Chapter 5 REVIEW Flashcards
Which of the following cells are associated with the Dermis ?
FIBROBLASTS
Extreme stretching of the reticular layer of the dermis results in____
PERMANENT STRETCH MARKS
From Superficial to Deep, what is the order of the layers of the Epidermis in Thick Skin?
STRATUM CORNEUM->LUCIDUM->GRANULOSUM->SPINOSUM->BASALE
What is the main tissue of the Epidermis ?
KERATINIZED STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
Keratinocytes in the Stratum Corneum _____
DEAD AND FILLED WITH KERATIN
2 main components of the Cutaneous Membrane
EPIDERMIS and DERMIS
Where are the Melanocytes located ?
STRATUM BASALE
How long does the life cycle of keratinocytes being sloughed and replaced take ?
40-50 DAYS
What tissue composes the reticular layer of the Dermis ?
DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE
The ______ is a location of thick skin
SOLE OF THE FOOT
Which of the sensations are NOT detected by Skin?
EQUILIBRIUM
What creates our unique patterns on our fingers, toes, palms, and soles ?
EPIDERMAL RIDGES
Primary function of Vitamin D
VITAMIN D IS REQUIRED FOR CALCIUM ABSORPTION FROM SMALL INTESTINE
What are the sensory receptions in the Dermal Papillae that respond to light tough called ?
TACTILE CORPUSCLES
The most superficial layer of the Dermis
PAPILLARY LAYER
Which function is NOT associated with the skin?
VITAMIN A SYNTHESIS
What is the largest organ in the body ?
SKIN
Where are blood vessels housed that nourish the epidermis ?
DERMAL PAPILLAE
Why do Keratinocytes in Superficial Strata of Epidermis die?
TOO FAR FROM BLOOD SUPPLY IN DERMIS
Which layer of the Epidermis is NOT present in Thin Skin?
STRATUM LUCIDUM
What cells of the Epidermis function as Phagocytes of Immune System ?
DENDRITIC CELLS
Which structure is NOT found in Thick Skin?
HAIR FOLLICLES
Most superficial layer of Epidermis
STRATUM CORNEUM
Timmy fell and skinned his knee. The scrape didn’t bleed so he must have damaged the ____
EPIDERMIS
Most numerous cell type in Epidermis
KERATINOCYTES
Thickest layer of Epidermis
STRATUM SPINOSUM
Majority of cells in Epidermis arise from Mitotically activity in Stratum ___
BASALE
Most superficial component of skin is_____
EPIDERMIS
Which cell is associated with Dermis
FIBROBLASTS
Skin without Keratin would be more likely to____
TEAR UPON BEING STRESSED
The ____ is the opaque crescent-shaped area near the proximal nail fold
LANULA
Mammary glands are specialized____
SWEAT GLANDS
Squamous Cells Carcinoma arises from _____
KERATINOCYTES IN STRATUM SPINOSUM
What enzyme plays a major role in skin color?
TYROSINASE
The ABCDE rule is used to distinguish moles from ____
MELANOMAS
Which of the following molecules is responsible for yellow-orange skin pigment ?
CAROTENE
The cuticle around the nail is the _____
EPONYCHIUM
What type do hair does a fetus have ?
LANUGO
Which is not a characteristic of the ABCDE rule?
BORDER REGULARITY
Which component does Vellus hair lack ?
PIGMENT
What is the thicker, coarser more pigmented hair on scalp?
TERMINAL HAIR
What modified Apocrine Gland secrete ear wax?
CERUMINOUS GLANDS
What stimulates the secretion of Sebum?
SEX HORMONES
Humans purchase antiperspirants to mask the odor of secretions from the ____
APOCRINE GLANDS
What does Cyanosis signify ?
OXYGEN STARVED SKIN
Which is a characteristic of a first-degree burn?
ERYTHEMA
Eccrine glands produce ?
SWEAT CONTAINING MOSTLY WATER
Merocrine glands that secrete products into hair follicles are called?
APOCRINE GLANDS
What part of the nail root contains actively diving cells ?
NAIL MATRIX
Primary function of Melanin
TO PROTECT THE DNA OF KERATINOCYTES FROM MUTATIONS INDUCED BY UV
Primary pigment found in skin
MELANIN
Nail body covers____
NAIL BED
What type of secretion do Sebaceous glands use?
HOLOCRINE SECRETION
Which location are dead keratinized cells found?
HAIR SHAFT
What causes hair to stand on end, causing piloerection
ARRECTOR PILI MUSCLE
What is the oily waxy substance secreted by sebaceous glands ?
SEBUM
Term for baldness
ALOPECIA
What is a characteristic of the Epidermis?
CONSISTS OF KERATINIZED STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
Which layer of Epidermis contains stem cells?
STRATUM BASALE
If you administer a subcutaneous injection, the needle will penetrate which layers from beginning to end of skin surface
EPIDERMIS->PAPILLARY LAYER ->RETICULAR LAYER->SUBCUTANEOUS
What would happen if the Dermis did NOT have Dermal Papillae ?
IT WOULD BE HARDER TO SUPPLY EPIDERMIS WITH NUTRIENTS & OXYGEN
A surgical incision along tension lines_____
CLOSES AND HEALS WOUND FASTER
The pattern of epidermal ridges is visible as____
FINGERPRINTS
Which of the following molecules turns orange red when Oxidized ?
HEMOGLOBIN
Subcutaneous injections involve medicine into the :
HYPODERMIS
Which of the following cells are arranged in layers or strata in Epidermis?
KERATINOCYTE
What cell in stratum basale of epidermis helps discriminate between textured dots ?
MERKEL CELL
Vibration of music through sensory receptors of skin :
LAMELLATED CORPUSCLES
True/False: The papillary layer consists of loose connective tissue built for warmth
FALSE
How do nutrients reach the Epidermis
DIFFUSION TRANSPORTS NUTRIENTS FROM BLOOD VESSELS IN DERMIS INTO EPIDERMIS
Thin skin contains :
ONE LESS LAYER OF KERATINOCYTES
Erythema makes skin?
FLUSH RED
Examined cheek cell under a microscope, you can state that :
CELLS ARE LARGE, FLAT AND LOCATED NUCLEUS
Which organelle of cytoskeletal elements acts as anchor to plasma membrane proteins and enables cellular movements?
MICROFILAMENTS
Which organelle receives proteins from rough ER
GOLGI APPARATUS
In cystic fibrosis, if chloride ions leave because of a genetic diet, what happens to the water to that cell?
WATER MOVES INTO CELL
Cyto-
CELL
Exo-
OUTSIDE
Centr-
CENTER
Inter-
WITHIN or BETWEEN
Endo-
INSIDE or WITHIN
Cytoplasm
CELLULAR MATERIAL BETWEEN CELL MEMBRANE AND NUCLEUS
Exocytic
SOMETHING OUTSIDE CELL
Centromere
HOLDS HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES TOGETHER AT MIDDLES DURING CELL DIVISION
Endocytic
SOMETHING INTO CELL
Interphase
STAGE OF CELLULAR LIFECYCLE BETWEEN DIVISIONS
3 components of a typical cell
NUCLEUS, PLASMA MEMBRANE, and CYTOPLASM
In your Osmosis experiment, what material will be used to stimulate plasma membrane ?
DIALYSIS TUBING
A cells plasma membrane is___
SEMIPERMEABLE
Telophase
SISTER CHROMATIDS REACHING OPPOSITE POLES AND UNCOILING TO FORM CHROMATIN
Metaphase
CHROMOSOMES LINE UP ALONG EQUATOR OF CELL
Interphase
DNA REPLICATION
Which cell type is packed with Actin & Myosin
CARDIAC MUSCLE CELL
Which cell is propelled by a Flagellum?
SPERM
During Osmosis water moves ___ its concentration gradient
DOWN
Diffusion is movement of solutes from ____ to _____
HIGH to LOW
Diffusion and Osmosis are ____ processes
PASSIVE
Osmosis is the movement of a solvent from ____ to ____
HIGH to LOW
[Which is True] Rate of diffusion through a selectively permeable membrane is _____
SMALLER MOLECULES DIFFUSE FASTER
Which substances diffuse across a dialysis membrane ?
PERMEABLE
GLUCOSE
ION
WATER
Which substances diffuse across a dialysis membrane ?
IMPERMEABLE
PROTEIN
GLYCOGEN
Prophase
NUCLEAR ENVELOPE BREAKS DOWN
Anaphase
SISTER CHROMATIDS SPLIT and MOVE TO OPPOSITE POLES
Cardiac Muscle Fiber is packed with _____
ACTIN & MYOSIN
Neuron is characterized by ___
AN EXTENSION CALLED AXON
