ following behaviour

A

added

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4
Q

a child sticks their finger in an electrical socket and gets shocked. as a result, the child never sticks their finger in a socket again. this is an example of ____________ punishment

A

positive

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5
Q

negative punishment involves ______________ a reinforcer when the Bx occurs

extinction involves ____________ the reinforcer for the Bx when the Bx occurs

A

removing

withholding

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6
Q

____________ is considered a generalized conditioned punisher

A

“no”

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7
Q

a(n) ______________ is an event or condition that makes a consequence more effective as a punisher

A

EO

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8
Q

provide an example of a common conditioned punisher

A

speeding tickets, warning from authority, look of disapproval

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9
Q

provide an example of an unconditioned punisher

A

pain, extreme levels of stimulation

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10
Q

time-out from positive reinforcement and response cost are examples of _________ punishment

A

negative

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11
Q

in negative punishment, a stimulus is ___________ followed the Bx

A

removed

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12
Q

positive punishment is:

the occurrence of a _____________
followed by the _________ of a(n) ______________
as a result, behaviour is ________ likely to occur in the future

A

behaviour

addition of an aversive stimulus

less

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13
Q

negative punishment is:

the occurrence of a _____________
followed by the _________ of a(n) ______________
as a result, behaviour is ________ likely to occur in the future

A

behaviour

removal of a reinforcing stimulus

less

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14
Q

a child holds a baseball card out the window as they are riding in a car, and the card flies away. as a result, they never hold a baseball card out of the window again. this is an example of ______________ punishment

A

negative

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15
Q

_____________ involves withholding the reinforcer for the Bx when the Bx occurs, and ______________ involves removing a reinforcer when the Bx occurs

A

extinction

negative punishment

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16
Q

when a stimulus is paired with a punisher, it becomes a(n) _______________ punisher

A

conditioned

17
Q

painful stimuli or extreme levels of stimulation are _____________ punishers

A

unconditioned

18
Q

people who experience or observe punishment are ______________ likely to use punishment themselves

A

more

19
Q

the use of punishment is ___________ reinforcing to the person implementing it

A

negatively

20
Q

identify the five problems associated with the use of punishment

A
  1. may produce aggression or other emotional side effects
  2. can be negatively reinforcing for the person using punishment -> may result in overuse of punishment
  3. may result in escape or avoidance Bx’s by the person whose Bx is punished
  4. its use is modeled and observers or ppl whose Bx is punished may be more likely to use punishment themselves in the future
  5. it’s associated with many ethical issues and issues of acceptability
21
Q

punishment is a process that __________ Bx, and reinforcement is a process that ___________ Bx

A

weakens

strengthens

22
Q

factors that influence punishment

A
  1. immediacy
  2. contingency
  3. individual difs
  4. magnitude or amount
  5. MOs
23
Q

motivating operations alter the ___________ of a punisher

A

potency

24
Q

EOs
- make a punisher _________ effective
- ________ likely to inhibit behaviour

AOs
- makes punisher _______ effective
- ______ likely to inhibit behaviour

A

more

less

25
Q

example: label and explain the EO/AO, Bx and S^P

  • tired
  • late for work
  • coworkers drink all the available coffee early on
A

EO
Bx
S^P

(more effective punisher because you are tired and want coffee)

26
Q

example: label and explain the EO/AO, Bx and S^P

  • full from snacks
  • late to restaurant (Bx)
  • forced to wait 2 hours to eat dinner (S^P)
A

AO
Bx
S^P

(less effective punisher because you are full from snacks)

27
Q
A

psyc (12 decks)

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