Chapter 5: Integumentary System Flashcards
Carbuncle
A skin infection that often involves a group of hair follicles. The infected material forms a lump, which occurs deep in the skin: the medical term for multiple boils.
Cold Sore
A lesion that typically occurs in or around the mouth and is caused by a dormant herpes simplex virus that may be reactivated by factors such as stress, fever, or sunburn. Also called fever blister.
Comedo
The primary sign of acne consisting of an englarged pore filled with skin debris, bacteria, and sebum (oil); the medical term for blackhead.
Dermatology
The branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases of the skin, hair, and nails.
Eczema
Rash characterized by inflamed, itchy, dry, scaly, or irritated skin.
Frostbite
Injury to body tissues caused by exposure to below-freezing temperatures, typically affecting the nose, fingers, or toes and sometimes resulting in gangrene.
Furuncle
A skin infection involving an entire hair follicle and nearby skin tissue; the medical term for a boil.
Gangrene
A term that describes dead or dying body tissue that occurs because the local blood supply to the tissue either lost or inadequate to keep the tissue alive.
Impetigo
An infection of the surface of the skin, caused by staphylococcus (“staph”) or streptococcus (“strep”) bacteria.
Nevus
A benign pigmented spot on the skin such as a mole.
Onycholysis
A nail disorder characterized by a spontaneous separation of the nail bed starting at the distal free margin and progressing proximally.
Pallor
An unhealthy pale appearance.
Porphyria
A rare hereditary disease in which the blood pigment hemorglobin is abnormally metabolized. Porphyrins are excreted in the urine, which becomes dark; other symptoms include mental disturbances and extreme sensitivity of the skin to light.
Rosacea
A condition in which certain facial blood vessels enlarge giving the cheeks and nose a flushed appearance.
Scleroderma
An idiopathic chronic autoimmune disease characterized by hardening and contraction of the skin and connective tissue, either locally or throughout the body.
Tinea
A skin infection caused by fungus; also called ringworm.
Urticaria
Skin condition characterized by red, itchy, raised areas that appear in varying shapes and sizes; commonly called hives.
Aprocrine Sweat Glands
A mode of secretion in which the glandular cell sheds portions of its cytoplasm.
Arrector Pili Muscle
Smooth muscle whose contractions force hairs to stand erect.
Carotene
A yellowish-orange pigment, found in carrots, sweet potatoes, and other vegetables, that the body can convert to vitamin A.
Cerumen
The waxy secretion of the ceruminous glands along the external acoustic meatus.
Ceruminous Glands
Integumentary glands the secrete cerumen.
Cortex
The outer layer or region of an organ or bone.
Cutaneous Membrane
The epidermis and papillary layer of the dermis.
Cuticle
The layer of dead, keratinized cells that surrounds the shaft of a hair for nails.
Cyanosis
An abnormal bluish coloration of the skin due to the presence of deoxygenated blood in vessels near the body surface.
Dermatitis
An inflammation of the skin.
Eccrine Sweat Glands
Sweat glands of the skin that produce a watery secretion.
Eponychium
A narrow zone of stratum corneum that extends across the surface of a nail at its exposed base; also called the cuticle.
Hair Follicles
An accessory structures of the integument; a tube lined by a stratified squamous epithelium that begins at the surface of the skin and ends at the hair papilla.
Hairs
A keratinous strand produced by epithelial cells of the hair follicle.
Hypodermic Needle
A needle inserted through the skin to introduce drugs into the subcutaneous layer.
Integument
The skin.
Keratin
The tough, fibrous protein component of nails, hair, calluses, and the general integumentary surface.
Mammary Glands
Milk-producing glands of the female breasts.
Medulla
The inner layer or core of an organ.
Melanin
The red-yellow or brown-black pigments produced by the melanocytes of the skin.
Melanocytes
A specialized cell in the deeper layers of the stratified epithelium of the skin; responsible for the production of melanin.
Nails
A keratinous structure produced by epithelial cells of the nail root.
Scar Tissue
The thick collagenous tissue that forms at an injury site.
Sebaceous Glands
Glands that secrete sebum; normally associated with hair follicles.
Sebum
A waxy secretion that coats the surfaces of hairs.
Sensible Perspiration
Water loss due to secretion by sweat glands.
