Chapter 4 sports psychology Flashcards
Define skill
A learned action / behaviour with the intention of bringing about predetermined results with maximum certainty and minimum outlay of time and energy
Define abilities
Inherited from your parents , abilities are stable traits that determine an individuals potential to learn or acquire skills
Example of a Skill ?
Rugby pass
Example of ability ?
Gymnast showing balance
What are the skill classifications ?
Basic — complex
open —- closed
self paced —- externally paced
Gross —- fine
Basic skill ?
Few decisions to be made
decisions don’t affect the outcome of the movement
taught as a beginner
Example of a basic skill ?
walking and jumping
Complex skill ?
Complex decision making
Lots of decisions
taught after experience of basic skill
take time to master
Example of a complex skill ?
High jump
required co-ordination running in a accurate bend , followed by correctly timed jump and effective body position
Define open skill
A skill which is performed in a certain way to deal with a changing or unstable environment eg outwit the opponent
Define closed skill
A skill which is not affected by the environment or performers within it
tends to be done the same way each time
Open skill ?
Unstable environment
The way you do the skill is affected by the people around you
Might change the way you do the skill because of environment
often externally paced
Closed skill ?
Stable environment
The way you do the skill is not affected by the people around you
you will not change the way you do the skill . do it the same way every time
self paced
Define a self paced skill
The skill is started when the performer decides to start it
The speed , rate or pace of the skill is controlled by the performer
Define a externally paced skill
The skill is started because of an external factor
The speed , rate or pace of the skill is controlled by external factors
self paced skill ?
The start movement is controlled by the performer
The speed , pace and rate of the movement is controlled by the performer
Example of a self paced skill ?
long distance run
Externally paced ?
start movement Controlled by external factors
The speed , rate and speed of the movement is controlled by external factors
Example of a external paced ?
When marking an opponent in netball. your movement is affected by the movement of the opponent
Define gross movement
Gross motor skills are involved in movement and coordination of the arms, legs, and other large body parts and movements.
Define fine movement ?
mall muscles, in movements—usually involving the synchronization of hands and fingers—with the eyes
Gross skill ?
Involves big movements of the body
Involves the use of large muscle groups
movements tend not to rely on accuracy and precision
Example of a fine skill ?
A net shot in badminton
Example of a gross skill ?
A rugby tackle
Fine skill ?
Involves small , precise movements
involves the use of small muscle groups
movements tend to involve precision and accuracy
Name the two types of goal setting ?
Performance goals
outcome goals
Define performance goals ?
Personal standards to be achieved
The performer compares their performance against what they have already done or suggests what they are going to do
no comparison
Define outcome goals ?
Focus on end result , for example winning
Why is outcome goals bad for beginners ?
Failure could demotivate them
unrealistic goals could be set
What does smart stand for ?
Specific
Measurable
Accepted
Realistic
Time bound
Define information processing
It involves gathering data from the display ( senses ) and prioritising the most important stimuli to make a suitable decision
Define basic model of information
This shows the simple processes that a performer carries out in order to decide what skill to use
Define visual guidance ?
Guidance that you can see
Name the four types of guidance ?
Visual
Verbal
Manual
Mechanical
Why is visual guidance important for a beginner ?
They can see and start to understand what they are expected to do
Explains the skill better
What does the demonstration must include for it to work ?
Clear
Relatively concise
Quick
easy to understand
backed up with verbal guidance
Define verbal guidance ?
Guidance that is provided by another person speaking to you
