Chapter 18

Question 1

Presence of virus in the blood

Answer 1

Viremia

Question 2

Presence of fungi in the blood

Answer 2

Fungemia

Question 3

Presence of bacteria in the blood

Answer 3

Bacteremia

Question 4

Bacteria growing and flourishing in the blood

Answer 4

Septicemia

Question 5

Cascading immune responses to septicemia, resulting in decreased blood pressure

Answer 5

Septic shock

Question 6

Is there normal biota in the cardiovascular and

lymphatic system

Answer 6

No it is a sterile environment

Question 7

Malaria is caused by members of the _______

genus

Answer 7

Plasmodium

Question 8

Malaria is transmitted through

Answer 8

Mosquitos

Question 9

During a malaria inffectiom, Blood vessels in the brain can become obstructed with RBCs which causes a decrease in oxygen flow leading to a coma or death. This is known as:

Answer 9

Cerebral Malaria

Question 10

The two types of cells most affected by malaria are:

Answer 10

Red blood cells and liver cells

Question 11

This form of the plasmodium parasite enters the blood from the bite of an infected mosquito and invade cells of the liver

Answer 11

Sporozoites

Question 12

This form of the plasmodium parasite targets red blood cells

Answer 12

merozoites

Question 13

The cell most commonly infected with the HIV

virus is

Answer 13

CD4 T Helper cells

Question 14

Opportunistic infections that begin as a result of a

depleting immune when infected with the HIV virus

Answer 14

AIDS-defining illnesses

Question 15

People are diagnosed with AIDS if they fulfill any one

of the following:

Answer 15

1. Have a helper T cell count below 200 cells per
   micro-liter of blood.
2. Their helper T cells account for
   fewer than 14% of all lymphocytes
3. They experience one or more of the AIDS defining
   illnesses.

Question 16

An inflammation of the endocardium.

Answer 16

Endocarditis

Question 17

Abnormal heartbeat, anemia, heart attack,
petechaie, red spots on palms and soles (Janeway
lesions), small painful nodes of fingers and toes
(Osler’s nodes)are all signs/symptoms of

Answer 17

Endocarditis

Question 18

What are two ways that endocarditis can kill?

Answer 18

Bacteria can colonize the valves and hamper their
function leading to heart attacks or death.
Also pieces of bacteria vegetation can break off and lead to blockage

Question 19

Most often the result of an overwhelming

bloodstream challenge with bacteria.

Answer 19

Acute Endocarditis

Question 20

Almost always are preceded by some form of

damage to heart valves.

Answer 20

Subacute Endocarditis

Question 21

Causative Agent: Yersinia pestis

Answer 21

The Plague

Question 22

Bubonic plague causes inflammation and necrosis

of the node, resulting in a lesion called a _____.

Answer 22

Bubo

Question 23

In Septicemic plague bacteria present in the blood
results in subcutaneous hemorrhaging called a
____

Answer 23

Purpura

Question 24

The Plague is commonly transmitted by

Answer 24

Fleas

Question 25

Causative Agent of Lymes disease is:

Answer 25

Borrelia burgdorferi

Question 26

Signs/Symptoms of Lymes Disease are

Answer 26

Bulls eye rash initially.
If not treated can result in facial palsy and crippling
arthritis.

Question 27

Causative agent of Infectious Mononucleosis

Answer 27

Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)

Question 28

Fatigue, enlarged spleen, Sore throat, high fever,
and cervical lymphadenopathy are all
signs/symptoms of

Answer 28

Infectious Mononucleosis

Question 29

This age group is the only one to show the signs/symptoms of a Mono infection when infected with EBV

Answer 29

Adolescents

Question 30

Causative Agent: Bacillus anthracis

Answer 30

Anthrax

Question 31

What three Virulence Factors does Bacillus

anthracis have?

Answer 31

1. Three exotoxins that cause massive inflammation
   and shock
2. A capsule
3. Hemolysins

Question 32

What are the three types of anthrax?

Answer 32

Cutaneous anthrax, Intestinal anthrax, and

Pulmonary anthrax