Chapter 18 Dietary Assessment And Body comp Flashcards
1 Which document serves as a resource for health professionals and describes healthy diets that may help prevent diet-related chronic diseases?
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges
The Institute of Medicine Manual
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
Dietary Reference Intakes
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
2 Which Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) describes the average daily nutrient intake level sufficient to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group?
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
3 A food can be described as nutrient-dense if it has which characteristic?
It provides a large amount of vitamins and minerals per calorie.
It provides a large amount of protein per calorie.
It provides a small amount of fat per serving.
It provides a small amount of water content per serving.
It provides a large amount of vitamins and minerals per calorie.
4 Which of the following is defined as the regular food and beverage intake of an individual over time?
Recommended Dietary Allowance
Estimated Average Requirement
Eating pattern
Lifestyle matrix
Eating pattern
5 Which of the following is true about the number of calories an individual needs to consume each day?
It varies based on body size and sex.
It stays constant across different ages in adult populations.
It is usually not impacted by activity level.
It always ranges between 1,600 and 3,000 per day.
It varies based on body size and sex.
6 The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend emphasizing the consumption of certain food groups in the general population. What is one of these food groups?
Sodium
Whole grains
Raw sugar
Full-fat dairy
Whole grains
7 The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend limiting the consumption of certain food groups in the general population. Which of the following is one of groups that should be limited?
Trans fats
Fruits
Plant protein sources
Animal protein sources
Trans fats
8 Based on the national food survey called What We Eat in America, about 75% of the United States population has an eating pattern that is low in which of the following?
Fruits
Saturated fats
Protein foods
Grains
Fruits
9 Which of the following best describes a characteristic of a 24-hour recall?
It is a single-step process in which the client lists the brands of food items consumed in the last 24 hours.
It begins by making a quick list of foods and beverages consumed by the client.
It only needs to be performed for one day every 3 months for an accurate assessment.
It takes approximately 1 minute to complete.
It begins by making a quick list of foods and beverages consumed by the client.
10 When assessing body composition, a 2-compartment model divides the body into which two categories?
Fat mass and water content
Body mass and residual mass
Fat mass and fat-free mass
Fat mass and bone mass
Fat mass and fat-free mass
11 Which body assessment method counts all weight as equal, regardless of what the weight is made of?
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
Body Mass Index (BMI)
2-compartment model
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)
Body Mass Index (BMI)
12 Which of the following is considered a true “gold standard” method of body composition assessment?
A 4-compartment model
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
Air displacement plethysmography (ADP)
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)
A 4-compartment model
13 Which body-composition assessment determines how easily electrical currents travel through the fluids of the body?
Ultrasound imaging
Air displacement plethysmography (ADP)
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)
14 Which body composition assessment determines the volume of the body based on the relationship between body volume and air pressure?
Ultrasound imaging
Air displacement plethysmography (ADP)
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)
Air displacement plethysmography (ADP)
15 Which body-composition assessment method relies on the thickness of the fat layer under the skin to estimate body composition?
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
Skinfolds
Bioelectrical impedance analysis
Infrared 3-dimensional scanning
Skinfolds
16 Of the following methods, which estimate body-composition based on the 3-dimensional volume of the body?
Bioelectrical impedance analysis and bioimpedance spectroscopy
Ultrasound and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
Circumferences and skinfolds
Air displacement plethysmography and underwater weighing
Air displacement plethysmography and underwater weighing
17 Of the following methods, which estimate body-composition based on how easily small electrical currents travel through the body?
Ultrasound and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
Air displacement plethysmography and underwater weighing
Bioelectrical impedance analysis and bioimpedance spectroscopy
Circumferences and skinfolds
Bioelectrical impedance analysis and bioimpedance spectroscopy
18 Which body composition assessment method measures whole-body and regional (arms, legs, and trunk) body composition using low-energy x-rays?
Infrared 3-dimensional scanning
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
Bioelectrical impedance analysis
Skinfolds
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
19 Which body-composition assessment method involves the estimation of the 3-dimensional volume of the body through measurement of an individual’s displacement of air while they sit in a sealed chamber?
Infrared 3-dimensional scanning
Ultrasound
Air displacement plethysmography
Underwater weighing
Air displacement plethysmography
20 Which body-composition assessment method involves the estimation of the 3-dimensional volume of the body through measurement of an individual’s body weight while they are completely submerged under water?
Air displacement plethysmography
Infrared 3-dimensional scanning
Hydrodensitometry
Ultrasound
Hydrodensitometry
21 Which body-composition assessment method uses high-frequency sound waves emitted by a probe to visualize different parts of the body?
Infrared 3-dimensional scanning
Bioimpedance spectroscopy
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
Ultrasound
Ultrasound
22 What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates?
10 to 35%
45 to 65%
35 to 45%
20 to 35%
45 to 65%
23 What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for fats?
45 to 65%
35 to 45%
20 to 35%
10 to 35%
20 to 35%
24 What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for protein?
20 to 35%
35 to 45%
10 to 35%
45 to 65%
10 to 35%
25
26 The recommended average daily intake level when an RDA value cannot be determined is known as which of the following?
Adequate Intake (AI)
Tolerable Upper Limit (UL)
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
Adequate Intake (AI)
27 The average daily nutrient intake level estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group is known as which of the following?
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
Adequate Intake (AI)
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
Tolerable Upper Limit (UL)
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
28 The highest average daily nutrient intake level that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects to almost all individuals in the general population is known as which of the following?
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
Tolerable Upper Limit (UL)
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
Adequate Intake (AI)
Tolerable Upper Limit (UL)
29 The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that adults do not consume more than how much sodium per day?
3,600 mg
2,300 mg
3,200 mg
2,600 mg
2,300 mg
30 The amount of energy (i.e., number of calories) an individual uses at rest in order to sustain basic processes in the body is known as the which of the following?
Activity level
Resting metabolic rate
Total daily energy expenditure
Energy intake
Resting metabolic rate
31 The Dietary Guidelines for Americans provide which of the following beverage intake recommendations?
Choose sweetened beverages to satisfy cravings rather than eating dessert.
Stay hydrated by choosing whichever beverages are easiest to consume.
A beverage intake recommendation is not provided since the Guidelines focus on food.
Shift to healthier choices by limiting beverages with added sugar.
Shift to healthier choices by limiting beverages with added sugar.
32 Of the options provided, which body composition assessment method has the highest accuracy?
Electrical impedance myography
Skinfolds
Ultrasound
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
33 Body Mass Index (BMI) does which of the following in order to provide information about the body?
Describe the amount of fat mass in the body.
Include a waist circumference measurement.
Evaluate body composition using a 2-compartment model.
Report body mass while also taking height into account.
Report body mass while also taking height into account.
34 What is the recommended frequency for performing body composition assessments?
Every 1 – 2 years
Every 1 – 2 months
Every 1 – 2 days
Every 1 – 2 weeks
Every 1 – 2 months
35 Which of the following is true in regards to the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein?
It is based on the needs of active individuals.
It is sometimes criticized for being too low.
It is 1.2 g/kg/d.
It assumes that all protein comes from plant sources.
It is sometimes criticized for being too low.
