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Davis BIO 225 (Lecture) > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Obligate intracellular parasites

A

viruses

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2
Q

Functions to Enclose the nucleic acid

genome and provide protection

A

Capsid

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3
Q

The capsid is composed of protein subunits called

________.

A

Capsomeres

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4
Q

Optional Bilayer membrane outside of the capsid

A

Envelope

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5
Q

Viral genomes consist of either ______ or _____

A

DNA or RNA (Never both)

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6
Q

Name the 5 stages of animal virus replication

A
  1. Adsorption
  2. Penetration/uncoating
  3. Synthesis
  4. Assembly
  5. Release
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7
Q

Responsible for attaching viruses to host cells

A

Glycoprotein Spikes

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8
Q

The attachment of the virus to host cells

A

Adsorption

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9
Q

The spectrum of hosts that a virus can infect

A

Host Range

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10
Q

Refers to the specific kinds of cells a virus can

infect

A

Viral specificity

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11
Q

Enzymes in the host cell dissolve the envelope and
capsid and the viral DNA or RNA is released into
the cytoplasm.

A

Uncoating

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12
Q

The entry of virions (mature viruses) into the host

cell

A

Penetration

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13
Q

In this stage of a virus cycle, Replication and

protein synthesis occur

A

Synthesis

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14
Q

The process of putting together all the pieces to

make mature viruses

A

Assembly

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15
Q

naked viruses and complex viruses are released

_________

A

Lysis of the host cell

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16
Q

Enveloped viruses are released via ______

A

Budding through the host cell membrane

17
Q 
Virus induced damage to the cell that alters its
microscopic appearance (shape, size or
intracellular arrangement ).
A

Cytopathic effects

18
Q

When viral DNA becomes incorporated into the

DNA of the host.

A

Provirus

19
Q

Mammalian viruses capable of initiating tumors (cancer)

are called

A

Oncoviruses

20
Q

Viruses that infect bacteria

A

Bacteriophages

21
Q

In the bacteriophage life cycle what stage is

eliminated

A

The uncoating stage

because during penetration only the viral DNA is injected

22
Q

A stable long term relationship between the phage
and its host in which the phage nucleic acid
becomes incorporated into the host nucleic acid.

A

Temperate (lysogenic) life cycle

23
Q

Research done inside a living system

A

In Vivo

24
Q

Research done outside of a living system (usually

in cell cultures)

A

In Vitro

25
Q

Individual animal cells grown in media

A

Cell cultures

26
Q

Used to observe degeneration and lysis of infected

cells within the cell culture line.

A

Plaque Assay

27
Q

Research indicates that they are normal proteins
that become folded incorrectly, possible as a result
of a mutation.

A

Prions

Davis BIO 225 (Lecture) (16 decks)

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