Chapter 5: Theories Flashcards
What does Equity Theory propose about motivation?
Motivation stems from fairness perceptions in work-related exchanges.
How does gender influence equity perceptions in the workplace?
People tend to compare themselves with same-gender peers, and women may underestimate pay inequity if they compare only to other women.
What are the effects of underpayment according to Equity Theory?
Lower effort, poor quality work, and higher turnover.
Why are the effects of overpayment weaker than underpayment?
Employees are more likely to distort perceptions than reduce pay or increase effort.
How do goals influence behavior?
They direct attention, mobilize effort, encourage persistence, and facilitate strategy development.
What are the characteristics of motivational goals?
Specificity, challenge, commitment, and feedback.
Why are specific goals more effective than vague ones?
They provide clear and measurable targets.
Why is commitment important in goal-setting?
Employees must accept goals for them to be effective.
How does feedback enhance motivation?
It enables individuals to assess progress and adjust their strategies.
What are four ways goals improve performance?
They direct attention, increase effort, enhance persistence, and promote task strategies.
What makes goals most motivational?
They are specific, challenging, accepted, and have feedback.
What is goal velocity, and why does it matter?
It refers to the rate of progress toward a goal, impacting satisfaction, commitment, and success expectancy.
