Chapter 4 Flashcards
Motor appendages exclusive to eukaryotic cells
Cilia
Houses Genetic Material
The Nucleus
Ribosomes are attached to its membrane surface.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
Storage of non-protein macromolecules such as
lipids
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Receives substances transported from the
endoplasmic reticulum, stores the substances, and
typically alters their chemical structure. It then
packages these substances into secretory vesicles
Golgi Apparatus
Contains a variety of enzymes involved in the
intracellular digestion of food particles and
protection against invading microorganisms
Lysosomes
Membrane-bound sacs containing fluids or solid
particles to be digested, excreted, or stored
Vacuoles
Generate energy for the cell
Mitochondria
Site of protein synthesis
Ribosomes
Functions in Anchoring organelles
Intermediate filaments
Functions in Permitting shape changes and cellular movement
Actin filaments
Functions in Moving RNA and vesicles within a
cell
Microtubules
The study of fungi is called
Mycology
Yeasts reproduce by
Budding
Long, filaments of cells belonging to molds and
fleshy mushrooms
hypha(e)
Appear as unicellular microbes that are typically
spherical or oval and grow in colonies
Yeasts
“crosswalls,” dividing the hyphae into distinct, cell
units.
septa(e)
If septa are present in hyphae they are called
Septate hyphae
Coenocytic hyphae are
One long continuous cell with many nuclei.
Mass of hyphae, intertwined, when suitable
conditions allow for growth.
Mycelium
_______ mycelium grows below the surface of the
medium to obtain nutrients
vegetative
______mycelium projects above the surface and
often bears spores.
reproductive
Fungi that shows different kinds of growth
Dimorphic Fungi
Superficial Fungal Mycoses
effects keratinized tissue in skin, hair and nails.
Subcutaneous Fungal Mycoses
Targets skin layer beneath keratinized tissue to the
lymph vessels.
Systemic Fungal Mycoses
Targets internal organs
Opportunistic mycoses
An infection by fungi that only cause disease when the
host’s immune system is already weakened.
One celled, eukaryotic organisms that live in both
water and soil – lack a cell wall.
Protozoa
In the “adult” or “feeding” stages of protozoa,
most contain flagella, multiply during this stage,
and are referred to as ___________.
trophozoites
Under adverse conditions, some protozoa are
capable of producing a protective capsule called a
______.
cyst
Can infect both the vagina in females and the
urinary tract in males.
Trichomonas vaginalis
Found infecting the small intestines of humans and
other animals – have a “smiley face” appearance
Giardia lamblia
Caused by parasitic protozoa of the genus
Plasmodium
Malaria
Compared to prokaryotic flagella, eukaryotic flagella have:
a fewer quantity of flagella
larger more complex flagella
move in a whip-like motion
