chapter 2 Flashcards
what is a ion
electrons are transferred from one atom to another
what is a covalent bond
electrons are shared
what does amphipathic mean
it means something is hydrophobic and hydrophilic
what is steroids derived from
cholesterol
what is a triglycerides
1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids
phospholipids
polar head non polar tail
what is a eicosanoids
modified fatty acid that is a chemical messenger
what is the fluid mosaic model
its where molecules can move within the layer (ex: ping pong balls in pool)
what is a aquaporins
its a protein in the membrane that allows water through
what does cholesterol do in the plasma membrane
it adds fluidity to the cell
what’s a integral protein
a protein within the membrane
what’s a peripheral protein
proteins dissociated from membrane (usually inside the cell)
what is a membrane carbohydrate
its a carbohydrate that attaches to a protein or a lipid in the membrane
what is a glycoprotein
a carbohydrate attached to protein
what’s a glycolipid
a carbohydrate attached to a lipid
what is glycocalyx
multiple membrane carbohydrates bound together
what’s the difference between cytoplasm and cytosol
cytosol is the fluid in the cell cytoplasm is the cytosol and the organelles
what’s a tight junction
barrier between cells
what’s a desmosomes
binds cells together
what’s a gap junction
allows for communication between cells
how do you regulate transcription
indice RNA polymerase or repress RNA polymerase
how do you regulate translation
activating initiating factors or inactivate initiating factors
