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PHS Medical Terminology > Chapter 6 - Diseases > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Diseases Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Infectious disease

A

Caused by harmful micro-organisms and parasites

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2
Q

Pathogen

A

Disease causing agent

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3
Q

Degenerative disease

A

Result of wear and tear, aging, or trauma

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4
Q

Neoplasia

A

Abnormal or uncontrolled growth of tissue

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5
Q

Immune disorder

A

Failure of the immune system, allergies, and autoimmune diseases

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6
Q

Metabolic disorder

A

Lack of enzymes or other factors needed for cellular functions.

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7
Q

Hormonal disorder

A

Under or overproduction of hormones or the inability of hormones to function properly.

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8
Q

Mental and emotional disorders

A

Affect the mind

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9
Q

Infectious diseases are caused by:

A

Viruses, bacteria, fungi, Protozoa, and worms.

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10
Q

Cocci

A

Round bacteria

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11
Q

Bacilli

A

Rod shaped bacteria

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12
Q

Vibrios

A

Short curved rods

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13
Q

Spirochetes

A

Corkscrew shaped bacteria

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14
Q

Chlamydia

A

Extremely small bacteria.

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15
Q

Rickettsia

A

Extremely small bacteria

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16
Q

Helminths

A

Worms

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17
Q

Inflammation symptoms

A

Heat, pain, redness, swelling

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18
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Process body uses to get rid of invading microorganisms, damaged cells, harmful debris.

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19
Q

Acute

A

Sudden, severe, short course

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20
Q

Benign

A

Not recurrent or malignant

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21
Q

Carcinoma

A

A malignant neoplasm

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22
Q

Chronic

A

Long duration, slowly progressing

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23
Q

Cyst

A

An abnormal filled sac or pouch

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24
Q

Edema

A

Accumulation of fluid in the tissues

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25
Q

Etiology

A

Cause of a disease

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26
Q

Hernia

A

Protrusion of an organ through an abnormal opening

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27
Q

Inflammation

A

Localized response to a tissue injury

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28
Q

Lesion

A

Distinct area of damaged tissue

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29
Q

Malignant

A

Growing worse, harmful, tending to cause death

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30
Q

Metastasis (v: metastasize)

A

Spread from one part of the body to another

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31
Q

Necrosis

A

Death of tissue

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32
Q

Neoplasm

A

Tumor or abnormal growth

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33
Q

Prolapse

A

Dropping or downward displacement of an organ

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34
Q

Sarcoma

A

Malignant neoplasm arising from connective tissue

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35
Q

Sepsis

A

Presence of harmful microorganisms or toxins

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36
Q

Alg/o, Algi/o, algesi/o

A

Pain

37
Q

Carcin/o

A

Cancer

38
Q

Cyst/o

A

Filled sac or pouch, cyst, bladder

39
Q

Lith

A

Calculus, stone

40
Q

Onc/o

A

Tumor

41
Q

Path/o

A

Disease

42
Q

Py/o

A

Pus

43
Q

Pyr/o, pyret/o

A

Fever, fire

44
Q

Scler/o

A

Hard

45
Q

Tox/o, toxic/o

A

Poison

46
Q

Brady-

A

Slow

47
Q

Dys-

A

Abnormal, painful, difficult

48
Q

Mal-

A

Bad, poor

49
Q

Pachy-

A

Thick

50
Q

Tachy-

A

Rapid

51
Q

Xero-

A

Dry

52
Q

-algia, -algesia

A

Pain

53
Q

-cele

A

Hernia, localized dilation

54
Q

-clasis, -clasia

A

Breaking

55
Q

-itis

A

Inflammation

56
Q

-megaly

A

Enlargement

57
Q

-odynia

A

Pain

58
Q

-oma

A

Tumor

59
Q

-pathy

A

Any disease of

60
Q

-rhage, -rhagia

A

Bursting forth, profuse flow

61
Q

-rhea

A

Flow, discharge

62
Q

-rhexis

A

Rupture

63
Q

-schisis

A

Fissure, splitting

64
Q

Dilation, dilatation

A

Expansion, widening

65
Q

Ectasia, ectasis

A

Dilation, distension

66
Q

Edema

A

Accumulation of fluid, swelling

67
Q

Lysis

A

Separation, loosening, dissolving, destruction

68
Q

Malacia

A

Softening

69
Q

Necrosis

A

Death of tissue

70
Q

Ptosis

A

Dropping, downward displacement, prolapse

71
Q

Sclerosis

A

Hardening

72
Q

Spasm

A

Sudden contraction, cramp

73
Q

Stasis

A

Suppression, stoppage

74
Q

Stenosis

A

Narrowing, constriction

75
Q

Staphylo-

A

Grape like cluster

76
Q

Strepto-

A

Twisted chain

77
Q

Bacill/i, bacill/o

A

Bacillus

78
Q

Bacteri/o

A

Bacterium

79
Q

Myc/o

A

Fungus, mold

80
Q

Vir/o

A

Virus

81
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Caused by the effects of treatment

82
Q

Idiopathic

A

No known cause

83
Q

In situ

A

Localized, non-invasive

84
Q

Nosocomial

A

Infection acquired in a hospital

85
Q

Septicemia

A

Pathogenic bacteria in the blood

86
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Excessive growth of normal cells in a normal arrangement

87
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Increase in size of an organ without an increase of cells (ie muscle growth)

88
Q

Induration

A

Hardening, abnormally hard spot or place

89
Q

Metaplasia

A

Conversion of cells to a form that is not normal for that tissue

PHS Medical Terminology (23 decks)

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