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A & P I > Chapter 4 REVIEW > Flashcards

Chapter 4 REVIEW Flashcards

1
Q

What part of the microscope moves the slide on the stage ?

A

MECHANICAL STAGE CONTROL

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2
Q

What part of the microscope is the circular area on the stage that light passes through?

A

APERTURE

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3
Q

On what part of the microscope are the objectives lenses located ?

A

ROTATING NOSEPIECE

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4
Q

If you wanted to view a structure at the largest magnification on your light microscope which objective lens would you choose?

A

OIL-IMMERSION LENS

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5
Q

What part of the microscope regulates the amount of light that passes through the side?

A

IRIS DIAPHRAGM

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6
Q

The working distance is _____

A

SPACE BETWEEN THE SLIDE & SPECIMEN AND THE OBJECTIVE LENS

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7
Q

If you have three threads laying on top of each other on a slide and you are focused on the top-most thread, then______

A

NEITHER THE MIDDLE nor BOTTOM_MOST THREAD WILL BE IN FOCUS

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8
Q

What is depth of field?

A

THICKNESS OF A SPECIMEN WHEN IN FOCUS

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9
Q

When you put a microscope away, which objective lens should be closest to stage ?

A

SCANNING

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10
Q

What is the objective lenses of the compound light microscope attached to?

A

ROTATING NOSEPIECE

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11
Q

Which objective lens provides the largest total magnification?

A

OIL IMMERSION LENS

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12
Q

Which microscope structure concentrates light onto the specimen?

A

CONDENSER

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13
Q

What objectives are viewed to investigate depth of field?

A

THREADS

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14
Q

Depth of field, known as_____ is the thickness of a specimen that is in_____

A

DEPTH OF FOCUS; SHARP FOCUS

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15
Q

Before putting the microscope away, rotate the nosepiece to the ____ objective, and move the microscope stage to its _____ position.

A

SCANNING; LOWEST

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16
Q

A membrane that forms a continuous sheet that folds back upon itself is the _____

A

SEROUS MEMBRANE

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17
Q

Which of the following membranes makes up the largest organ in the body?

A

CUTANEOUS MEMBRANE

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18
Q

The permanent replacement of normal tissue by scar tissue is called____

A

FIBROSIS

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19
Q

Membranes that anchor organs in place, serve as barriers, function in immunity, and secrete substances are considered_____

A

TRUE MEMBRANES

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20
Q

The TWO TRUE membranes in the body are____

A

SEROUS & SYNOVIAL

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21
Q

All types of tissues go through regeneration EXECPT_____

A

CARTILAGE

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22
Q

Tissue that ONLY HEALS by Fibrosis would be _____

A

CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE

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23
Q

The ability of a tissue to heal is influenced by all EXCEPT _____

A

AGE

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24
Q

Scar tissue is formed from____

A

DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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25
Q

The Parietal Pleura is a serous membrane ______

A

LINKING THE THORACIC CAVITY

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26
Q

All types of membranes are lined with a layer of Epithelial cells EXCEPT____

A

SYNOVIAL MEMBRANES

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27
Q

What provides a hard, continuous surface for the Epidermis of Cutaneous Membrane ?

A

KERATIN

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28
Q

What lubricants movable joints such as the hip, knee, and elbow?

A

SYNOVIAL FLUID

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29
Q

Which characteristic is NOT TRUE of Mucous membranes?

A

THEY LINE THE VENTRAL BODY CAVITY

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30
Q

What type of membrane lines cavities that open to the outside of the body?

A

MUCOUS MEMBRANES

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31
Q

The ______ lines all body passages that open to the outside of the body ?

A

MUCOUS MEMBRANE

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32
Q

Striated, mutilnucleate cells are commonly found in____

A

SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE

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33
Q

Which part of a Neuron extended from the cell body and have a primary function to receive messages from the axons of other neurons ?

A

DENDRITES

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34
Q

Which characteristic is NOT associated with cardiac muscle ?

A

VOLUNTARY CONTROL

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35
Q

The ____ will carry a nerve impulse away from the cell body, whereas the ____will carry a nerve impulse toward the cell body?

A

AXON; DENDRITE

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36
Q

The internal space within any hollow structure( stomach, artery)is known as the:

A

LUMEN

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37
Q

______are the supporting cells found in Nervous Tissue

A

NEUROLOGICAL CELLS

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38
Q

Which of the following characteristics do skeletal and cardiac muscle cells share in common ?

A

STRIATIONS

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39
Q

Smooth muscle tissue is found in ?

A

THE WALLS OF THE INTESTINES

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40
Q

What part of the neuron conducts electrical signals away from the cell body ?

A

AXON

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41
Q

Which structure is MORE complex than a tissue ?

A

ORGAN

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42
Q

_____ consists of long, cylindrical, striated fibers with multiple nuclei located at the periphery of the fiber.

A

SKELETAL MUSCLE

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43
Q

Which structure is NOT found within both Cartilage and Bone ?

A

BLOOD VESSELS

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44
Q

If a tissue is composed of many fine collagen fibers that are not visible with a light microscope and has Chondrocytes within Lacunae, then the tissue is____

A

HYALINE CARTILAGE

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45
Q

Which general tissue binds, supports, and protects the body ?

A

CONECTIVE

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46
Q

The three main components of Connective Tissue are:

A

GROUND SUBSTANCE, FIBERS, and CELLS

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47
Q

____ is the found in the External Ear

A

ELASTIC CARTILAGE

48
Q

The two most common types of cells found in connective tissue proper are_____

A

FIBROBLASTS and MICROPHAGES

49
Q

_____ is a type of tissue consisting of multiple layers of Epithelial cells that can contract and expand

A

TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIA

50
Q

The free surface of an Epithelial tissue is the _____

A

APICAL SURFACE

51
Q

Which body tissue consists largely of material outside the cell?

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

52
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the primary types of tissues ?

A

ECM

53
Q

What type of protein fiber, mostly found in ECM, is extensible ?

A

ELASTIC

54
Q

The major energy reserve in body is found stored as fat in_____

A

ADIPOSE TISSUE

55
Q

Which functional characteristic is associated with Simple Squamous Epithelium?

A

FILTRATION & DIFFUSION

56
Q

Which of the types of Epithelial tissue has ciliated cells that line the mucous membranes of upper respiratory passageways?

A

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR

57
Q

Which subdivision is NOT a type of Connective Tissue Proper ?

A

HYALINE CARTILAGE

58
Q

The inorganic portion of bone matrix is made of _____

A

CALCIUM PHOSPHATE CRYSTALS

59
Q

Fibrocartilage is found:

A

BETWEEN ADJACENT VERTEBRAE (intervertebral disc)

60
Q

____ are the most common unicellular exocrine gland found within mucus membranes

A

GOBLET CELLS

61
Q

Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium forms the :

A

EPIDERMIS

62
Q

Stratified Squamous Epithelium would NOT be found in the :

A

INTESTINES

63
Q

The ____ is a fibrous connective tissue membrane that covers the external surface of cartilage providing oxygen and nutrients to the Chondrocytes

A

PERICHONDRIUM

64
Q

A connective tissue that is not composed of cells called Chondrocytes, tough and flexible, and resistant to tension would be :

A

CARTILAGE

65
Q

Which of the following tissue types is found in Lymph nodes, spleen, and liver ?

A

RETICULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

66
Q

Hyaline Cartilage is NOT found in______

A

THE MENISCI OF THE KNEE

67
Q

Glands, such as thyroid, that secrete their products directly into blood stream are classified as _____

A

ENDOCRINE

68
Q

You examine a tissue slide through microscope and recognize one layer of cells that are mostly tall and elongated, the tissue is most likely _____

A

SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

69
Q

The ECM of Connective Tissue consists of :

A

PROTEIN FIBERS and GROUND SUBSTANCE

70
Q

Simple Columnar Epithelium is located in which location?

A

LINING OF SMALL INTESTINE

71
Q

Keratinized, dead cells are associated with ____

A

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

72
Q

_____ are responsible for Bone Deposition, whereas ____ are responsible for Bone Resorption

A

OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCLASTS

73
Q

Reticular tissue is NOT found in which location?

A

TENDONS

74
Q

All functions are associated with Epithelial tissue except :

A

GENERATING ELECTRICAL SIGNALS

75
Q

If an Epithelium has cells touching basement membrane, but not all cells reaching apical surface, that would be called _____ Epithelium

A

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED

76
Q

Simple Squamous Epithelium is found lining the _____

A

AIR SACS OF THE LUNGS

77
Q

Tendons and Ligaments are composed of :

A

DENSE REGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

78
Q

The only connective tissue that has a fluid matrix is :

A

BLOOD

79
Q

The ECM of blood is ____

A

PLASMA

80
Q

What type of cell junction would most likely prevent water from flowing between cells ?

A

TIGHT JUNCTIONS

81
Q

Glands that accumulate secretions and release them when the cell membrane ruptures, causing cell death, exhibit :

A

HOLOCRINE SECRETION

82
Q

All of the following characteristics are associated with Epithelium EXCEPT:

A

IT CONTAINS BLOOD VESSELS

83
Q

The structure and function of ____ determines the structure and function of organs and organ systems

A

TISSUES

84
Q

Which characteristics is NOT associated with Loose Areolar Connective Tissue?

A

DENSELY PACKED PROTEIN FIBERS

85
Q

Which tissue type has the most abundant ECM

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

86
Q

Which is NOT a component of Ground Substance ?

A

RETICULAR FIBERS

87
Q

As you examine a slide under a microscope, you see pink wavy lines. You identify them as :

A

COLLAGEN FIBERS

88
Q

You look under a microscope and see multiple layers of flattened cells. This tissue is:

A

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

89
Q

Which function is NOT associated Epithelial Tissue

A

SUPPORT

90
Q

Severe allergic reactions cause inflammation and release of histamine. The connective tissue cells involved are the___

A

MASTS CELLS

91
Q

Intervertebral discs are composed of____

A

FIBROCARTILAGE

92
Q

Scurvy is a disease resulting from deficiency of Vitamin C, which of the following will NOT be affected by scurvy ?

A

EPIDERMIS OF SKIN

93
Q

You are observing a tissue and notice a dark concentric circles of matrix and osteocytes in Lacunae. You identify this tissue as _____

A

BONE TISSUE

94
Q

The type of involuntary muscle tissue found in walls of hollow organs and blood vessels is ____

A

SMOOTH MUSCLE

95
Q

Which is NOT a function of membrane?

A

CONDUCTING ELECTRICAL IMPULSES

96
Q

The skin is also called the _____

A

CUTANEOUS MEMBRANE

97
Q

A thin sheet of ONE or MORE tissues that lines the body surface or cavity is called :

A

MEMBRANE

98
Q

Tissue repair in epithelial tissues is usually by ____

A

REGENERATION

99
Q

What type of blood cell transports oxygen throughout the body ?

A

ERYTHROCYTE

100
Q

Striations are a feature associated with :

A

MUSCLE CELLS

101
Q

Cells in the epidermis of skin need to held together so that an impermeable barrier to fluids is created. What type of junction performs this ?

A

TIGHT JUNCTION

102
Q

The ECM of Epithelial tissue is located in :

A

BASAL LAMINA

103
Q

Which type of Epithelia can be Keratinized ?

A

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

104
Q

What makes cartilage an unusual connective tissue ?

A

CARTILAGE ESSENTIALLY LACKS BLOOD VESSELS

105
Q

Which of the following is NOT a location of Reticular Tissue ?

A

TENDONS

106
Q

Protein channels that are situated between cells and create small pores for the passage of small substance are known as :

A

GAP JUNCTIONS

107
Q

True/False : Goblet cells, most common unicellular gland in the body, secrete mucus into the digestive and respiratory tracts

A

TRUE

108
Q

True/False : Nervous tissue is unique because it completely lacks as ECM

A

FALSE

109
Q

Why are damaged neurons not usually replaced ?

A

NEURONS ARE AMITOTIC

110
Q

Which is composed of multiple layers of cells ?

A

TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM

111
Q

Cells found associated with connective tissue proper that ingest foreign substances, microorganisms, and dead cells are:

A

PHAGOCYTES

112
Q

Which statement describes epithelial tissue ?

A

PARACELLULAR OF TRANSCELLULAR TRANSPORTS MOVES SUBSTANCES BETWEEN OR ACROSS SIMPLE EPITHELIA

113
Q

As total magnification increases, the working distance ____

A

DECREASES

114
Q

What part of a microscope anchors the objective lens to the head of the microscope ?

A

REVOLVING NOSEPIECE

115
Q

How is a letter viewed under a microscope ?

A

UPSIDE DOWN AND BACKWARDS

116
Q

The field diameter for the low powered objective is___ the field diameter for the scanning objective lens

A

LESS THAN

117
Q

When transporting a microscope :

A

CORD SHOULD BE SECURED

A & P I (14 decks)

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