chapter 6 Flashcards
what are tropic hormones
hormones that secrete other hormones
what are hormones that the posterior pituitary produces
ADH and oxytocin
what does ADH do
helps to control blood pressure and keep water
what does oxytocin do
stimulates uterine contraction and milk ejection
describe the process of Prolactin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus: prolactin releasing hormone
anterior pituitary: prolactin
target organ: breast
response: milk production
describe the process of prolactin inhibiting hormone
Hypothalamus: prolactin inhibiting hormone
anterior pituitary: inhibits prolactin production
describe the process of thyrotropin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus: thyrotropin releasing hormone
anterior pituitary: thyroid stimulation hormone
target organ: thyroid
response: increase cell metabolism
describe the process of corticotropin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus: corticotropin releasing hormone
anterior pituitary: adrenocorticotrproic hormone
target organ: adrenal cortex
response: cortisol
describe the process of growth hormone releasing hormone
Hypothalamus: growth hormone releasing hormone
anterior pituitary: growth hormone
target organ: liver and other cells
response: somatomedins and growth
describe the process of growth hormone inhibiting hormone
Hypothalamus: growth hormone inhibiting hormone
anterior pituitary: inhibits production of growth hormone
describe the process of gonadotropin releasing hormone
Hypothalamus: gonadotropin releasing hormone
anterior pituitary: LH and FSH
target organ: testes and ovaries
response: estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, increase of sperm and eggs
what does the pineal gland secrete
melatonin
what hormone does the thyroid gland produce
T3 and T4 and calcitonin
what does the hormone t3 and t4 do
increase cell metabolism
what does calcitonin do
increase or decrease blood calcium
what is hyperthyroidism
where the thyroid is over stimulated and producing too much t3 and t4
what is hypothyroidism
where the thyroid isn’t producing enough t3 and t4
what do parathyroid glands do
increases and decreases blood calcium levels
how does the parathyroid glands regulate blood calcium levels
it uses the parathyroids hormone which causes resorption (from bone), reabsorption (from kidneys), and absorption (from food)
what does the thymus do
plays a role in T-cell function and releases thymosin
what are the layers of adrenal glands
adrenal cortex (outside) and adrenal medulla (middle)
what hormones does the adrenal cortex produce
androgens- sex hormone
mineralocorticoids- for regulating electrolytes and fluid balance
glucocorticoids- for managing stress, metabolism, and immune function
what hormones does the adrenal medulla produce
epinephrine and norepinephrine
what does epinephrine and norepinephrine do
flight or fight response
what is Cushing’s syndrome
too much cortisol
what’s Addison’s disease
hyposecretion from adrenal cortex
what hormones does the pancreas produce
glucagon and insulin
what secretes glucagon and insulin (specific cells)
glucagon- alpha cells
insulin- beta cells
