Chapter 26: Urinary System Flashcards
Azotemia
The condition characterized by excessive urea or other nitrogen-containing compounds in the blood.
Cystocele
Condition that occurs when the supportive tissue between a woman’s bladder and vaginal wall weakens, stretches, and allows the bladder to bulge into the vagina.
Cystoscopy
Diagnostic procedure using an optical instrument called a cystoscope that is inserted through the urethra to visually examine the bladder and lower urinary tract, to collect urine samples, or to view the prostate.
Enuresis
Involuntary urination, especially that of a child while asleep.
Nephroptosis
Condition in which the kidney is displaced downward form its usual and normal position; also called a floating kidney.
Nephrotic Syndrome
A kidney disorder that causes one to excrete excessive protein in the urine.
Nephrotoxin
A toxin that has a specific harmful effect on the kidney.
Polysystic Kidney Disease
An inherited abnormality that affects the development and structure of kidney tubules.
Shock-wave Lithotripsy
A noninvasive technique used to pulverize kidney stones by passing high-pressure shock waves through a water-filled tub in which a patient sits.
Urologist
Physician who specializes in functions and disorders of the urinary system.
Afferent Arterioles
An arteriole that carries blood to a glomerulus of the kidney.
Countercurrent Exchange
The transfer of heat, water, or solutes between two fluids that travel in opposite directions.
Countercurrent Multiplacation
Active transport between two limbs of a loop that contain a fluid moving in one direction in which the effect of the transport increases; responsible for the concentration of urine in the kidney tubules.
Creatinine
A breakdown product of creatine metabolism.
Detrusor
Collectively, the three layers of smooth muscle in the wall of the urinary bladder.