Chapter 14: Brain and Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Answer 1

Disorder occurring mainly in children characterized by hyperactivity, inability to concentrate, and impulsive or inappropriate behavior.

Question 2

Autism

Answer 2

Any of a range of behavioral disorders occurring primarily in children, including such symptoms as poor concentration, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

Question 3

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)

Answer 3

A rare, degenerative, invariably fatal brain disorder that is marked by rapid mental deterioration. The disease, which is caused by a prion (an infectious protein particle), typically starts by causing mental and emotional problems then progresses to affect motor skills, such as walking and talking.

Question 4

Delirium

Answer 4

An acutely disturbed state of mind that occurs in fever, intoxication, and other disorders and is characterized by restlessness, hallucinations, and incoherence of thought and speech.

Question 5

Dementia

Answer 5

A chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes caused by brain disease or injury and marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and impaired reasoning.

Question 6

Glasgow coma Scale

Answer 6

The most widely used scoring system to quantify the level of consciousness of a victim of a TBI. It rates three functions: eye opening, verbal response, and motor response.

Question 7

Migraine

Answer 7

A type of headache marked by severe debilitating head pain lasting several hours or longer.

Question 8

Myoclonus

Answer 8

A quick, involuntary muscle jerk or contraction; persistent myoclonus usually indicates a nervous system disorder.

Question 9

Pallidectomy

Answer 9

The destruction of all or part of the globus pallidus by chemicals or freezing; used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.

Question 10

Prosopagnosia

Answer 10

The inability to recognize other humans by their faces.

Question 11

Psychosis

Answer 11

A severe mental disorder in which thought the emotions are so impaired that contact with reality is lost.

Question 12

Stupor

Answer 12

A state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility.

Question 13

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

Answer 13

An episode in which a person has stroke-like symptoms that last less than 24 hours and result in no permanent injury to the brain, but may be a warning sign of potential for a major stroke.