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PHS Medical Terminology > Chapter 18 - The Sensory System > Flashcards

Chapter 18 - The Sensory System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Proprioception

A

Awareness of body position

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2
Q

Gustation

A

Taste

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3
Q

Olfaction

A

Smell

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4
Q

-esthesia

A

Sensation

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5
Q

-algesia

A

Pain

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6
Q

-osmia

A

Sense of smell

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7
Q

-guesia

A

Sense of taste

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8
Q

Pinna

A

Outermost portion of the ear

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9
Q

Tympanic membrane

A

Ear drum

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10
Q

Cerumen

A

Ear wax that protects the ear and prevents infection

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11
Q

Ossicles

A

3 small bones of the middle ear

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12
Q

3 bones of the middle ear

A

Malleus, incus, stapes

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13
Q

Vestibular apparatus

A

Where the sense of equilibrium is localized

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14
Q

Audi/o

A

Hearing

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15
Q

Acoid, acus, cus

A

Sound, hearing

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16
Q

Ot/o

A

Ear

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17
Q

Myring/o

A

Tympanic membrane

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18
Q

Tympan/o

A

Tympanic cavity, middle ear, tympanic membrane

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19
Q

Salping/o

A

Tube, auditory tube

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20
Q

Staped/o, stapedi/o

A

Stapes

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21
Q

Labryinth/o

A

Labyrinth, inner ear

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22
Q

Vestibul/o

A

Vestibule, vestibular apparatus

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23
Q

Cochle/o

A

Cochlea of the inner ear

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24
Q

Sensorineural hearing loss

A

Results from damage to the inner ear, 8th cranial nerve or central auditory pathways.

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25
Q

Otits

A

Any inflammation of the ear.

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26
Q

Otitis media

A

Infection that leads to fluid accumulation in the middle ear cavity.

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27
Q

Myringotomy

A

Incision and placement of a tube in the tympanic membrane

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28
Q

Otitis externa

A

Inflammation of the external auditory canal. Commonly called swimmers ear.

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29
Q

Otosclerosis

A

Bony structure of the inner ear deteriorates and then reforms into spongy bone tissue that may eventually harden.

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30
Q

Stapedectomy

A

Surgical removal of the stapes and a prosthetic bone is inserted.

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31
Q

Meniere disease

A

Affects the inner ear. Seems to involve the production and circulation of fluid.

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32
Q

Acoustic neuroma

A

Tumor that arises form the sheath of the 8th cranial nerve.

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33
Q

Palpebrae

A

Eyelids

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34
Q

Lacrimal gland

A

Creates tears

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35
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Thin membrane that lines the eyelids and anterior portion of the eye

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36
Q

Sclera

A

White of the eye. Tough surface protective layer

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37
Q

Uvea

A

Middle layer composed of 3 parts

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38
Q

Chordid

A

Vascular and pigmented layer of the Uvea. Located in the posterior portion of the eyeball. Provides nourishment for the retina.

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39
Q

Ciliary body

A

Contains muscle that controls the shape of the lense. Process called accommodation.

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40
Q

Iris

A

Muscular ring that controls the size of the pupil.

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41
Q

Retina

A

Innermost layer of the eye and the actual visual receptors. Two specialized cells: rods and cones.

42
Q

Rods

A

Function in dim light, provide low visual acuity and do not respond to color

43
Q

Cones

A

Active in bright light, high visual acuity and respond to color.

44
Q

Fovea

A

Tiny depression in the retina near the optic never with a high concentration of cones. Area of highest visual acuity.

45
Q

Vitreous body

A

Jelly like filling of the eye that refracts light.

46
Q

Aqueous humor

A

Fluid that fills the anterior of the lense. Maintains the cornea’s shape and refracts light.

47
Q

Blephar/o

A

Eyelid

48
Q

Palpebr/o

A

Eyelid

49
Q

Dacry/o

A

Tear, lacrimal apparatus

50
Q

Dacryocyst/o

A

Lacrimal sac

51
Q

Lacrim/o

A

Tear, lacrimal sac

52
Q

Opt/o

A

Eye, vision

53
Q

Ocul/o

A

Eye

54
Q

Opthalm/o

A

Eye

55
Q

Scler/o

A

Sclera

56
Q

Corne/o

A

Cornea

57
Q

Kerat/o

A

Cornea

58
Q

Lent/I

A

Lense

59
Q

Phak/o, phac/o

A

Lens

60
Q

Uve/o

A

Uvea

61
Q

Chori/o, choroid/o

A

Choroid

62
Q

Cycl/o

A

Ciliary body, ciliary muscle

63
Q

Ir, irit/o, irid/o

A

Iris

64
Q

Pupill/o

A

Pupil

65
Q

Retin/o

A

Retina

66
Q

-opsia

A

Condition of vision

67
Q

-opia

A

Condition of the eye, vision

68
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness. Eyeball is to long.

69
Q

Hyperopia

A

Farsightedness. Eyeball is to short and images form behind the retina.

70
Q

Presbyopia

A

Shortening of the eye due to aging.

71
Q

Astigmatism

A

Irregularity in the cornea or the lens that distorts light entering the eye and blurs vision.

72
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the conjunctiva. Pink eye

73
Q

Trachoma

A

Inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea caused by chlamydia trachomatis.

74
Q

Ophthalmia neonatrum

A

Acute conjunctivitis in newborns.

75
Q

Retinal detachment

A

Separation of the retina from the choroid.

76
Q

AMD

A

Age related macular degeneration. Can be wet or dry.

77
Q

Dry AMD

A

Material accumulates on the retina.

78
Q

Wet AMD

A

Abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina that cause it to detach.

79
Q

Diabetic retinopathy

A

Caused by circulatory issues due to diabetes mellitus

80
Q

Cataract

A

Opacity of the lens of the eye.

81
Q

Phacoemulsification

A

Extraction of the lens after high frequency ultrasound

82
Q

IOL

A

Intraocular lens

83
Q

Glaucoma

A

Abnormal pressure within the eyeball

84
Q

Amblyopia

A

Lazy eye

85
Q

Anisocoria

A

Pupils are not the same size

86
Q

Emmetropia

A

Normal condition of the eye in refraction.

87
Q

Blepharoptosis

A

Dropping of the eyelid

88
Q

Chalazion

A

Small mass on the eyelid

89
Q

Drusen

A

Small growths that appear as yellowish spots beneath the retina.

90
Q

Hordeolum

A

Inflammation of the sabeceous gland. A sty

91
Q

Keratconus

A

Conical protrusion of the corneal center

92
Q

Miosis

A

Abnormal contraction of the pupils

93
Q

Mydriasis

A

Pronounced or abnormal dilation of the pupils

94
Q

Nyctolopia

A

Night blindness

95
Q

Nystagmus

A

Rapid involuntary rhythmic movements of the eyeball

96
Q

Papilledema

A

Swelling of the optic disk

97
Q

Phlyctenule

A

A small blister or nodule on the cornea or conjunctiva

98
Q

Pseudophakia

A

Cataractous lens is removed and replaced with a plastic lens implant.

99
Q

Retinitis

A

Inflammation of the retina

100
Q

Scotoma

A

Area of diminished vision within the visual field.

101
Q

Strabismus

A

Deviation of the eye in which the visual lines of each eye are not directed at the same object.

102
Q

Synechia

A

Adhesion of parts

PHS Medical Terminology (23 decks)

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