Chapter 6 Protein Flashcards
- How many essential amino acids are there?
10
9
20
8
9
2.Ketogenic amino acids may become which 2 molecules that can be used to produce ATP?
Acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate
Glucose and fructose
Acetyl-CoA and pyruvate
Acetyl-CoA and glucose
Acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate
- In what form are proteins primarily absorbed?
Intact proteins
Dipeptides
Tripeptides
Single amino acids
Single amino acids
- Protein is involved in forming which of the following?
Electrolytes
Adipose tissue
Bones
Triglycerides
Bones
5 What are enzymes?
Protein-based structures which transport other compounds between cells
Protein-based structures which transmit electrical signals throughout the nervous system
Protein-based structures which primarily eliminate pathogens
Protein-based structures which catalyze chemical reactions
Protein-based structures which catalyze chemical reactions
6 What is the main protein involved in regulating fluid balance?
Leucine
Human growth hormone
Albumin
Hemoglobin
Albumin
7 How do protein and amino acids influence body pH?
They are only acidic and decrease body pH.
They do nothing to influence body pH.
They act as buffers to maintain neutral pH.
They are only basic and increase body pH.
They act as buffers to maintain neutral pH.
8 For an individual engaged in vigorous resistance training 5-6 days per week, what would be the most optimal protein prescription?
5 g/kg body weight
2.0 g/kg body weight
0.4 g/kg body weight
0.8 g/kg body weight
2.0 g/kg body weight
9.For an individual engaged in light aerobic exercise 2-3 days per week, what would be the most optimal protein prescription?
2.0 g/kg body weight
3.0 g/kg body weight
1.4 g/kg body weight
0.8 g/kg body weight
1.4 g/kg body weight
10 Which of the following is the best prescription for daily protein intake for an older, sedentary individual?
2.2 g/kg body weight
1.3 g/kg body weight
0.8 g/kg body weight
0.6 g/kg body weight
1.3 g/kg body weight
11 If a new client reveals they have kidney disease, what should the Nutrition Coach do?
Put them on a low protein diet.
Put them on a high protein diet.
Recommend replacing red meat with poultry or fish.
Work with their registered dietitian or medical doctor for dietary guidance.
Work with their registered dietitian or medical doctor for dietary guidance.
12 In general, what sources are complete proteins?
Foods labeled “high protein”
Plant-based products
All foods containing at least 10g of protein
Animal-based products
Animal-based products
- What are complementary protein sources?
2 foods with incomplete proteins that, when eaten together, supply all the necessary essential amino acids
Any combination of plant-based foods
Meat and vegetables
All protein-containing foods
2 foods with incomplete proteins that, when eaten together, supply all the necessary essential amino acids
14.A new client insists on maintaining their vegan lifestyle. How should the Nutrition Coach advise their protein source selection?
A Nutrition Coach should advise the client to consume a casein protein supplement.
A Nutrition Coach should advise the client to consume a whey protein supplement.
A Nutrition Coach should advise the client to consume eggs and nonfat dairy.
A Nutrition Coach should advise the client to consume a variety of grains, nuts, seeds, and legumes
A Nutrition Coach should advise the client to consume a variety of grains, nuts, seeds, and legumes
- A new client with goals to lose a little body fat and build a little bit of muscle describes their current eating pattern as normal, consisting of breakfast, lunch, dinner, and sometimes a snack or dessert. Should a Nutrition Coach recommend they eat more or less frequently to help them meet their goals?
No changes to meal frequency should be recommended.
Nutrition Coaches should recommend they stop eating snacks because grazing can lead to weight gain.
Nutrition Coaches should recommend they eat less frequently because they may reach their goals faster.
Nutrition Coaches should recommend they eat more frequently because they may reach their goals faster.
No changes to meal frequency should be recommended.
16 An existing client has been doing very well with meeting daily dietary recommendations with a three-meal per day eating pattern and they have met their goal to reach a healthy body weight with increased muscle tone. They express they would like to now pursue a new goal of a doing a physique competition within the next 12 months. Should the Nutrition Coach recommend they eat more or less frequently to help them meet their goals?
A Nutrition Coach should recommend they continue eating 3 meals per day because protein timing is not important whatsoever.
A Nutrition Coach should recommend they eat less frequent meals because it is not possible to get the low body fat necessary for such a competition eating 3 or more meals per day.
A Nutrition Coach should recommend they eat more-frequent meals because they can more frequently stimulate muscle growth.
A Nutrition Coach does not need to make any recommendations because the goal is not that extreme.
A Nutrition Coach should recommend they eat more-frequent meals because they can more frequently stimulate muscle growth.
17.What is an adverse effect of a high protein diet?
Sarcopenia
Decreased bone mineral density
Heart disease
Kidney issues in those with pre-existing conditions
Kidney issues in those with pre-existing conditions
18.What is the primary reason that plant proteins tend to make it more difficult to gain muscle compared to animal proteins?
Plant proteins do not have as many essential amino acids.
Plant proteins support muscle breakdown.
Plant proteins have more fiber.
Plant proteins are filled with phytoestrogens, which inhibit muscle gain.
Plant proteins do not have as many essential amino acids.
19 Which is most likely to impact longevity?
Protein restriction will enhance longevity.
Protein restriction will inhibit longevity.
Calorie restriction may inhibit longevity.
Calorie restriction may enhance longevity.
Calorie restriction may enhance longevity
20 Which of the following is true about high-protein snacks?
Protein-based snacks can help with satiety and weight loss but only if they are completely fat-free.
Protein-based snacks without excess fats or carbohydrates can enhance satiety and, therefore, weight loss.
Protein-based snacks offer no benefit to satiety or weight loss.
Protein-based snacks will enhance satiety and weight loss regardless of their fat or carbohydrate content.
Protein-based snacks without excess fats or carbohydrates can enhance satiety and, therefore, weight loss.
21 Which of the following may be the most optimal protein distribution pattern for a 70kg client with a goal to build muscle?
3 meals, each with 28g protein
4 meals, each with 15g protein
2 meals with 42g protein
4 meals, each with 21g protein
4 meals, each with 21g protein
22.Which of the following is the best protocol for fat loss while maintaining muscle mass?
A calorie-restricted, high-protein (1.8-2.2 g/kg body weight) diet & resistance training
A high-calorie, high-protein (1.8-2.2 g/kg body weight) diet & resistance training
A calorie-restricted, low-protein (0.4-0.8 g/kg body weight) diet & resistance training
A calorie-restricted, high-protein (1.8-2.2 g/kg body weight) diet & cardiovascular training
A calorie-restricted, high-protein (1.8-2.2 g/kg body weight) diet & resistance training
23
- What is dehydration synthesis?
Muscle protein synthesis occurring during a dehydrated state
Consuming protein without a beverage
Removal of 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen from 2 different molecules when the 2 molecules are joined together
When proteins help to regulate fluid balance by drawing water out of tissues into the bloodstream
Removal of 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen from 2 different molecules when the 2 molecules are joined together
- What are the essential amino acids?
Histidine, lysine, methionine, proline, tyrosine, tryptophan, leucine, isoleucine, valine
Histidine, lysine, methionine, proline, aspartic acid, carnosine, leucine, isoleucine, valine
Histidine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine
Histidine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, leucine, isoleucine, valine
Histidine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, leucine, isoleucine, valine
26.Is post-workout protein consumption more important for novice or experienced weightlifters?
Both novice and experienced
Post-workout protein is not important for anyone.
Novice
Experienced
Experienced
- What is an ideal daily protein distribution?
The most protein is consumed at the beginning of the day.
The most protein is consumed at the end of the day.
Each meal contains an equal amount of protein.
The most protein is consumed in the middle of the day.
Each meal contains an equal amount of protein.
- Is it ever okay for a sedentary person to eat a high protein diet?
Yes, but only a moderately high protein diet up to 1.6 g/kg body weight.
Yes, there is usually no issue with a sedentary person consuming a diet high in protein up to 2.2 g/kg body weight.
Yes, but only a little over the RDA, up to 1.2 g/kg body weight.
No, a sedentary person should never consume a high protein diet.
Yes, there is usually no issue with a sedentary person consuming a diet high in protein up to 2.2 g/kg body weight.
29
30.Does the Dietary Guidelines for Americans adjust RDAs according to a person’s activity level?
No, they are only based on body size.
Yes, they are adjusted based on activity level alone.
No, they are only based on protein sensitivity.
Yes, the recommendations are adjusted based on activity level, weight, height, and goal.
No, they are only based on body size.
31 To meet body composition goals, is it prudent for the client to meet the prescribed protein intake by choosing protein-based foods that also cause them to exceed prescribed fat intake?
Yes, as long as it is not coming from saturated fat.
No. It is inadvisable to overconsume other nutrients to meet protein needs.
Yes, because protein is the most important of the macronutrients.
Yes, if the goal is to gain weight. No, if the goal is weight maintenance or loss.
No. It is inadvisable to overconsume other nutrients to meet protein needs.
- Can post-workout protein consumption increase muscle glycogen synthesis?
Yes, when consumed with carbohydrates.
No, eating fats with carbs helps recover glycogen the best after a workout.
No, it never enhances glycogen synthesis.
Yes, it enhances glycogen synthesis on its own
Yes, when consumed with carbohydrates.
