Chapter 4 Medical terminology terms and concepts

Question 1

ankyl/o

Answer 1

stiff joint

Question 2

athro/o

Answer 2

joint

Question 3

articul/o

Answer 3

joint

Question 4

burs/o

Answer 4

sac

Question 5

carp/o

Answer 5

wrist

Question 6

cervic/o

Answer 6

neck

Question 7

chondro/o

Answer 7

cartilage

Question 8

cost/o

Answer 8

rib

Question 9

myel/o

Answer 9

bone marrow, spinal cord

Question 10

orth/o

Answer 10

straight

Question 11

oste/o

Answer 11

bone

Question 12

spondyl/o

Answer 12

vertebrae

Question 13

-blast

Answer 13

immature

Question 14

-clasia

Answer 14

surgically break

Question 15

-desis

Answer 15

stabilize, fuse

Question 16

-asthenia

Answer 16

weakness

Question 17

ab-

Answer 17

away from

Question 18

ad-

Answer 18

toward

Question 19

Describe the process of how osseous tissue is formed

Answer 19

the process is called ossification; fetal skeleton is formed first from cartilage, then replaced by osteoblasts, then mature into osteocytes.

Question 20

what two minerals are required to supply strong bones

Answer 20

calcium and phosphorous

Question 21

give two examples of long bones

Answer 21

femur and humerus

Question 22

give two examples of short bones

Answer 22

carpals and tarsals

Question 23

give one example of irregular bones

Answer 23

vertebrae

Question 24

give three examples of flat bones

Answer 24

sternum, scapula, and pelvis

Question 25

what is articulation

Answer 25

where two or more bones meet

Question 26

give examples of synovial joints

Answer 26

shoulder, knee and elbow

Question 27

how much movement does fibrous joints allow and give one example

Answer 27

allow almost no movement; skull sutures

Question 28

how much movement does cartilaginous joints allow and give one example

Answer 28

allow slight movement; pubic symphysis

Question 29

what is each bone end (epiphysis) cover by and why?

Answer 29

articular cartilage to prevent bone from rubbing against another bone

Question 30

what is the diaphysis covered in and what does that supply the bone with?

Answer 30

periosteum; contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels

Question 31

dense and hard exterior surface bone

Answer 31

cortical or compact bone

Question 32

found inside bone, has spaces within the bone

Answer 32

cancellous bone or spongey bone

Question 33

what does cancellous bone contain within the spaces and what does it allow for?

Answer 33

red bone marrow; manufactures blood cells

Question 34

what is centermost of the diaphysis and what does that cavity contain?

Answer 34

medullary cavity; yellow bone marrow; fat

Question 35

what encloses a synovial joint?

Answer 35

joint capsule

Question 36

what is a joint capsule lines with and what purpose does it serve to the synovial joint

Answer 36

synovial membrane which secretes synovial fluid to lubricate joints

Question 37

what is a bursa?

Answer 37

sac-like composed of connective tissue and synovial membrane

Question 38

what purpose does a burse serve and where can it be found?

Answer 38

reduce friction; elbow, knee and shoulder