Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

psyc > chapter 2 - observing and recording bhvr > Flashcards

chapter 2 - observing and recording bhvr Flashcards

1
Q

compare and contrast the underlying mechanisms of mentalism and behaviourism

A

mentalism:
- focus on past
- hypothetical construct
- explanatory fiction

behaviourism:
- focus on current variables
- reinforcement
- shaping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a target behaviour

A

the behaviour to change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is indirect assessment

A

does not occur while the target behaviour occurs.

relies on interviews, questionnaires, rating scales, product measures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is direct assessment

A

direct observation and recording of target behaviour as it occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

purposes of behavioural assessment

A
  1. decide if a problem exists and if treatment is even necessary
  2. decide on best treatment
  3. measure treatment effects
    - recording may be treatment (reactivity)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the 4 steps to developing a behaviour recording plan (+2 more)

A
  1. define the target behaviour
  2. identify who, when, and where to record
  3. choose a recording method
  4. choose a recording instrument
  5. consider reactivity of recording
  6. interobserver agreement assessment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is interobserver agreement

A

when two ppl independently record smth and check if they got same results

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are some key points to defining the target behaviour

A

operational
- describe what the person does and says
- use active verbs
- no inference about internal states or motivation

evaluate effectiveness

measurable
- count times it occurs or seconds of engagement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are 4 recording methods

A
  1. continuous recording
    - real-time recording
    - percentage of opportunities
  2. product recording
  3. interval recording
    - whole
    - partial
    - frequency-within
  4. time sample recording
    - momentary
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are permanent products

A

effects behaviour produced on environment

eg
- pick up litter
- words spelled correctly
- made bed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is whole-interval recording

A
  • behaviour must occur throughout the entire interval to be counted
  • isn’t that useful or accurate
  • tends to UNDERSTIMATE behaviour
  • smaller intervals are better
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

partial-interval recording

A
  • record if behaviour occurs at any time during an interval
  • tends to overestimate behaviour
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

momentary time sampling

A
  • record if it occurs at moment each interval ends
  • surprisingly accurate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is reactivity

A

recording a behaviour has an effect on the behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how do you minimize reactivity

A

wait until person being observed becomes accustomed to the observer (or to self-monitoring)

record surreptitiously through observation windows or with participant observers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are some details about interobserver agreement

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

there are 2 types of behavioural assessment:

A

direct and indirect

18
Q

the first step in developing a behaviour recording plan is to define the ___________ you want to record

A

target behaviour

19
Q

a(n) __________ includes active verbs that describe the specific behaviours a person exhibits

A

behavioural definition

20
Q

when 2 ppl independently observe and record the same behaviour, and calculate their recordings were in agreement, this is called __________

A

interobserver agreement

21
Q

the _________ is the specific period in which the observer records the target behaviour

A

observation period

22
Q

Jerron recorded the number of times they used the word “fuck” each day. what dimension of behaviour was Jerron recording?

A

frequency

23
Q

Kiki recorded how many minutes she ran each day. what dimension of behaviour was Kiki recording?

A

duration

24
Q

The supervisor recorded how long it took for the technician to identify a plane after it appeared on the screen. what dimension of behaviour was the supervisor recording?

A

latency

25
Q

in interval recording*, the occurrence of the behaviour is scored in ___________ intervals of time.

*time sample recording?

A

consecutive

nonconsecutive
- you observe/record the behaviour during only part of each interval

26
Q

_______ is when the process of recording a behaviour causes the behaviour to change

A

reactivity

27
Q

_______ assessment involves recording the target behaviour as it occurs

________ assessment involves the use of interviews or questionnaires to gather info

A

direct

indirect

28
Q

recording the behaviour in brief observation intervals each separated by longer periods is called ________ recording

A

time sample recording

29
Q

recording the exact time of each onset and offset of the target behaviour is called __________ recording

A

real-time

30
Q

Verlin’s watch beeped every 1- min, and he recorded whether his son was playing appropriately at the time the watch beeped. This is an example of __________ recording

A

momentary time sample

31
Q

Adib’s watch beeped every 10 min, and he recorded whether he had picked his nose at any time during the 10 min since the last beep. This is an example of _________ recording

A

whole interval

32
Q

Kwang-Sun looked at their worksheets to record the number of math problems her students completed in a 20-min period. This is an example of ___________ recording.

A

product recording

33
Q

why is it important to record the behaviour you are trying to change when using behaviour modifcation?

A

helps you determine whether behaviour changed after the treatment was implemented

34
Q

what is a behavioural definition?

how does it differ from a label?

A
  • it describes what the person does or says.
  • includes active verbs describing specific behaviours
  • objective and unambiguous

labels
- are ambiguous. they can mean different things to different people.
- can be used incorrectly

35
Q

why is it important to identify who will record the behaviour?

A
  • they must have proximity to the client
  • they must be trained to identify the occurrence of the target behaviour
  • they must have the time to observe and record (eg a teacher has too many other demands)
36
Q

what is frequency-within-interval recording?

A

the observer records the frequency of the target behaviour but does so within consecutive intervals of time.

  • its a continuous recording method that happens to occur within consecutive intervals
37
Q

examples of 3 different recording instruments

A
  • stopwatch
  • golf stroke counter
  • phone/laptop
  • transfer coin from one pocket to the other
38
Q

recording must be __________ and ____________

A

immediate
- sooner = more accurate
- may forget entirely

practical
- little difficulty or disruption

39
Q

2 ways to reduce reactivity

A
  1. they get used to being observed
  2. video recording
40
Q

what are the standards for IOA (3)

percentage of sessions?
percentage of agreement?

A
  • assess across each condition and phase
  • collect min 20% of sessions (ideal min 33%)
  • agreement 80% or greater (ideal > 90%)

psyc (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions