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PHS Medical Terminology > Chapter 21 - The Interaugmentary System > Flashcards

Chapter 21 - The Interaugmentary System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Derma

A

Skin

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2
Q

Cutaneous

A

Pertaining to the skin

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3
Q

Epidermis

A

Outermost portion of the skin consisting of 4-5 strata (layers) of epithelial cells.

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4
Q

Stratum basale

A

Deepest layer of the epidermis. Produces new cells

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5
Q

Keratin

A

Protein that thickens and toughens the skin

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6
Q

Stratum corneum

A

Outermost layer composed of flat, dead, protective cells that are constantly being shed and replaced.

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7
Q

Melanin

A

Produced by some cells in the epidermis. Pigment that gives skin color and protects against sunlight

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8
Q

Dermis

A

Layer beneath the epidermis. Contains connective tissue, nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, and sensory receptors. Nourishes and supports the skin.

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9
Q

Subcutaneous layer

A

Beneath the dermis and is mainly composed of connective tissue and fat.

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10
Q

Sudoriferous gland

A

Sweat gland. Temperature regulation by releasing watery fluid that evaporates to cool the skin

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11
Q

Sebaceous gland

A

Releases oily fluid called sebum that lubricates the hair and skin and prevents drying.

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12
Q

Arrector pilli

A

Small muscle attached to the follicle that raises the hair to produce goose bumps.

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13
Q

Eponychium

A

Nail cuticle. Extension of the epidermis onto the nail.

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14
Q

Derm/o, dermat/o

A

Skin

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15
Q

Kerat/o

A

Keratin, horny layer of skin

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16
Q

Melan/o

A

Dark, black, melanin

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17
Q

Hidr/o

A

Sweat, perspiration

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18
Q

Seb/o

A

Sebum, sebaceous gland

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19
Q

Trich/o

A

Hair

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20
Q

Onych/o

A

Nail

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21
Q

Bulla

A

Raised, fluid filled lesion larger than a vesicle

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22
Q

Fissure

A

Crack or break in the skin

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23
Q

Macule

A

Flat, colored spot

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24
Q

Nodule

A

Solid, raised lesion larger than a papule; often indicative of a systemic disease

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25
Q

Papule

A

Small, circular, raised lesion at the surface of the skin

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26
Q

Plaque

A

Superficial, flat, or slightly raised differentiated patch more than 1cm in diameter

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27
Q

Pustule

A

Raised lesion containing pus, often in a hair follicle or sweat pore

28
Q

Ulcer

A

Lesion resulting from destruction of the skin and perhaps subcutaneous tissue

29
Q

Vesicle

A

Small, fluid filled, raised lesion. A blister of bleb

30
Q

Wheal

A

Smooth, rounded, slightly raised area often associate with itching, seen in urticaria (hives) such as that resulting from allergies

31
Q

Dehiscence

A

Disruption of the wound layers

32
Q

Evisceration

A

Protrusion of internal organs through the lesion.

33
Q

Exudate

A

Wound drainage.

34
Q

Sanguinous

A

Bloody wound drainage

35
Q

Purulent

A

Pus containing wound drainage

36
Q

Cicatrization

A

Scar formation

37
Q

Keloids

A

Excess collagen formation during healing.

38
Q

Debridement

A

Removal of dead or damaged tissue from a wound.

39
Q

Eschar

A

Thick dark crust or scab

40
Q

Escahotomy

A

Scab removal

41
Q

FTSG

A

Full thickness skin graft

42
Q

STSG

A

Split thickness skin graft

43
Q

Superficial burn

A

Involves the epidermis only. Red, dry and minimal pain. Sunburn. First degree burn

44
Q

Superficial partial thickness burn

A

Epidermis and a portion of the dermis. Reddens and blisters and is painful. Severe sunburn or scalding

45
Q

Deep partial thickness

A

Epidermis and dermis. May blister with weeping surface or dry because of sweat gland damage. Scalding, hot grease or flame. Second degree burn.

46
Q

Full thickness burn

A

Full skin and sometimes subcutaneous tissue and underlying tissue. Broken, dry and pale or charred. Skin grafting or loss of digit or limb. Third degree burn.

47
Q

Pruritus

A

Itching

48
Q

Atopic dermatitis

A

Eczema

49
Q

Psoriasis

A

Chronic overgrowth (hyperplasia) of the epidermis

50
Q

Pemphigus

A

Formation of bullae in the skin and mucous membranes. Caused by separation of the epidermal cells from the underlying layers. Autoimmune reaction to epithelial cells. Fatal unless treated by suppressing the immune system.

51
Q

Lupus erythematosus (LE)

A

Chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the connective tissue.

52
Q

Systemic lupus erytgematosus

A

More widespread form of LE that involves the skin and other organs. More prevalent in women.

53
Q

Scleroderma

A

Disease of unknown cause. Thickening and tightening of the skin

54
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Cancer of the epithelial cells. Painless, firm, red nodules or plaque that may develop surface scales, ulceration, or crusting. Tends not to metastasize. Surgical removal or with X-radiation or chemotherapy.

55
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

A

Cancer of the epithelial cells. More than 75% of skin cancers. Usually appears as pearly smooth papule. Easily seen and do not metastasize. Cure rate at 95% after excision.

56
Q

Malignant melanoma

A

Overgrowth of melanocytes. Most dangerous as it tends to metastasize. Lesions of variable color with irregular border. Good prognosis if recognized and removed before it enters the invasive stage.

57
Q

Kaposi sarcoma

A

Once considered rare. Seen frequently is association with AIDS. Brownish areas on the legs. Become raised and firm as the tumor progresses.

58
Q

Alopecia

A

Absence or loss of hair

59
Q

Comedo

A

Plug of sebum. Often containing bacteria in a hair follicle. A blackhead.

60
Q

Dyskeratosis

A

Abnormality in keratin formation in epithelial cells

61
Q

Eccymosis

A

Collection of blood under the skin

62
Q

Ersipelas

A

Acute infectious skin disease with redness and swelling

63
Q

Mycosis fungoides

A

Rare malignant disease that originates in the skin and involves the internal organs and lymph nodes. Large painful ulcerating tumors.

64
Q

Urticaria

A

Skin reaction marked by temporary, smooth, raised areas associated with itching. Hives.

65
Q

Verruca

A

Epidermal tumor. A wart

66
Q

Xeroderma pigmentosum

A

Fatal hereditary disease that begins in childhood with skin discolorations and ulcers. Muscle atrophy. Increased sensitivity to sunlight. Increased susceptibility to cancer.

67
Q

Skin turgor

A

Resistance to skin deformation. Evidenced by the skin to return to position when pinched.

PHS Medical Terminology (23 decks)

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