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A & P I > Chapter 5 REVIEW > Flashcards

Chapter 5 REVIEW Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following cells are associated with the Dermis ?

A

FIBROBLASTS

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2
Q

Extreme stretching of the reticular layer of the dermis results in____

A

PERMANENT STRETCH MARKS

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3
Q

From Superficial to Deep, what is the order of the layers of the Epidermis in Thick Skin?

A

STRATUM CORNEUM->LUCIDUM->GRANULOSUM->SPINOSUM->BASALE

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4
Q

What is the main tissue of the Epidermis ?

A

KERATINIZED STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

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5
Q

Keratinocytes in the Stratum Corneum _____

A

DEAD AND FILLED WITH KERATIN

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6
Q

2 main components of the Cutaneous Membrane

A

EPIDERMIS and DERMIS

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7
Q

Where are the Melanocytes located ?

A

STRATUM BASALE

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8
Q

How long does the life cycle of keratinocytes being sloughed and replaced take ?

A

40-50 DAYS

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9
Q

What tissue composes the reticular layer of the Dermis ?

A

DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE

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10
Q

The ______ is a location of thick skin

A

SOLE OF THE FOOT

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11
Q

Which of the sensations are NOT detected by Skin?

A

EQUILIBRIUM

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12
Q

What creates our unique patterns on our fingers, toes, palms, and soles ?

A

EPIDERMAL RIDGES

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13
Q

Primary function of Vitamin D

A

VITAMIN D IS REQUIRED FOR CALCIUM ABSORPTION FROM SMALL INTESTINE

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14
Q

What are the sensory receptions in the Dermal Papillae that respond to light tough called ?

A

TACTILE CORPUSCLES

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15
Q

The most superficial layer of the Dermis

A

PAPILLARY LAYER

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16
Q

Which function is NOT associated with the skin?

A

VITAMIN A SYNTHESIS

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17
Q

What is the largest organ in the body ?

A

SKIN

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18
Q

Where are blood vessels housed that nourish the epidermis ?

A

DERMAL PAPILLAE

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19
Q

Why do Keratinocytes in Superficial Strata of Epidermis die?

A

TOO FAR FROM BLOOD SUPPLY IN DERMIS

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20
Q

Which layer of the Epidermis is NOT present in Thin Skin?

A

STRATUM LUCIDUM

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21
Q

What cells of the Epidermis function as Phagocytes of Immune System ?

A

DENDRITIC CELLS

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22
Q

Which structure is NOT found in Thick Skin?

A

HAIR FOLLICLES

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23
Q

Most superficial layer of Epidermis

A

STRATUM CORNEUM

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24
Q

Timmy fell and skinned his knee. The scrape didn’t bleed so he must have damaged the ____

A

EPIDERMIS

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25
Q

Most numerous cell type in Epidermis

A

KERATINOCYTES

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26
Q

Thickest layer of Epidermis

A

STRATUM SPINOSUM

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27
Q

Majority of cells in Epidermis arise from Mitotically activity in Stratum ___

A

BASALE

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28
Q

Most superficial component of skin is_____

A

EPIDERMIS

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29
Q

Which cell is associated with Dermis

A

FIBROBLASTS

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30
Q

Skin without Keratin would be more likely to____

A

TEAR UPON BEING STRESSED

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31
Q

The ____ is the opaque crescent-shaped area near the proximal nail fold

A

LANULA

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32
Q

Mammary glands are specialized____

A

SWEAT GLANDS

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33
Q

Squamous Cells Carcinoma arises from _____

A

KERATINOCYTES IN STRATUM SPINOSUM

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34
Q

What enzyme plays a major role in skin color?

A

TYROSINASE

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35
Q

The ABCDE rule is used to distinguish moles from ____

A

MELANOMAS

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36
Q

Which of the following molecules is responsible for yellow-orange skin pigment ?

A

CAROTENE

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37
Q

The cuticle around the nail is the _____

A

EPONYCHIUM

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38
Q

What type do hair does a fetus have ?

A

LANUGO

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39
Q

Which is not a characteristic of the ABCDE rule?

A

BORDER REGULARITY

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40
Q

Which component does Vellus hair lack ?

A

PIGMENT

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41
Q

What is the thicker, coarser more pigmented hair on scalp?

A

TERMINAL HAIR

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42
Q

What modified Apocrine Gland secrete ear wax?

A

CERUMINOUS GLANDS

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43
Q

What stimulates the secretion of Sebum?

A

SEX HORMONES

44
Q

Humans purchase antiperspirants to mask the odor of secretions from the ____

A

APOCRINE GLANDS

45
Q

What does Cyanosis signify ?

A

OXYGEN STARVED SKIN

46
Q

Which is a characteristic of a first-degree burn?

A

ERYTHEMA

47
Q

Eccrine glands produce ?

A

SWEAT CONTAINING MOSTLY WATER

48
Q

Merocrine glands that secrete products into hair follicles are called?

A

APOCRINE GLANDS

49
Q

What part of the nail root contains actively diving cells ?

A

NAIL MATRIX

50
Q

Primary function of Melanin

A

TO PROTECT THE DNA OF KERATINOCYTES FROM MUTATIONS INDUCED BY UV

51
Q

Primary pigment found in skin

A

MELANIN

52
Q

Nail body covers____

A

NAIL BED

53
Q

What type of secretion do Sebaceous glands use?

A

HOLOCRINE SECRETION

54
Q

Which location are dead keratinized cells found?

A

HAIR SHAFT

55
Q

What causes hair to stand on end, causing piloerection

A

ARRECTOR PILI MUSCLE

56
Q

What is the oily waxy substance secreted by sebaceous glands ?

A

SEBUM

57
Q

Term for baldness

A

ALOPECIA

58
Q

What is a characteristic of the Epidermis?

A

CONSISTS OF KERATINIZED STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

59
Q

Which layer of Epidermis contains stem cells?

A

STRATUM BASALE

60
Q

If you administer a subcutaneous injection, the needle will penetrate which layers from beginning to end of skin surface

A

EPIDERMIS->PAPILLARY LAYER ->RETICULAR LAYER->SUBCUTANEOUS

61
Q

What would happen if the Dermis did NOT have Dermal Papillae ?

A

IT WOULD BE HARDER TO SUPPLY EPIDERMIS WITH NUTRIENTS & OXYGEN

62
Q

A surgical incision along tension lines_____

A

CLOSES AND HEALS WOUND FASTER

63
Q

The pattern of epidermal ridges is visible as____

A

FINGERPRINTS

64
Q

Which of the following molecules turns orange red when Oxidized ?

A

HEMOGLOBIN

65
Q

Subcutaneous injections involve medicine into the :

A

HYPODERMIS

66
Q

Which of the following cells are arranged in layers or strata in Epidermis?

A

KERATINOCYTE

67
Q

What cell in stratum basale of epidermis helps discriminate between textured dots ?

A

MERKEL CELL

68
Q

Vibration of music through sensory receptors of skin :

A

LAMELLATED CORPUSCLES

69
Q

True/False: The papillary layer consists of loose connective tissue built for warmth

A

FALSE

70
Q

How do nutrients reach the Epidermis

A

DIFFUSION TRANSPORTS NUTRIENTS FROM BLOOD VESSELS IN DERMIS INTO EPIDERMIS

71
Q

Thin skin contains :

A

ONE LESS LAYER OF KERATINOCYTES

72
Q

Erythema makes skin?

A

FLUSH RED

73
Q

Examined cheek cell under a microscope, you can state that :

A

CELLS ARE LARGE, FLAT AND LOCATED NUCLEUS

74
Q

Which organelle of cytoskeletal elements acts as anchor to plasma membrane proteins and enables cellular movements?

A

MICROFILAMENTS

75
Q

Which organelle receives proteins from rough ER

A

GOLGI APPARATUS

76
Q

In cystic fibrosis, if chloride ions leave because of a genetic diet, what happens to the water to that cell?

A

WATER MOVES INTO CELL

77
Q

Cyto-

A

CELL

78
Q

Exo-

A

OUTSIDE

79
Q

Centr-

A

CENTER

80
Q

Inter-

A

WITHIN or BETWEEN

81
Q

Endo-

A

INSIDE or WITHIN

82
Q

Cytoplasm

A

CELLULAR MATERIAL BETWEEN CELL MEMBRANE AND NUCLEUS

83
Q

Exocytic

A

SOMETHING OUTSIDE CELL

84
Q

Centromere

A

HOLDS HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES TOGETHER AT MIDDLES DURING CELL DIVISION

85
Q

Endocytic

A

SOMETHING INTO CELL

86
Q

Interphase

A

STAGE OF CELLULAR LIFECYCLE BETWEEN DIVISIONS

87
Q

3 components of a typical cell

A

NUCLEUS, PLASMA MEMBRANE, and CYTOPLASM

88
Q

In your Osmosis experiment, what material will be used to stimulate plasma membrane ?

A

DIALYSIS TUBING

89
Q

A cells plasma membrane is___

A

SEMIPERMEABLE

90
Q

Telophase

A

SISTER CHROMATIDS REACHING OPPOSITE POLES AND UNCOILING TO FORM CHROMATIN

91
Q

Metaphase

A

CHROMOSOMES LINE UP ALONG EQUATOR OF CELL

92
Q

Interphase

A

DNA REPLICATION

93
Q

Which cell type is packed with Actin & Myosin

A

CARDIAC MUSCLE CELL

94
Q

Which cell is propelled by a Flagellum?

A

SPERM

95
Q

During Osmosis water moves ___ its concentration gradient

A

DOWN

96
Q

Diffusion is movement of solutes from ____ to _____

A

HIGH to LOW

97
Q

Diffusion and Osmosis are ____ processes

A

PASSIVE

98
Q

Osmosis is the movement of a solvent from ____ to ____

A

HIGH to LOW

99
Q

[Which is True] Rate of diffusion through a selectively permeable membrane is _____

A

SMALLER MOLECULES DIFFUSE FASTER

100
Q

Which substances diffuse across a dialysis membrane ?

PERMEABLE

A

GLUCOSE
ION
WATER

101
Q

Which substances diffuse across a dialysis membrane ?

IMPERMEABLE

A

PROTEIN

GLYCOGEN

102
Q

Prophase

A

NUCLEAR ENVELOPE BREAKS DOWN

103
Q

Anaphase

A

SISTER CHROMATIDS SPLIT and MOVE TO OPPOSITE POLES

104
Q

Cardiac Muscle Fiber is packed with _____

A

ACTIN & MYOSIN

105
Q

Neuron is characterized by ___

A

AN EXTENSION CALLED AXON

A & P I (14 decks)

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